Filago, Linnaeus (1753:, 1199

Andrés-Sánchez, Santiago, Martínez-Ortega, M. Montserrat & Rico, Enrique, 2016, Typifications and a new name in Filago (Gnaphalieae, Asteraceae), Phytotaxa 243 (3), pp. 281-290 : 282-285

Typifications in Filago

Evax argentea Pomel (1874: 41) ≡ Filago argentea (Pomel 1874: 41) Chrtek & Holub (1963: 3) Lectotype (designated here): ― ALGERIA. O. Djebel Amour: El Beida. Pomel s.n. ( MPU004851 ! MPU-MAIRE).

Additional specimens examined: ― ALGERIA. O. Nador de Tiaret, Pomel s.n. (syntype MPU004850 ! MPU-MAIRE) ; O. Hauts Plateaux à Arbaouat, Pomel s.n. (syntypes MPU004852 ! MPU-MAIRE; P00084033 photo!) .

Protologue citation: ― “Hautes steppes: El Beida, Nador de Tiaret, Arbaouet”.

Evax argentea var. brachycarpa Maire (1929: 24) = Filago argentea (Pomel 1874: 41) Chrtek & Holub (1963: 3) Lectotype (designated here): ― MOROCCO. Prope Camp. Marchand, solo arenaceo nec non calcareo, 22 april 1925, Maire s.n. (MPU002015! MPU-MAIRE).

Additional specimens examined: ― MOROCCO. Aguelmous, 1100 m, sur les quartzites, May 1927, Weiller s.n. (syntype MPU 002014! MPU-MAIRE).

Protologue citation: ― “Hab. in pascuis aridis Imperii Maroccani occidentalis: prope oppidum Marchand (Maire, 1925); prope oppidum Aguelmous (Jahandiez et Weiller, 1927)”.

Evax asteriscifolia var. minor Nyman ex Coutinho (1913: 616) = Filago carpetana ( Lange 1862: 69) Chrtek & Holub (1963: 3)

Lectotype (designated here): ― PORTUGAL. Près de Faro, 8-IV-1853, Bourgeau 2078b ( COI0035615 !).

Additional specimens examined: ― PORTUGAL. Près de Faro, 8-IV-1853, Bourgeau 2078b (isolectotype P!). Protologue citation: ― “Bourg. Hisp.-lusit. 2078b Algarb.”.

Evax carpetana Lange (1862: 69) ≡ Filago carpetana ( Lange 1862: 69) Chrtek & Holub (1963: 3)

Lectotype (designated here): ― SPAIN. Madrid, in reg. subalp. Mont. Carpetan. supra pagum Guadarrama, 24 June 1852, Lange s.n. ( C10007377 !)

Additional specimens examined: ― SPAIN. Madrid, in reg. subalp. Mont. Carpetan. supra pagum Guadarrama, 24 June 1852, Lange s.n. (isolectotype P! Herb. E. Cosson; COI00035620 !) ; Madrid, Pinar de Guadarrama , 24 June 1852, Lange s.n. (syntype C10007379 !) ; Madrid, Sierra de Guadarrama , 21 June 1852, Lange s.n. (syntype C10007380 !) ; Madrid, Sierra de Guadarrama ad limit sup. pinorum, 24 June 1852, Lange s.n. (syntype G00035534 !) ; Madrid, in collibus ad Escorial, 20 June 1852 Lange s.n. (syntype C10007378 !) .

Protologue citation: ― “In locis siccis regionis montanae montium Carpetanorum: Escorial, Puerto de Guadarrama”.

Evax cavanillesii Rouy (1884: 557) , nom. illeg. (Art. 52.1) ≡ Evax cavanillesii var. castellana Rouy (1884: 557) = Filago carpetana ( Lange 1862: 69) Chrtek & Holub (1963: 3)

Lectotype (designated here): ― Illustration in Cavanilles, Icon. 1: tab. 36 (1791).

Epitype (designated here): ― SPAIN. Matritis, 1806, Lagasca s.n. (G00203492! G-DC).

Additional specimens examined: ― SPAIN. venit circa Matritium, 1807, Lagasca 33 ( G 00203491! G-DC).

Protologue citation: ― “ Filago pygmaea Cavan. ! Ic. I, p. 23, tab. 36, non L.”.

Note: ― Rouy in the protologue of E. cavanillesii indicated three varieties, i.e. E. cavanillesii var. castellana Rouy (1884: 557) , E. cavanillesii var. carpetana (Lange) Rouy (1884: 557) and E. cavanillesii var. gallica Rouy (1884: 557) . According to the protologue “var. castellana ” should be regarded as the type variety because it included the locality given for “ F. pygmaea sensu Cav. ”, the type of F. cavanillesii .

Rouy (1884) in the protologue of E. cavanillesii cited E. exigua (Smith in Sibthorp & Smith 1813: 207) Candolle (1836: 458) pro parte and explained that Candolle included several previously described species under this name [i.e., E. cavanillesii and Filago exigua Smith in Sibthorp & Smith (1813: 207)]. This author considered that the plants from the Iberian Peninsula and western France should be recognized as a new species he named E. cavanillesii . We choose the illustration in Cavanilles (1791) as the lectotype because it is the only element explicitly mentioned in the protologue by Rouy. Although there is extant material at Candolle’s herbarium (G-DC) that could be original for E. cavanillesii (sub E. exigua ) it is not sure that it was directly studied by Rouy. A sheet mentioned by Rouy (1884: 557) as E. cavanillesii var. castellana (the type variety, see above) collected by himself, was unfortunately not found. The illustration chosen as lectotype does not show details on the length of the indumentum of the achene, which is diagnostic for this taxon and allows distinguishing it from the closest relatives. Therefore an epitype is chosen to serve as an interpretative type for this name.

Evax cavanillesii var. amporitana Sennen (1911: 113) = Filago pygmaea Linnaeus (1753: 927)

Lectotype (designated here): ― SPAIN. Catalogne, Vilajuiga, terr. incultes, 24 april 1908, Sennen 964 ( BC32423 !).

Additional specimens examined: ― SPAIN. Catalogne, Vilajuiga , terrains incultes, 24 april 1908, Sennen 564 (syntypes BC32422 !; SEV212874 !; P! Herbier E. G. Camus; P! Herbier du Dr. Guétrot; MA123903 !; MA123858 !; MPU!; MPU! MPU-COSTE) .

Protologue citation: ― “Plaine de l’Ampourdan à Vilajuiga”.

Evax contracta Boissier (1849: 3) = Filago contracta ( Boissier 1849: 3) Chrtek & Holub (1963: 3) Lectotype (designated here): ― Arabia petraea, March 1846, Boissier s.n. (G00150124! G-BOISS).

Additional specimens examined: ― PERSIA.Ad fontes petroleum fundentes prope Dalechi, March 1842, Kotschy 968. (syntype G 00150123! G-BOISS).

Protologue citation: ― “Hab. In Arabia Petrea ad fines Palestinae (Boiss.), ad fontes petroli prope Dalechi Persiae australis Kotschy Nº 968”.

Note: ― Wagenitz (1980) indicated three sheets as syntypes. Two of them are preserved at G-BOISS and the third one at W. We choose G00150124 as the lectotype.

Evax desertorum Pomel (1874: 40) = Filago argentea (Pomel 1874: 41) Chrtek & Holub (1963: 3) Lectotype (designated here): ― ALGERIA. Mzab Metlili , April 1861, Pomel s.n. ( MPU004853 ! MPU-MAIRE).

Additional specimens examined: ― ALGERIA. Mzab Metlili, April 1861, Pomel s.n. (isolectotype P 00084036 photo!).

Protologue citation: ― “Sables des oueds sahariens: Metlili”.

Evax discolor var. micropodioides Willkomm (1847: 857) = Filago crocidion (Pomel 1874: 40) Chrtek & Holub (1963: 3)

Lectotype (designated here): ― SPAIN. In Sierra Nevada in glareosis calcareis regionis alpinae passim in valle barranco del Tesoro infra silvam la Cartajuela, 6000’, 7 August 1844, Willkomm s.n. ( COI00035630 ! COI-WILLKOMM).

Additional specimens examined: ― SPAIN. in Sierra Nevada in glareosis calcareis regionis alpinae passim in valle barranco del Tesoro infra silvam la Cartijuela, 6000’, 7 August 1844, Willkomm s.n. (isolectotypes BM000907368 !; P! Herb. Al. de Bunge , Herb. E. Cosson; P! Herb. E. Cosson) .

Protologue citation: ― “Hab. In Sierra Nevada in glareosis calcareis regionis alpinae passim, ac. in valle barranco del Tesoro infra silvam la Cartajuela ad alt. c. 6000’ Mense Augusto c. flor et fruct”.

Evax heldreichii Parlatore (1841: 183) = Filago discolor ( Candolle 1836: 459)Andrés-Sánchez & Galbany in Galbany-Casals et al. (2010: 1689)

Lectotype (designated here): ― ITALY. In aridis montosis. Species nova in Nebrodum Monte Pietrafucile, 24 June 1840, De Heldreich s.n. ( BM000907369 !).

Additional specimens examined: ― ITALY. In aridis montosis. Species nova in Nebrodum Monte Pietrafucile, 24 June 1840, De Heldreich s.n. (isolectotypes JE00015132 photo!; P!; P! Herbier E. Drake; P! Herbier E. Cosson) .

Protologue citation: ― “In saxosis calcareis elatioribus Siciliaea. Madonie a Pietrafucile invenit amicus Teodorus De Heldreich botanices egregious cultor”.

Evax lasiocarpa Lange ex Cutanda (1861: 403) = Filago carpetana ( Lange 1862: 69) Chrtek & Holub (1963: 3) Lectotype (designated here): ― SPAIN. Pinar de Guadarrama, 24 June 1852, Lange s.n. (MAF12174!).

Additional specimens examined: ― SPAIN. Pinar de Guadarrama , June, Lange s.n. (syntypes P!; C10007380 photo!; C10007378 photo!; K37386 !; G00035534 !) .

Protologue citation: ― “Pinar de Guadarrama, Junio”.

Evax linearifolia Pomel (1888: 333) = Filago argentea (Pomel 1874: 41) Chrtek & Holub (1963: 3) Lectotype (designated here): ― ALGERIA. O. Mostaganem, sables, Pomel s.n. ( MPU012852 ! MPU-MAIRE).

Additional specimens examined: ― ALGERIA. O. Mostaganem, sables, Pomel s.n. (isolectotype P 00084037 photo!).

Protologue citation: ― “Terrains sablonneux. Avril-mai. - Mostaganem ”.

Evax lusitanica Sampaio (1921: 161) ≡ Filago lusitanica (Sampaio) Silva (1964: 199)

Lectotype (designated here): ― PORTUGAL. Évora, 2 April 1915, G. Sampaio s.n. ( PO8569 !).

Additional specimens examined: ― PORTUGAL. Faro, 30 March 1913, G. Sampaio s.n. (syntype COI 00020452!).

Protologue citation: ― “In Transtagana et in Algarbiis. Nao é rara em certas localidades do Alentejo e do Algarve, como Vila Viçosa, Évora e Faro ”.

Evax mucronata Pomel (1888: 333) = Filago pygmaea Linnaeus (1753: 927)

Lectotype (designated here): ― ALGERIA. Oran, Pomel s.n. ( MPU012853 ! MPU-MAIRE).

Additional specimens examined: ― ALGERIA. Oran, Pomel s.n. (isolectotype P 00084039 photo!).

Protologue citation: ― “Lieux secs.—Avril-mai.—Plaines d’Oran”.

Evax psilantha Pomel (1888: 333) = Filago argentea (Pomel 1874: 41) Chrtek & Holub (1963: 3)

Lectotype (designated here): ― ALGERIA. Si Bou Saïd , Carthage, April 1877, Pomel s.n. ( MPU012850 ! MPU-MAIRE).

Additional specimens examined: ― ALGERIA. Si Bou Saïd, Carthage, April 1877, Pomel s.n. (isolectotype P 00084038 photo!).

Protologue citation: ― “Terrains secs. -Mai.—Carthage”.

Evax pygmaea var. maroccana Braun-Blanquet & Maire (1925: 35) = Filago gaditana ( Pau 1924: 340) Andrés-Sánchez & Galbany in Galbany-Casals et al. (2010: 1689)

Lectotype (designated here): ― MOROCCO. M. sables de la Mamora près de Sidi-Yaya, 31 March 1923, R. Maire s.n. ( MPU000116 ! MPU-MAIRE).

Additional specimens examined: ― MOROCCO. M. Sables de la Mamora près de Sidi-Yaya, 31 March 1923, R. Maire s.n. (isolectotype RAB 043299 photo!).

Protologue citation: ― “Hab. in arenosis Imperii maroccani occidentalis circa Kenitra, Sidi-Yaya, Salé, etc., martio florens”.

Evax pygmaea var. subvirescens Pau (1895: 141) = Filago pygmaea Linnaeus (1753: 927)

Lectotype (designated here): ― SPAIN. Cádiz , in pinetis Puerto de Santa María, 13 April 1895, C. Pau s.n. ( MA123907 !).

Additional specimens examined: ― SPAIN. Cádiz, in pinetis Puerto de Santa María, 13 April 1895, C. Pau s.n. (isolectotype BC 32424!)

Protologue citation: ― “pinares de Puerto de Santa María”.

Evax rotundata Moris (1841: 481) ≡ Filago tyrrhenica Chrtek & Holub (1963: 3)

Lectotype (designated here): ― ITALY. Sardegna, 1832, Moris s.n. ( P!).

Protologue citation: ― “Indigena delle isole intermedia fra Corsica e la Sardegna, fiorisce in Maggio”.