Scaura latitarsis (Friese, 1900)

Nogueira, David Silva, Oliveira, Favizia Freitas de & Oliveira, Marcio Luiz de, 2017, The real taxonomic identity of Trigonalatitarsis Friese, 1900, with notes on type specimens (Hymenoptera, Apidae), ZooKeys 713, pp. 113-130 : 114-120

Scaura latitarsis (Friese, 1900) Figs 5 8, 9 12, 13 18, 19, 20, 21 24, 25, 26

Trigona latitarsis Friese, 1900: 388. Lectotype male (presently designated). Label data: written with black ink: Brasil, S. Paulo, 631/156.

Melipona crassipes tenuis Ducke, 1916: 46, 47; Ducke, 1925: 342, 368 [taxonomic characters, geographic records]

Scaura crassipes tenuis; Moure 1944: 28, 29 [list].

Trigona (Scaura) longula tenuis; Schwarz 1948: 489, 499, 500 [taxonomic characters, diagnosis, key, geographic records].

Trigona (Scaura) tenuis ; Wille and Michener 1973: 12.

Plebeia (Scaura) tenuis ; Michener 1990:114 [systematics, taxonomic characters, key]; Nates-Parra 2001: 239 [geographic records]; Smith-Pardo, 2003: 388 [list].

Scaura tenuis ; Silveira et al. 2002: 91 [list, geographic records]; Camargo and Pedro 2002: 108 [taxonomic characters]; Camargo and Pedro 2013 [online catalog]; Oliveira et al. 2013: 163 167, 228. figs 297 313 [taxonomic characters, geographic records, key]; Oliveira 2016 [online catalog]. Syn. n.

Diagnosis.

(+) Scape almost entirely yellow, with a dark spot on the apical third of dorsal surface (Fig. 6); forehead setae blackish and hairs whitish mixed; whitish simple and ramified hairs on mesosoma; blackish setae intercalating the ramified whitish setae on pronotal lobes (Fig. 9); apex of the posterior border of mesothoracic basitarsus sharp (Figs 5, 10); metasoma elongated; blackish setae on T4 to T6 and whitish on sterna (Figs 11, 12). (>) Ocellocular distance similar in length to the diameter of the lateral ocellus; blackish setae on vertex; whitish hairs on mesosome, blackish setae in terga T4 to T6 and whitish on sterna; valves with rounded base and tapering gradually to apex; posterior groove of spathe deep and sharp in dorsal view (Fig. 19); gonocoxite similar to an equilateral triangle; setae short and thick, restricted to the apical half of inner face of gonostile and the fourth apical of outer face. (Q) Setae of mandibles about half the mandible length; propodeum slightly concave in lateral view; metathoracic basitarsus about 5.5? longer than broad; junction area of fifth sternum apical lobes straight in ventral view; separation of these lobes a little bit pronounced.

Worker redescription.

Paralectotype worker (Figs 5 12).Color: Integument predominantly brown-blackish. Clypeus dark brown, labrum yellowish brown. Mandibles brown, except the yellow apical 1/4. Mandibular condyles more darkened. Scape yellowish, with a brown spot in the apical third of dorsal surface; flagellum brown. Pronotal lobe yellowish-brown. Legs light brown, coxae slightly lighter than the other segments. Femora, tibiae and basitarsus slightly darkened on sides. Two last prothoracic tarsomeres yellowish-pale. Last segments of meso and metathoracic legs yellowish- pale. Tegulae, wing venation and pterostigma dark brown. Wing membrane uniformly slightly smoky, with iridescent sheen. Apical half of T1 to T3 brown amber, T4-T6 more darkened towards the apex, tending to brown. S1 to S4 yellowish-brown, the other sterna slightly darkened, tending to brown.

Pubescence: malar area covered with simple white setae, fairly dense, but extremely short. Face with relatively sparse setae, branched on base, decumbent at lower clypeus and parocular area, and semi-erect on forehead; setae of upper end of forehead with most compact branches. Erect setae intercalating the branched ones on face, whitish in the lower half and darkened a little above half; longest bristles on clypeus (0.1 mm) and vertex (0.2 mm), and shortest on middle and lower parocular areas (0.05 mm). Whitish setae on scape, with 0.025 mm. Metathoracic wings with five hamuli. Pro and mesothoracic trochanter with whitish simple hair on the underside; similar but more sparse on the metathoracic. Setae of legs darker from the apical third of femurs to the apex, also gradually longer and thicker towards of the legs apex. Disk of mesoscutum with erect and darkened setae, relatively long (0.25 mm) and thick, these even longer in posterior board of scutellum (0.3mm). Mesepisternum with simple, whitish and relatively long hairs (0.24 mm), interspersing the whitish and branched (0.12 mm). T1 and T2 practically glabrous with a narrow strip of lower and pale setae on their board, with some very short setae on the apical half of sides of terga, setae gradually thicker and darkened, from the widest apical band of T3 toward of the metasoma apex. Apical band especially wider in the middle region of terga; T6 with some simple setae interspersing branched setae; setae on T3 with 0.07 mm; T4 with 0.13 mm; T5 with 0.17 mm and T6 with 0.18 mm. S1 S6 with whitish setae on their apical bands, about 0.13 mm length, the last fully setaceous.

Integument surface: Fully smooth and shiny with only piliferous punctuation. Vertex distinctly higher at ocelli level.

Measurements (mm): Body length: 6.0. Head width: 2. Head approximately 1.5? wider than long (2.0: 1.34). Distance between the medium ocelli and the compound eye: 0.43; interorbital distances maximum and minimum (1.3: 0.91). Clypeus 1.7? wider than long (0.85: 0.48). Scape approximately 6? longer than its median width (0.61: 0.1). Pedicel about as long as wide (0.097: 0.096). Malar area: 0.05. Mesothoracic wing length of: 4.7. Metasoma elongated.

Specimen condition: very dirty, the left prothoracic tibia and tarsus, right prothoracic distitarsus, right mesothoracic tibia, tarsus and right metathoracic leg missing.

Label data: Brasilia [= Brasil], 631, 365, Trigona latitarsis Friese, 1900 [written by Friese with black ink].

Description.

Male (lectotype) (Figs 13 18, 26).Color: Integument predominantly brown-blackish. Clypeus brownish, labrum and apical third of mandible yellowish. Scape yellow with a brown spot in apical third of dorsal surface. Pedicel brown. Flagellum dark brown. Pronotal lobe translucid brown. Legs brown-yellow with brown darkened spots on the apical half of femurs, basitarsus more darkened than rest of legs; metathoracic tibia with large yellowish areas, with 1/5 apical and metathoracic board more darkened. The last tarsomeres yellow. Tegulae, alar venation and pterostigma brownish. Wings membrane uniformly slightly smoky, with iridescent sheen. T1 yellowish-brown, T2-T4 brown; T5 to T7 more darkened than the others. Sterna yellowish, the last two brownish.

Integument suface: similar to that of worker.

Pubescence: similar to the worker, except for the following characters: plumose pilosity densest on face; thinner and shorter setae on mesosome; setae of mesoscutum disc notably shorter, sparser and thinner, with few interspersed darkened setae; setae of the scutellum notably thinner and sparse, fully whitish; band of tiny setae on posterior board of T1 to T3 pale yellow; erect setae longer, thick and darkened from T4 to the tip of metasoma; erect setae on the sides of terga.

Measurements (mm): Body length: 5.00. Head width: 1.8. Head approximately 1.2? wider than long (1.8: 1.4). Distance between the compound eye and medium ocelli 0.5. Interorbital distance maximum and minimum (1.5: 0.7). Clypeus 1.6? wider than long (0.73: 0.45). Scape approximately 4? longer than its median width (0.56: 0.14). Pedicel 1.1? wider than long (0.17: 0.15). Malar area with 0.05. Mesothoracic wing length: 4.3. Metathoracic tibia 3.5? longer than wide (1.4: 0.4). Metathoracic basitarsus 2.1? longer than wide (0.84: 0.4). Metasoma elongated as the worker one.

Lectotype conditions : quite dirty, the left prothoracic leg and right metathoracic tibia missing.

Label data: written with black ink: Brasil, S. Paulo, 631/156.

Queen. Physogastric queen (Figs 21 24). Color: Integument predominantly brown yellowish. Clypeus yellowish brown with outlines margin darkened. Labrum and mandibles yellowish brown. Mandibular condyles blackened. Antennae yellowish. Scape yellowish brown. Pronotal lobes blackish brown. Legs brown yellowish. Upper surface of femurs slightly darkened. Apical third of the lower surface of femurs blackened. Basal and apical margin of tibiae blackish. Metathoracic tibia with blackish spot on external face next to the posterior border. Tarsus yellow with basal edges blackened. Tegulae, wing venation and pterostigma dark brown. Wing membrane hyaline. Apical half of T1 and T2 dark brown. T3 with the apical half brown. T4 T6 brown yellowish. S1 S4 brown with yellowish sides. S5 brown in lighter shade than the other sterna.

Pubescence: malar area with few whitish and short setae. Simple and short setae on upper half of head (0.05 mm). Long, thick and semi-decumbent setae on clypeus and labrum interspersing the simple, thin, and dark brown, the longer on apical half of clypeus (0.14 mm). Greater abundance of setae near the apex of mesothoracic wings, the metathoracic with 5 hamuli. Trochanters with simple whitish hairs which are more abundant on lower face. Basal third of prothoracic femurs and basal half of the mesothoracic with simple whitish hairs on the underside. Metathoracic femurs with longer setae on basal and latero-anterior range to the apical region. Metathoracic tibiae and basitarsus with yellowish setae with brownish sheen; on tibiae, setae longer in the posterior border. Disk mesoscutum with sparse and long blackish simple setae (0.19 mm), interspersing the very abundant whitish setae, these later with a third of the length of the largest blackish setae. Mesepisternum (0.20 mm) and metepisternum (0.12 mm) with only simple hairs. Anterior margin of T1 with simple sparse whitish hair. Apical margins of terga with blackish, short and less abundant setae throughout their length. Apical half of T2 T5 with dark setae. T6 with blackish setae throughout its length. Pubescence on T3 with 0.19 mm; on T4 with 0.23 mm; T5 with 0.25 mm and T6 with 0.23 mm. Apical half of S1 S4 with simple and whitish setae. S5 with setae in its entire length.

Integument surface: Head, meso and metasoma entirely smooth and shiny. Vertex slightly elevated. Tibiae and basitarsus smooth between microtrichia.

Measurements (mm): Body length: 6.15. Head width: 1.57. Head about 1.28? wider than long (1.57: 1.22). Distance between medium ocelli and the compound eye: 0.43; interorbital distances maximum and minimum (1.15: 1.07). Clypeus 2.38? wider than long (0.81: 0.34). Malar area 0.14. Length of metathoracic coxae, trochanters, femurs, tibiae and basitarsus 0.66: 0.41: 1.15: 1.47: 0.65, respectively. Metathoracic tibiae 5? longer than wide (1.47: 0.29). Metathoracic basitarsus 5.4? longer than wide (0.65: 0.12).

Specimen condition: good, with a loose antenna preserved in alcohol.

Label data: Scaura tenuis , Nova Xavantina MT 9/12, Rainha F., Mateus leg, Nova Xavantina, Nov/2012, Rainha Scaura tenuis .