Eurytoma maura, BOHEMAN, 1836

Delvare, Gérard, Gebiola, Marco, Zeiri, Asma & Garonna, A. P., 2014, Revision and phylogeny of the European species of the Eurytoma morio species group (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae), parasitoids of bark and wood boring beetles, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 171 (2), pp. 370-421 : 399-400

EURYTOMA MAURA BOHEMAN, 1836

( FIG. 21A–H )

Eurytoma maura Boheman, 1836: 243 . Original description. Sweden.

Eurytoma auricoma Mayr, 1878: 301–304 . Original description. Austria.

Bruchophagus maurus (Boheman) : Ferrière, 1950: 393; Noyes, 2002.

Eurytoma maura Boheman : Boucˇek & Graham, 1978: 225; Noyes, 2013.

= Eurytoma auricoma Mayr, 1878 syn. nov.

Type material

No remnants of the type series of E. maura exist. In the Museum of Zoology, Lund University, there are three pins under the name E. maura , but two of them bear only small remains and were not sent to us ( R. Danielson, pers. comm.). The remaining specimen does not agree with the concept of the species according to Ferrière (1950: 394), who reported a pair of specimens (1 ♀, 1 ♂), labelled ‘Gott.’, which were used for the redescription of the species. In addition, Ferrière noted that the male was different and selected the female as the ‘type’ (virtually a lectotype). He also wrote that the other female, labelled ‘OG’ and ‘Bhn’ was quite different. This female, which was sent to G.D., belongs to the appendigaster species group and is certainly different from the original material of Boheman, who mentioned in the original description ‘thorace parcius et subtilius punctato’. Eurytoma auricoma Mayr. Lectotype ♀, designated by Boucˇek and validated here, labelled ‘11/4878 ex Hyles Fraxini’ (Mayr’s handwriting)/ ‘Eur. auricoma’ (manuscript but different writing)/ ‘Collect. G. Mayr’ (printed)/(♀ lectotype Eurytoma auricoma Mayr det Z. Boucek, 1978’ (in Boucˇek’s handwriting) (in MNHW ). The syntype series of E. auricoma includes two other syntypes labelled ‘11/2878 ex P. nigricans Hyl. minor (Harball) ’, which belongs to E. arctica .

Remarks

Ferrière (1950) followed the interpretation of Thomson concerning this species. He hence acted as the first reviser and was followed by Boucˇek & Graham (1978). Later, Hedqvist (1963) followed by Zerova (1995, 2010) interpreted the species as a senior synonym of E. arctica . This is in contradiction with Ferrière’s interpretation and original description. We therefore follow Ferrière, in accordance with Boucˇek & Graham (1978). Eurytoma auricoma was synonymized with E. arctica by Ferrière (1950). According to the present type designation it is actually a junior synonym of E. maura .

Diagnosis

Female head long and globose, 1.60 times as wide as long, with very convex frons. Head roundish in frontal view with outline of genae clearly convex. Genae with coriaceous, almost smooth stripe behind malar sulcus. Clypeus not emarginate. Lower face entirely strigose, with radiating crests reaching eyes and antennal toruli. Setation dense but not very thick. Vertex with fine, mostly coriaceous sculpture. Ocelli small, OOL greater than ocelli diameter. Funicular segments fairly short, F3–F5 hardly longer than broad to subquadrate. Clava narrowly rounded at apex. Pronotum finely and sparsely punctured, the points rounded, interspaces distinctly coriaceous. Interspaces narrower on mesonotum but still coriaceous. Median channel of propodeum incomplete. Metacoxa bare dorsally at base. Setation on lower surface of costal cell as usual, not especially dense, with broad bare posterior stripe. Marginal vein not thickened, at least 6.0 times as long as wide. Petiole short with conical mediodorsal tooth. Gaster relatively short, shorter than in E. arctica or E. morio , with mediodorsal length of syntergum as long as GT6. Ovipositor not greatly ascending.

Male scape with a small apicoventral swelling. Funicular segments elongate, the basal hardly asymmetric, F4 and F5 symmetric with short apical peduncle.

Hosts

Collected on dead trunks of deciduous or, rarely, coniferous trees, and frequently on logs. We reared specimens from Olea europaea and Fraxinus excelsior branches infested by Phloeotribus scarabaeoides (new host). It was quoted by Mendel (1986) from Scolytus multistriatus (Marsham, 1802) and Scolytus rugulosus (Muller, 1818) . The type of E. auricoma was reared from Hylesinus fraxini (Panzer, 1779) .

Distribution

Because of the confused taxonomy of this species it is impossible to take into account the data from the litterature. The distribution based on examined specimens appears in Appendix S4 and Figure S6 of Appendix S7.

Figures

Figure 6. A–F, Eurytoma (continued). Eurytoma melanoneura (A); Eurytoma striolata (B, D); Eurytoma maura (C); Eurytoma morio (E); Eurytoma ithma sp. nov. (F). A, B, costal cell of forewing; C, D, apical venation of forewing; E, pronotum and mesoscutum, F, male antenna.

Figure 21. A–H, Eurytoma maura: A–G, female; H, male. A, head in frontal view; B, head in dorsal view; C, vertex; D, antenna; E, mesosoma in dorsal view; F, propodeum; G, gaster in lateral view; H, antenna.