Fresiax, Porto & Derkarabetian & Giribet & Pérez-González, 2024

Porto, Willians, Derkarabetian, Shahan, Giribet, Gonzalo & Pérez-González, Abel, 2024, Systematic revision of the South American “ Nuncia ” (Opiliones, Laniatores, Triaenonychidae), ZooKeys 1207, pp. 1-149 : 1-149

Genus Fresiax gen. nov.

Figs 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34

Nuncia [part] (only references to Nuncia spinulosa ): Maury 1990: 108; Maury 1992: 5; Acosta and Maury 1998: 579; Kury 2003: 22.

Etymology.

The genus name Fresiax is a combination of “ Fresia, ” the name of the wife of Mapuche’s military leader Caupolicán, and the Greek word ὄνυξ (onyx = nail, claw), which is part of the generic name Triaenonyx , the type genus of the family Triaenonychidae . The genus name Fresiax is feminine.

Diagnosis.

The male genitalia of Fresiax exhibits a pars distalis considerably reduced (as in F. mauryi sp. nov.), a ventral plate longer than the capsula externa (as in F. conica sp. nov.), and a capsula externa divided into two lamellae, a character that distinguishes it from any other triaenonychid genus. Additionally, the pedipalp femora possesses at least three dorsal and four ventral spines.

Type species.

Nuncia spinulosa Maury, 1990

Included species.

Fresiax conica sp. nov., Fresiax fray sp. nov., Fresiax mauryi sp. nov., Fresiax pichicuy sp. nov., Fresiax spinulosa ( Maury, 1990) , comb. nov.

Distribution.

Argentina: Río Negro Province. Chile: Coquimbo, Valparaíso, Araucanía, Los Ríos, Los Lagos (Fig. 4 A ).

Figures

Figure 4. Maps showing the distribution of the species used in this work. South America (Chile and western Argentina inset). Chile in green, Argentina / South America in grey. Terrestrial ecoregions (following Olson et al. 2001) highlighted in yellow (Chilean Matorral) and orange (Valdivian temperate forests).

Figure 5. Fresiax conica sp. nov. male A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm. Species of Clade A, see Fig. 3.

Figure 6. Fresiax conica sp. nov. male, SEM images of habitus A dorsal view B lateral view C, D ventral view. Scale bars: 500 µm (A, B, C); 200 µm (D).

Figure 7. Fresiax conica sp. nov. chelicerae: mesal A ectal B pedipalps: mesal C ectal D. Scale bars: 200 µm.

Figure 8. Fresiax conica sp. nov. legs I A II B III C IV D. Scale bars: 200 µm (A, C); 500 µm (B, D).

Figure 9. Fresiax conica sp. nov. penis: ventral A, B apical C lateral D, E dorsal F, G. Scale bars: 200 µm (A, D, F); 20 µm (B, C, E, G).

Figure 10. Fresiax conica sp. nov. penis: ventral A apical B lateral C dorsal D. Colors: ventral plate (yellow), capsula externa (blue), capsula interna (red). Scale bars: 20 µm (A, B); 50 µm (C, D).

Figure 11. Fresiax fray sp. nov. habitus, male A dorsal view C lateral view E ventral view. Female B dorsal view D lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 500 µm. Species of Clade A, see Fig. 3.

Figure 12. Fresiax fray sp. nov. male, SEM images of habitus A dorsal view B lateral view C, D ventral view. Scale bars: 500 µm (A, B, C); 200 µm (D).

Figure 13. Fresiax fray sp. nov. chelicerae: mesal A ectal B pedipalps: mesal C ectal D. Scale bars: 200 µm.

Figure 14. Fresiax fray sp. nov. legs I A II B III C IV D. Scale bars: 200 µm (A, C); 500 µm (B, D).

Figure 15. Fresiax fray sp. nov. penis: ventral A, B apical C lateral D, E dorsal F, G. Scale bars: 100 µm (A, D, F); 20 µm (B, C, E, G).

Figure 16. Fresiax fray sp. nov. penis: ventral A apical B lateral C dorsal D. Colors: ventral plate (yellow), capsula externa (blue), capsula interna (red). Scale bars: 20 µm.

Figure 17. Fresiax mauryi sp. nov. habitus, male A dorsal view C lateral view E ventral view. Female B dorsal view D lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm. Species of Clade A, see Fig. 3.

Figure 18. Fresiax mauryi sp. nov. male, SEM images of habitus A dorsal view B lateral view C, D ventral view. Scale bars: 500 µm (A, B, C); 200 µm (D).

Figure 19. Fresiax mauryi sp. nov. chelicerae: mesal A ectal B pedipalps: mesal C ectal D. Scale bars: 200 µm (A, B); 500 µm (C, D).

Figure 20. Fresiax mauryi sp. nov. legs I A II B III C IV D. Scale bars: 500 µm.

Figure 21. Fresiax mauryi sp. nov. penis: ventral A, B apical C, D lateral E, G dorsal H, I. Scale bars: 500 µm (A, E); 100 µm (C); 20 µm (D, H); 50 µm (B, F, G).

Figure 22. Fresiax mauryi sp. nov. penis: ventral A apical B lateral C dorsal D. Colors: ventral plate (yellow), capsula externa (blue), capsula interna (red). Scale bars: 50 µm (A); 100 µm (B, C); 500 µm (D).

Figure 23. Fresiax pichicuy sp. nov. habitus, male A dorsal view C lateral view E ventral view. Female B dorsal view D lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm. Species of Clade A, see Fig. 3.

Figure 24. Fresiax pichicuy sp. nov. male, SEM images of habitus A dorsal view B lateral view C, D ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, B, C); 500 µm (D).

Figure 25. Fresiax pichicuy sp. nov. chelicerae: mesal A ectal B pedipalps: mesal C ectal D. Scale bars: 200 µm (A, B); 500 µm (C, D).

Figure 26. Fresiax pichicuy sp. nov. legs I A II B III C IV D. Scale bars: 200 µm (A, C); 500 µm (B, D).

Figure 27. Fresiax pichicuy sp. nov. penis: ventral A, B apical C lateral D, E dorsal F, G. Scale bars: 200 µm (A, D, F); 50 µm (B, C, E, G).

Figure 28. Fresiax pichicuy sp. nov. penis: ventral A apical B lateral C dorsal D. Colors: ventral plate (yellow), capsula externa (blue), capsula interna (red). Scale bars: 50 µm.

Figure 29. Fresiax spinulosa comb. nov. habitus, male A dorsal view C lateral view E ventral view. Female B dorsal view D lateral view F ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm. Species of Clade A, see Fig. 3.

Figure 30. Fresiax spinulosa comb. nov. male, SEM images of habitus A dorsal view B lateral view C, D ventral view. Scale bars: 500 µm.

Figure 31. Fresiax spinulosa comb. nov. chelicerae: mesal A ectal B pedipalps: mesal C ectal D. Scale bars: 200 µm (A, B); 500 µm (C, D).

Figure 32. Fresiax spinulosa comb. nov. legs I A II B III C IV D. Scale bars: 500 µm (A, C); 100 µm (B, D).

Figure 33. Fresiax spinulosa comb. nov. penis: ventral A, B apical C lateral D, E dorsal F, G. Scale bars: 200 µm (A, D, F); 50 µm (B, C, E, G).

Figure 34. Fresiax spinulosa comb. nov. penis: ventral A apical B lateral C dorsal D. Colors: ventral plate (yellow), capsula externa (blue), capsula interna (red). Scale bars: 50 µm (A – C); 200 µm (D).