Tegenaria parvula, THORELL, 1875

Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel & Hänggi, Ambros, 2013, Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4), pp. 723-848 : 810

TEGENARIA PARVULA THORELL, 1875 , STAT. REV. ( FIG. 20J–M )

Tegenaria parvula Thorell, 1875b: 94 , female; Thorell, 1875a: 78, female; Brignoli, 1971a: 97–101, figs 46– 50.

Tegenaria velox Chyzer & Kulczyn´ ski, 1897: 168, 169, pl. 6, fig. 28, female, s yn. nov.

Tetrilus strandi Caporiacco, 1936: 355 , 356, fig. 5, male; Caporiacco, 1938: 39, fig. 2, female; Lehtinen, 1967: 267; synonymized by Brignoli, 1977a: 45.

Malthonica parvula: Guseinov et al., 2005: 164 .

Types

No type material examined. The female holotype was examined and drawn by Brignoli (1971a).

Sub Tegenaria velox : Holotype. Romania: Caras- Severin, Herkulesfürdö ( Polyana Stana Pogara, Rablobarlang ), ♀ ( HNHM, Araneae-5), iv., Chyzer.

Other material examined

Italy (7 ♂, 13 ♀) .

Diagnosis

Tegenaria parvula is very closely related to Teg. silvestris . Females can easily be separated by the distinctly different epigyne. Males are more difficult to separate but the most useful characters are the dorsal branch of the RTA, the median protrusion of the tegulum, and the distal portion of the conductor.

Description

Measurements: Male (N = 2): CL 3.31–3.90, CW 2.54– 3.07, STL 1.57–1.89, STW 1.58–1.92. Leg I (3.51–4.47, 1.29–1.45, 3.35–4.18, 3.53–4.57, 2.15–2.40), II (3.17– 4.00, 1.17–1.38, 2.79–3.54, 3.13–3.53, 1.80–1.84), III (2.50–2.90, 0.86–1.05, 2.21–2.26, 2.21–2.84, 1.12– 1.47), IV (3.78–4.55, 1.21–1.38, 3.21–3.91, 3.98–4.97, 1.82–2.21). Pedipalp (1.72, 0.55–0.63, 0.49–0.51, 2.20– 2.25), bulbL 1.90–1.96. Female (N = 1): CL 3.46, CW 2.70, STL 1.74, STW 1.75. Leg I (3.76, 1.24, 3.32, 3.66, 2.04), II (3.22, 1.18, 2.72, 2.96, 1.63), III (3.14, 1.19, 2.37, 3.07, 1.55), IV (3.99, 1.27, 3.36, 4.28, 1.84). Pedipalp (1.49, 0.63, 0.91, 1.48). EPL 0.51, EPW 0.85, ATL 0.24, ATW 0.26. Eyes: PME 0.18, PLE 0.19–0.20, AME 0.14–0.19, ALE 0.19–0.21. Eye distances: PME–PME 0.5–1 x PME, PME–AME 0.5–1 x PME, PME–PLE ≤ 0.5 x PME, PME–ALE 1 x PME, AME– AME <0.5 x AME, AME–ALE << 0.5 x AME. CLY1 1.5 x AME, CLY2 0.5–1 x ALE.

Other morphological characters: All other morphological characters (except some details of the genital morphology) examined lie within the variation presented for Teg. silvestris .

Distribution

Reported from central to northern Italy and Romania.

Discussion

Brignoli (1971a) suggested that most citations of Teg. silvestris L. Koch from Italy may refer to Teg. parvula . The present study does not support this as both forms occur in Italy.

The synonymy of Teg. velox Chyzer with Teg. parvula is based on our examination of the female holotype of the former. No additional material, in particular no males, are presently known of this taxon from Romania. No differences could be found between the holotype of Teg. velox and Italian material of Teg. parvula and the two are therefore synonymized here. Males from Romania will be necessary to confirm this synonymy.

Figures

Figure 20. A–I, Tegenaria silvestris, variation in males and females (F–I); J-M, Tegenaria parvula; N, S-V, Tegenaria henroti; O-R, Tegenaria eleonorae; W-Z, Tegenaria pindosiensis sp. nov. Left male palp in ventral (A, F, J, O, S) and retrolateral views (B, G, K, P, T); epigyne in ventral (C, H, L, Q, U, W) and vulva in dorsal (D, I, M, R, V, X) and lateral views (E); female habitus (N) and abdomen in dorsal view (Z); sternum in ventral view (Y). Scale bars = 0.5 mm (except 1 mm for N).