Bolla (Bovaria), Zhang & Cong & Shen & Song & Grishin, 2023

Zhang, Jing, Cong, Qian, Shen, Jinhui, Song, Leina & Grishin, Nick V., 2023, Genomics-based taxonomic rearrangement of Achlyodini and Carcharodini (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae: Pyrginae), Insecta Mundi 2023 (16), pp. 1-33 : 24-25

Bovaria Grishin , new subgenus

http://zoobank.org/ 86413A71-3528-4B5A-BB4D-9C7C43667518

Type species. Achlyodes cyclops Mabille, 1876 .

Definition. The nuclear genomic tree reveals that Bolla Mabille, 1903 (type species Bolla pullata Mabille, 1903 , treated as a junior subjective synonym of Staphylus imbras Godman and Salvin, 1896 ) splits into four clades at the subgenus level ( Fig. 5 ). The subgenera corresponding to three of these clades do not have available names and are new. One of these new subgenera keys to E.31.1b or E.31.18a in Evans (1953) and is distinguished from its relatives by the following characters: at least around tornus of ventral hindwing with gray or ocherous overscaling, distal third of ventral forewing paler than the rest, if not then forewing cell CuA 1 -CuA 2 with a prominent hyaline spot (at least in females) and/or wings ocherous-brown with conspicuous darker spots somewhat connected into bands, antenna nudum with about 13 segments; tegumen in dorsal view rounded, wider at the base, without processes near uncus (but could be with small “knobs”), uncus lanceolate to narrowly triangular, valva more square than rectangular, or rounded on the sides, ampulla with a bulge or a bulbous process, harpe usually extended posteriad, could be claw-like and upturned or relatively short and overlapping with valva and with inner dorsal margin serrated and/or expanded. Confident identification is provided by DNA, and a combination of the following base pairs is diagnostic: in the nuclear genome: aly537.31.1:G611A, aly1139.42.5:C79A, aly1139.42.5:A27T, aly84.37.1:T1180C, aly84.37.1:T1395C, and in the COI barcode: A181A, 263C, A265T, A424A, 592A, T652T, T653T.

Etymology. The name is a feminine noun in the nominative singular, unifying a number of Bolla species with variable superficial appearance: Bo [lla] + varia [ble].

Species included. Bolla cybele Evans, 1953 , Staphylus cylindus Godman and Salvin, 1896 , Bolla sonda Evans, 1953 , Achlyodes cyclops Mabille, 1877 , Pholisora aplica E. Bell, 1937 , restored status (see below), Bolla sodalis Schaus, 1913 , restored status (see below), Bolla solitaria Steinhauser, 1991 , Staphylus saletas Godman and Salvin, 1896 , Pholisora tepeca E. Bell, 1942 , and Bolla fenestra Steinhauser, 1991 .

Parent taxon. Genus Bolla Mabille, 1903 .

Figures

Figure 5. The nuclear genome-based phylogeny of Carcharodini, middle segment (continues in 6, see Fig. 4 for the first segment) showing Pholisorina subtrib. n. Species formerly placed in Staphylus are labeled in red. Asterisk marks a species with a dedicated study (Lemes et al. 2023) that already assigned it to Bolla. See Fig. 1 for notations.