Tegenaria podoprygorai, (KOVBLYUK, 2006)

Bolzern, Angelo, Burckhardt, Daniel & Hänggi, Ambros, 2013, Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 168 (4), pp. 723-848 : 812-813

TEGENARIA PODOPRYGORAI ( KOVBLYUK, 2006) COMB. NOV.

Malthonica podoprygorai Kovblyuk, 2006: 24–26 , figs 1–10.

No material examined.

Description

A detailed description was provided by Kovblyuk (2006).

Distribution

Reported from Ukraine.

Discussion

The presence of a colulus, the number of cheliceral teeth, and the genital characters place this species clearly into Tegenaria .

TEGENARIA RACOVITZAI SIMON, 1907

( FIG. 17C, F, G, M, N )

Tegenaria racovitzai Simon, 1907: 548 , 549, fig. 3b, male; Ribera & Barrientos, 1986: 191–193, figs 6, 7, female.

Tegenaria antrorum Simon, 1916: 211 , female, syn. nov.

Types

Holotype. Spain: Aragon: Huesca, Hoya de Huesca, Fanlo , ‘ Cueva abaho de los Gloces’ , ♂, 1 juv. ( MNHN, 1965, 45, 23627), 20.viii.1905, Racovitza & Janel.

Sub Tegenaria antrorum : syntypes. France: Pyrénées-Orientales: Prades, Villefranche-de- Conflent, ‘ Grotte de Villefranche’ , 2 ♀ ( MNHN, 1965, 581), Simon .

Other material examined

Spain (3 ♂) .

Diagnosis

Tegenaria racovitzai can be recognized by the distinct reduced conductor, the distinct epigyne with sharply pointed ‘pseudo teeth’, and the posterior sclerite having a convex anterior margin.

Description

Measurements: A description of female, including some measurements, was provided by Ribera & Barrientos (1986).

Male (N = 1): CL 4.22, CW 2.98, STL 2.16, STW 1.81, OL 4.70, OW 2.78. Leg I (5.24, 1.66, 5.26, 5.55, 3.01), II (5.05, 1.60, 4.82, 5.56, 2.78), III (4.79, 1.49, 4.40, 5.75, 2.60), IV (6.01, 1.84, 5.38, 7.00, 3.40). Pedipalp (1.84, 0.66, 0.92, 1.77), bulbL 1.01. Female (N = 1): CL 3.66, CW 2.65, STL 1.92, STW 1.68. Leg I (4.41, 1.28, 3.90, 4.40, 2.36), II (4.25, 1.35, 3.79, 4.27, 2.24), III (3.86, 1.23, 3.36, 4.31, 1.85), IV (4.83, 1.26, 4.39, 5.76, 1.78). Pedipalp (1.51, 0.60, 0.98, 1.61). EPL 0.72, EPW 1.11, ATL 0.22, ATW 0.39. Eyes: PME 0.14–0.15, PLE 0.15–0.16, AME 0.10–0.11, ALE 0.16– 0.17. Eye distances: PME–PME 1–1.5 x PME, PME– AME 1 x PME, PME–PLE 1–1.5 x PME, PME–ALE 0.5–1 x PME, AME–AME 0.5–1 x AME, AME–ALE 0.5–1 x AME. CLY1 2.5 x AME, CLY2 1–1.5 x ALE.

Male palp: RTA with three branches, ventral branch long, drawn-out bulge with distinct ventral ridge, lateral branch much smaller, protruding and distally pointed, dorsal branch strongly sclerotized, broadly protruding, moderately longer than wide, distally broadly truncated. Filiform embolus length about 1.5 x CB, originating at 8–9 o’clock position, distal tip at 2 o’clock position. Conductor reduced to transparent lamelliform appendage with lateral margin moderately folded. Terminal end simple and moderately pointed. Connection of conductor to tegulum membranous or moderately sclerotized. MA originating at 4–5 o’clock position, moderately protruding, distally with spoon-like sclerite. MA membranously connected to tegulum. Basal part of tegulum clearly visible, with continuous margin.

Epigyne and vulva: Epigyne medially with pale, membranous area. Posterior sclerite expressed as sclerotized bulge with anterior margin convex. CO between the membranous median area and the posterior sclerite. Epigynal ‘pseudo teeth’ present and sharply pointed. Vulva consists of distinguishable CD, RC, and FD. CD very short leading into globular, smoothly sclerotized RC. RC almost touching each other. An additional small globular structure (second pair of RC) attached to the large RC, which are visible through the epigynal plate. FD only represented by small, leaf-shaped appendages.

Other important characters: Cheliceral promargin with three, retromargin with four to five teeth. Colulus developed as trapezoidal plate with the distal margin medially notched. Same pattern of distal spigots on PMS (in females) as described for the type species. PLS with distal segment shorter than basal segment. Tarsal trichobothria on cymbium and palp tarsus absent. Tarsal trichobothria seven to nine. Leg spination: male palp (2–0–0–0 or 3–0–0, 2–0–0, 1–0–2–0), female palp (2–1–0–0 or 3–0–0–0, 2–0–0, 2–2–0–0), leg femora (2–2–2–0 or 2–3–2–0, 2–2–2–0, 2–2–2–0, 2–1–1–0 or 2–2–1–0), patellae (all 2–0–0), tibiae (1–2–0–2p+1 or 1–2–2–2p+1 or 1–2–0–3p, 1–2– 2–1+2p or 1–2–2–3p, 1–2–2–2+1p or 1–2–2–3p, 1–2– 2–2+1p or 1–2–2–3p), metatarsi (0–2–2–3p+1, 0–3–2– 3p+1, 2–3–3–3p+1, 2–3–3–3p+1), tarsi (I & II 0, III & IV 0–0–1–0).

Coloration: No coloration pattern visible on the specimens examined.

Distribution

Reported from northern Spain and south-west France (Pyrenees region).

Discussion

Simon (1907) assigned Teg. racovitzai to his Tegenaria domestica -group. Later, he described Teg. antrorum ( Simon, 1916) , which he placed near Teg. racovitzai within his Tegenaria armigera -group. Fage (1931) agreed with this placement, in contrast to Brignoli (1977c) who mentioned that Teg. racovitzai does not show close affinities to any of the Tegenaria domestica, atrica , or armigera / oribata -groups. In our analyses, the original hypothesis of Simon had most support because Teg. racovitzai represents a basal branch of Tegenaria ( Figs 3 , 7 ).

Figures

Figure 3. Most parsimonious strict consensus tree based on morphological data with equal character weights. Branch support is indicated by jack-knife values (1000 pseudoreplicates)/Bremer support at the nodes. Analysis with implied weighting (K = 10) resulted in additional supported clades (jack-knife support): Tegenaria mercanturensis + Tegenaria mirifica (69), Tegenaria montana + Tegenaria rilaensis (52), Tegenaria parvula + Tegenaria silvestris (55). Black dots indicate apomorpies, white dots indicate homoplasies. Numbers above the dots correspond to the character number, numbers below the dots to the character state.

Figure 7. Combined DNA and morphological data (cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase subunit 1, 28S, and morphological data) Bayesian tree. Posterior probabilities of clades are expressed in percentages and given above branches. Clade support (> 50) from the resampling method (jack-knife, 1000 replications) based on parsimony analysis with implied weighting (K = 10) is given below the branches. Bremer support (> 4) is given to the right of the corresponding node. Abbreviations: AT, Austria; CH, Switzerland; DE, Germany; ES, Spain; FR, France; GR, Greece; IT, Italy; PT, Portugal; SE, Sweden; US, United States.

Figure 17. A, B, Tegenaria domestica; C, F, G, M, N, Tegenaria racovitzai; D, E, Q, R, Tegenaria hauseri; H-J, Tegenaria bozhkovi; K, L, O, P, Tegenaria campestris; S, T, Tegenaria pieperi; U, Tegenaria schmalfussi; V, Tegenaria faniapollinis; W, Tegenaria percuriosa (holotype of Tegenaria bithyniae); X-Z, Tegenaria croatica sp. nov. Left male palp in ventral (M, O, Q) and retrolateral views (N, P, R); epigyne in ventral (D, F, H, K, S, U–W, Y) and posterioventral views (T), vulva in dorsal (E, G, I, L, U, Z) and lateral views (J); face of female Teg. domestica (A) and Teg. racovitzai (C); cheliceral margins of female Teg. domestica in posterioventral view (B); habitus, dorsal view (X). Scale bars = 0.5 mm (no scale for Teg. faniapollinis, V, and Teg. schmalfussi, U).