Ixodes boliviensis Neumann, 1904

Guglielmone, Alberto A., Petney, Trevor N. & Robbins, Richard G., 2020, Ixodidae (Acari: Ixodoidea): descriptions and redescriptions of all known species from 1758 to December 31, 2019, Zootaxa 4871 (1), pp. 1-322 : 15

32. Ixodes boliviensis Neumann, 1904 .

A Neotropical species, all of whose parasitic stages, including the undescribed larva, have been found on Carnivora : Procyonidae ; adults and nymphs have been collected from Carnivora : Canidae , and rarely from Galliformes : Cracidae ; adult ticks alone have been recovered from Mammalia (several orders) and occasionally from Galliformes : Phasianidae . Ixodes boliviensis is a rare parasite of humans.

M: Neumann (1904)

F: Neumann (1904)

N: Neumann (1904)

L: undescribed

Redescriptions

M: Nuttall and Warburton (1911), Cooley and Kohls (1945, under the name Ixodes bicornis , a synonym of Ixodes boliviensis ), Guzmán-Cornejo and Robbins (2010), Bermúdez et al. (2018); see note below

F: Neumann (1906) and Cooley and Kohls (1945), all under the name Ixodes bicornis, Nuttall and Warburton (1911) , Guzmán-Cornejo and Robbins (2010), Bermúdez et al. (2018); see note below

N: Nuttall and Warburton (1911), Cooley and Kohls (1945, under the name Ixodes bicornis ); see note below

Note: Ixodes boliviensis and Ixodes bicornis were described by Neumann (1904) and Neumann (1906) , respectively. These species were supported and figured by Nuttall and Warburton (1911). However, Kohls (1956c) stated that Ixodes bicornis is a synonym of Ixodes boliviensis , a statement that has not been disputed since its proposal. Kohls (1956c) sustained the synonymy of Ixodes bicornis with Ixodes boliviensis based on examination of type material and his criticism of the figures of this species in Nuttall and Warburton (1911), but he did not provide contrasting figures. Therefore, the synonymy supported in Kohls (1956c) needs confirmation, and reexamination of the types of these ticks may aid in definitively resolving this issue. Even so, the synonymy proposed by Kohls (1956c) is provisionally maintained here. See Ixodes diversifossus for that species’ morphological similarities to Ixodes boliviensis .