Pseudosinella guanhaensis, Zeppelini & Brito & Lima, 2018

Zeppelini, Douglas, Brito, Roniere A. & Lima, Estevam C. A., 2018, Three new species of Collembola (Arthropoda: Hexapoda) from Central Brazilian shallow caves: side effects of long term application of environmental law on conservation, Zootaxa 4500 (1), pp. 59-81 : 73-78

Pseudosinella guanhaensis sp.nov.

Figs 26–39 , Table 1 and 2

Type material. Holotype adult male on slide, Brazil, Minas Gerais, Dores de Guanhães (42°55'44" W; 19°03'28" S), granitic cave (cav.2), 29–31.V.2017, leg. Spelayon Team. Holotype deposited at the CRFS-UEPB # 10507 .

Paratype adult male on slide, Brazil, Minas Gerais, Dores de Guanhães (42°55'44" W; 19°03'28" S), granitic cave (cav.2), 29–31. V .2017, leg. Spelayon Team, CRFS-UEPB # 10508 .

Description. Color Pattern: White, without pigment. Total length of Holotype (Head and Body) 706µm ( Table 1). Scale present on head, body and ventral face of furca; absent from antennae, legs and collophore.

Head: Eyes absent. Antennae ~ 1.2× head length. Ant. I–IV with many sensilla of diferent types, microchaetae and macrochaetae ( Figs 17 , 26–33 ). Ant. IV apical papilla absent; subapical sense organ with shelf sensillum type a ( Fig. 26 ), guard sensillum shorter than shelf sensillum. Apical sense organ of Ant. III with two type c, three type e and one type h sensilla, and surrounded by macrochaetae ( Figs 27 and 30 ). Ant II dorso-laterally with about 20 macrochaeta and 2 type j sensilla at the ventro-lateral distal half ( Figs 28, 29 and 31 ). Ant. I dorso-laterally with 3 type h, 1 type i and 1 type a sensilla, and 2 h and 3 l ventro-lateral sensilla ( Figs 28, 29 , 32 and 33 ). Head dorsally with 1 mesochaetae and 6 macrochaetae in series An; anterior unpaired A0–1 and paired A2–3 as macrochaetae, paired A5 as microchaeta, A4 absent. Posterior r, Pa5, Pm1, Pp1–2 and Pe1–2 are macrochaetae ( Fig. 34 ). Prelabral chaetae Pl,p,m,a 6,5,4,4 Pl and p ciliated,m and a smooth. Distal margin of labrum smooth. Basal and distal chaetae of maxillary palp smooth and subequal; lateral process of labial papilla E (sensillum Ip) curved anteriorly, barely exceeding the tip of papillae. Labial triangle chaetotaxy as A1–5 M1M2–EL1L2 ( Fig. 35 ). Postlabial area with 11 macrochaetae each side.

Body: Body macrochaetae 00/0100+1. Meso and metathorax sensilla as short and slender ( Figs. 36 ). Abd. I a1, a2, a3, a5, short a6, m2, m3, m4 and p5 present, as absent. Abd. II Tm2 and Tm5 with 3 and 2 fun shaped chaetae (a2i–iii and a6i–ii), setaceous a3, as microsensillum present, m3 is a macrochaeta. Abd. III with macrochaetae pm6; trichobothria Tm2, Ta5 and Tm5 with 3,1,0 fan-shaped supplementary chaetae; a3 internal, reaching as; as slender, slightly bigger than m3; sensilla d2 present ( Fig. 36 ). Abd. IV inner macrochaeta B5 and T2 present, C1 normal; macrochaeta B5 posterior to pseudopore and to T4. Trichobothrial complex a and m chaetae present, s absent, supplementary chaetae a, m fan-shaped; chaetae D1, D1p and D2 slender, about the same size of other chaetae in tricobothrial complex. D4, E2–4 and F5 lateral macrochaetae present ( Fig. 37 ).

Legs: Metatrochanteral organ with up to 6 short chaetae in a V shape. Legs I–III (respectivelly) bearing 1,2,2 heavy, blunt, stout, ciliated macrochaetae on posterior edges ( Fig. 38 ). Third unguis as in Fig. 39 , tenent hair flat and truncate, 1.3× as long as unguiculus; all ungues with 1 unpaired apical and 1 paired basal inner teeth. Unguiculus elongated with a strong tooth in the outer lamella ( Fig. 39 ).

Furca: Manubrium with up 32 ciliated, 4 smooth mesochaetae and 2 pseudopore. Chaetae of dens all ciliated. Mucro with 2 teeth, distal teeth slightly smaller than basal one, basal spine long and smooth, reaching the tip of basal tooth.

Etymology. The species is named after its type locality ‘ Dores de Guanhaes ’.

Distribution and habitat. Good’s Biogeographic zone 27 ( Good 1974; Culik & Zeppelini 2003), the climate is ‘as’ ( Köppen 1936; Shear 1966). The species is known so far from a gneiss cave (cav 2) in Dores de Guanhaes in Minas Gerais State Southeastern Brazil. The type locality is a shallow cave with about 10m ² in the Dores de Guanhães river bank, composed of fallen boulders. There is no aphotic zone and the abiotic conditions are rather those of the external surroundings. The species is likely a MSS dweller which showed up eventually in the external environment, this may explain the small number of specimens collected. The temperature in the cave ranged from 18–22.8C° and humidity from 85–88% along the year, with lower temperatures during drier season.

Remarks. Pseudosinella guanhaensis sp. nov. presents the blunt, ciliated macrochaetae on Tita as seen in P. meganporteri ( Soto-Adames 2010) , the new species bears 1–2–2 and the later 2–2–2 macrochaetae in legs I–III respectively. The tenant hair is flat clavate in the new species and acuminate in P. meganporteri . The presence of macrochaetae S and T on the head is also similar in these two species and is also seen in P. ambigua sp. nov. The absence of chaeta r in the labial triangle differentiates P. guanhaensis sp. nov. from those species and is similar to the species P. sera and P. certa . The clavate tenant hair is shared by P. ambigua sp. nov., P. pseudopetterseni and P. sera , the macrochaetae on the Abd. I–IV is differential for the new species ( Table 2) and the presence of blunt macrochaetae on Tita can easily diagnose P. guanhaensis sp. nov. from those species.

Figures

FIGURES 26–29. Pseudosinella guanhaensis sp.nov.; 26, antennal segment IV dorsal view, letters as in Fig. 17; 27, antennal segment III dorsal view, letter as in Fig. 17; 28, antennal segments I and II dorsal view, letters as in Fig. 17; 29, antennal segments I and II ventral view, letters as in Fig. 17.

FIGURES 30–34. Pseudosinella guanhaensis sp.nov.; 30, Details of sense organ of Ant. III with two type c, three type e and one type h sensilla, and surrounded by macrochaetae; 31, Details of sensilla at the ventro-lateral distal half Ant. II; 32, details of Ant. I dorso-laterally with 3 type h, 1 type i and 1 type a sensilla, and 2 h and 3 l; 33, ventro-lateral sensilla; 34, dorsal cephalic chaetotaxy.

FIGURES 35–36. Pseudosinella guanhaensis sp.nov.; 35, labial triangle chaetotaxy, left side; 36, trunk chaetotaxy, left side.

FIGURES 37–39. Pseudosinella guanhaensis sp.nov.; 37, Abd IV chaetotaxy, left side; 38, tibiotarsi I; 39 empodial complex leg III.

FIGURES 17–18. Pseudosinella ambigua sp. nov.: 17, antennal and body chaetae: a) subapical micro sense rod. b) sense type I. c) sense type II. d) sense type III. e) sense type IV. f) bristle-like. g) ciliated chaeta. h) microsensillum. i) micro sense organ. j) sense type V. l) sense type VI. m) fan-shaped chaeta type I. n) fan-shaped chaeta type II. o) micro or mesochaeta symbol. p) macrochaeta symbols. q) pseudopore symbols. r) bothriotrix. s) stout ciliated macrochaetae; 18, dorsal cephalic chaetotaxy.