Rhodosoma turcicum ( Savigny, 1816 )

Lambert, Gretchen, Lee, Serina Siew-Chen & Teo, Serena Lay-Ming, 2021, Ascidians collected during the 2013 Singapore Strait International Marine Biodiversity Workshop, Zootaxa 4933 (1), pp. 1-38 : 16

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4933.1.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:56476487-ABC9-4C1C-A73F-D39E55DB9005
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4547910
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BB593765-FFA6-E73E-FF6C-FD56FB0AFB29
treatment provided by	Plazi (2021-02-18 07:13:21, last updated 2024-11-29 10:16:15)
scientific name	Rhodosoma turcicum ( Savigny, 1816 )
status

Treatment

Rhodosoma turcicum ( Savigny, 1816)

Figure 6A View FIGURE 6

This small species is instantly recognizable because of the two short siphons very close together at the anterior end, colored either yellow or reddish, that can be covered by the closure of a lid composed of both body wall and tunic, its closure controlled by strong heavy muscles when the animal is disturbed. The closure is quick and includes both the mantle and the overlying tunic which is closely attached to the body. The tunic is frequently covered with epibionts so that when the siphons are closed and covered it is very cryptic. Unlike most members of the Corellidae , the stigmata are straight.

#0151, a single specimen about 3 cm in length.

Worldwide distribution in warm waters: China, Indonesia, Philippines, Singapore, Guam, Thailand, Gulf of Siam, Australia, New Caledonia, Sri Lanka, Mozambique, Somalia, Chile, India, Indonesia, Japan, Red Sea, Israel (Mediterranean), Florida, Caribbean, Brazil.

Detailed descriptions: Van Name (1945), Kott (1985), Nishikawa (1991), Meenakshi & Renganathan (1997), Lee et al. (2013). Additional references: Tokioka (1970), Millar (1975, 1988), Nishikawa (1986), Monniot C. (1983a, 1991a, 1997), Lambert (2003), Rocha et al. (2005, 2012), Shenkar & Loya (2009), Lee et al. (2016).

References

Kott, P. (1985) The Australian Ascidiacea part 1, Phlebobranchia and Stolidobranchia. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 23, 1 - 440.

Lambert, G. (2003) Marine biodiversity of Guam: the Ascidiacea. Micronesica, 35 - 36, 588 - 597.

Lee, S. S. - C., Teo, S. L. - M. & Lambert, G. (2013) New records of solitary ascidians on artificial structures in Singapore waters. Marine Biodiversity Records, 6, 1 - 18. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 1755267213000638

Lee, S. S. - C., Chan, J. Y-H., Teo, S. L. - M. & Lambert, G. (2016) State of knowledge of ascidian diversity in South China Sea and new records for Singapore. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, Supplement 34, 718 - 743.

Meenakshi, V. K. & Renganathan, T. K. (1997) On the occurrence of a rare simple ascidian, Rhodosoma turcicum (Savigny, 1816) from India. Geobios new Reports, 16, 152 - 153.

Millar, R. H. (1975) Ascidians from the Indo-West-Pacific region in the Zoological Museum, Copenhagen (Tunicata, Ascidiacea). Steenstrupia, 3, 205 - 336.

Millar, R. H. (1988) Ascidians collected during the International Indian Ocean Expedition. Journal of Natural History, 22, 823 - 848. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222938800770541

Nishikawa, T. (1986) Ascidians from the Gilbert and Solomon Islands and Nauru. I. Perophoridae, Ascidiidae and Corellidae. Proceedings of the Japanese Society of Systematic Zoology, 32, 30 - 78.

Nishikawa, T. (1991) The ascidians of the Japan Sea. II. Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory, 35, 25 - 170. https: // doi. org / 10.5134 / 176172

Savigny, J. C. (1816) Memoires sur les animaux sans vertebres. Part 2. G. Dufour, Paris, 239 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 125513

Shenkar, N. & Loya, Y. (2009) Non-indigenous ascidians (Chordata: Tunicata) along the Mediterranean coast of Israel. Marine Biodiversity Records, 2, 1 - 7. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 1755267209990753

Tokioka, T. (1970) Ascidians from Mindoro Islands, the Philippines. Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory, 18, 75 - 107. https: // doi. org / 10.5134 / 175626

Van Name, W. G. (1945) The North and South American ascidians. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 84, 1 - 476.

Figures

FIGURE 6. A: Rhodosoma turcicum 3 cm in length; B–D: Ecteinascidia nexa zooid 3 mm in length. B: living zooid; C, D same zooid preserved. C: right side; D: left side. E: Ecteinascidia thurstoni, two zooids 6 mm in length; F: Perophora modificata, scale bar 4 mm; G: Perophora multiclathrata 3 mm in diameter.