Trechalea tirimbina, Cruz, Estevam L., Silva, Da & Lapinski, Witold, 2012

Cruz, Estevam L., Silva, Da & Lapinski, Witold, 2012, A new species of Trechalea Thorell, 1869 (Araneae: Lycosoidea: Trechaleidae: Trechaleinae) from Costa Rica, with notes on its natural history and ecology, Zootaxa 3563, pp. 58-64 : 59-63

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.5281/zenodo.210060

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6178599

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BF5987C3-FFB4-FFB2-C1F6-EA42FBAF99A5

treatment provided by

Plazi

scientific name

Trechalea tirimbina
status

sp. nov.

Trechalea tirimbina View in CoL new species

Figs 1–19 View FIGURE 1 View FIGURES 2 – 5 View FIGURES 6 – 9 View FIGURES 10 – 15 View FIGURES 16 – 19

Trechalea View in CoL sp.; Lapinski & Tschapka, 2009: 6.

Types. Male holotype from Reserva Biológica Tirimbina , Heredia Province, Costa Rica [10°24'N, 84°07'W], IV- VII.2008, W. Lapinski (MCTP 33749). Paratype: one female, same locality and data as the holotype (MCTP 33750).

Etymology. The specific name is a noun in apposition, taken from the type locality.

Diagnosis. The male palpus of Trechalea tirimbina sp. nov. resembles that of Trechalea extensa O. Pickard- Cambridge, 1896 (see Carico 1993: 241, fig. 20) by the presence of a tooth-like projection on the dorsal division of the median apophysis (DD) ( Fig. 7 View FIGURES 6 – 9 ), character also shared with Trechalea longitarsis (C. L. Koch, 1847) (see Carico, 1993: 241, fig. 15), but can be distinguished by the short tip of the guide (G) on the terminal apex of the dorsal division of the median apophysis (DD) ( Fig. 7 View FIGURES 6 – 9 ) and by the larger ectal division of the retrolateral tibial apophysis (ECD) ( Figs 12, 13 View FIGURES 10 – 15 ). The female is similar to those of T. extensa (see Carico 1993: 248, fig. 55) by the projected scape-like middle field of epigynum (MF), but can be distinguished by the narrower tip of the scape ( Figs 16, 17 View FIGURES 16 – 19 ) and by the shorter and rounded head of spermathecae (HS) ( Figs 18, 19 View FIGURES 16 – 19 ).

Description. Male (Holotype, Heredia Province, Costa Rica, MCTP 33749). Total length 21.94. Carapace 10.64 long, 10.37 wide, light brown with a median irregular light brown band; laterals dark brown with short dark brown bristles; fovea marked ( Fig. 3 View FIGURES 2 – 5 ). Clypeus dark brown, 1.24 high. Anterior eye row recurved, 2.01 wide; posterior recurved 3.65 wide. Eye diameters: AME 0.46, ALE 0.31, PME 0.83, PLE 0.77; interdistances: AME-AME 0.31, AME-ALE 0.12, PME-PME 0.43, PME-PLE 0.74; median ocular quadrangle: OQA 1.17, OQP 1.79, OQH 1.67. Chelicerae dark brown, frontal face bristly; promargin and retromargin of fang furrow with three teeth equidistant and equal in size. Sternum yellow, light brown laterally, bristly; 5.58 long, 5.05 wide. Labium dark brown, 1.86 long, 1.99 wide. Legs light brown with a dark brown irregular patches, relative length: IV–II–I–III, I—femur 17.82/ tibia-patella 19.15/ metatarsus 19.55/ tarsus 12.10/ total 68.62; II—20.08/ 20.74/ 21.81/ 12.90/ 75.53; III—16.35/ 19.10/ 16.22/ 10.64/ 62.31; IV—21.14/ 26.06/ 25.93/ 15.29/ 88.42. Ventral pairs of macrosetae on tibiae: I–4; II–4; III–3; IV–3. Superior tarsal claw with seven teeth ( Fig. 14 View FIGURES 10 – 15 ). Abdomen, 10.90 long, dorsum dark gray, bristly and with three pairs of sigillae ( Fig. 3 View FIGURES 2 – 5 ). Venter light brown, scattered bristles. Ventral division of the median apophysis (VD) of the male palpus with an acute apex ( Figs 6, 7 View FIGURES 6 – 9 ). Dorsal division of the median apophysis (DD) with a distal tooth-like projection ( Figs 7 View FIGURES 6 – 9 , 10 View FIGURES 10 – 15 ) and short guide (G) ( Figs 7 View FIGURES 6 – 9 , 10 View FIGURES 10 – 15 ). Retrolateral tibial apophysis (RTA) prominent ( Fig. 8 View FIGURES 6 – 9 ). Ental division of RTA ( END) short and retrolaterally curved ( Fig. 11 View FIGURES 10 – 15 ). Ectal division (ECD) of RTA with a lamellar projection, dorsally grooved ( Figs 12, 13 View FIGURES 10 – 15 ).

Female (Paratype, same locality as holotype, MCTP 33750). Total length 25.27. Carapace 10.37 long, 10.39 wide, colour as in male ( Fig. 4 View FIGURES 2 – 5 ). Clypeus dark brown, 1.24 high. Anterior eye row straight, 1.95 wide; posterior recurved 3.73 wide. Eye diameters: AME 0.27, ALE 0.31, PME 0.77, PLE 0.62; interdistances: AME-AME 0.27, AME-ALE 0.15, PME-PME 0.40, PME-PLE 0.71; median ocular quadrangle: OQA 1.08, OQP 1.82, OQH 1.67. Chelicerae colour and shape as in male. Sternum yellow, bristly; 5.98 long, 5.05 wide. Labium dark brown, 1.72 long, 1.99 wide. Legs, colour as in male, relative length: IV–II–I–III, I—femur 17.95/ tibia-patella 17.29/ metatarsus 16.75/ tarsus 11.30/ total 63.24; II—18.35/ 24.33/ 18.62/ 12.63/ 73.93; III—14.89/ 17.42/ 15.69/ 10.37/ 58.37; IV—19.41/ 23.94/ 23.27/ 14.89/ 81.51. Ventral pairs of macrosetae on tibiae: I–4; II–4; III–3; IV–3. Female palpal claw with seven teeth ( Fig. 15 View FIGURES 10 – 15 ). Abdomen, 15.69 long, colour and shape as in male ( Fig. 4 View FIGURES 2 – 5 ). Female epigynum with a projected scape-like middle field (MF) ( Figs 16, 17 View FIGURES 16 – 19 ). Head of spermathecae (HS) short and rounded with pores ( Fig. 19 View FIGURES 16 – 19 ) and with a circular accessory spermathecae ( AS) ( Fig. 18 View FIGURES 16 – 19 ). Copulatory ducts (CD) short and wide ( Fig. 18 View FIGURES 16 – 19 ).

Other material examined. COSTA RICA, Heredia Province: Tirimbina Biological Reserve [10°24'N, 84°07'W], 2 3, 2 Ƥ, IV-VII.2008, W. Lapinski ( MCTP 33751, 33752, 33753, 33754); Limón Province: Matama, Fila Asunción [09°54'N, 83°09'W], elevation 400m, 1 Ƥ, 02.VII.2003, M. Aguirre ( INBio 74274), Cental, Valle de La Estrella, Reserva Biol Hitoy Cerere, Est Hitoy Cerere, La Poza de las Chichis [09°40'N, 83°01'W], elevation 120m, 1 3, 25.VI.1998, E. Rojas ( INBio 75115).

Distribution. Costa Rica (Limón and Heredia Provinces) ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 ).

Natural history and ecology. Like other Trechalea species ( Carico 1993), T. tirimbina sp. nov. was found along forest creeks and small rivers ( Fig. 2 View FIGURES 2 – 5 ). Most specimens were found at night on objects like logs, stones and boulders in the middle and along the banks of the creeks. Some individuals could be found during the day on the underside of logs. The typical hunting posture was the spiders attached with legs III and IV to the substrate and legs I and II touching the water surface ( Fig. 4 View FIGURES 2 – 5 ). Many spiders were found on vertical objects not touching the water and some spiders were hanging from objects above water with the front legs in the air (Lapinski, pers. obs.). In a few occasions the prey of T. tirimbina sp. nov. could be identified. The spiders consumed crickets ( Gryllidae ) and smaller spiders from diferent families (Lapinski, unpubl. data). The males of T. tirimbina sp. nov. captured small crickets and a small spider and used them as nuptial gifts during courtship ( Lapinski & Tschapka 2009; Lapinski, unpubl. data). This behaviour has also been observed in T. amazonica from Northern Brazil ( Silva & Lise 2009). Based on observations on individually marked spiders, the species appears to have high site fidelity (Lapinski, unpubl. data). Females carry the flat bluish gray egg sac attached to the spinnerets and the newly hatched spiderlings stay for approximately two to three days on the abdomen and the egg sac, which remains attached to the spinnerets (Lapinski, pers. obs., Fig. 5 View FIGURES 2 – 5 ).

MCTP

Museu de Ciencias

INBio

National Biodiversity Institute, Costa Rica

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Arachnida

Order

Araneae

Family

Trechaleidae

Genus

Trechalea

Loc

Trechalea tirimbina

Cruz, Estevam L., Silva, Da & Lapinski, Witold 2012
2012
Loc

Trechalea

Lapinski 2009: 6
2009
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