Bengalia emarginata Malloch, 1927

Rognes, Knut, 2009, Revision of the Oriental species of the Bengalia peuhi speciesgroup (Diptera, Calliphoridae), Zootaxa 2251 (1), pp. 1-76 : 17-21

1. Bengalia emarginata Malloch, 1927

Figs. 6–25 , 173 , 187 , 199 , 211–213 .

Holotype male, Singapore ( BMNH), by original designation. For details see Type material below.

Bengalia latro: Bezzi, 1913: 78 . Misidentification, not latro de Meijere. Taiwan (Tainan). Examined.

Note. Bezzi wrote about latro : “Ich rechne zu dieser javanischen Art einige Exemplare aus Tainan, Formosa (H. Sauter) in der Sammlung des Herrn Dr. J. Escher-Kündig aus Zürich …”. This refers to two males in ETHZ which I have examined, see below under Material examined. Malloch (1927: 414) received one of the specimens from Bezzi subsequent to the publication of Bezzi’s paper and thought it was the same as his own emarginata .

Bengalia latro: Surcouf, 1920: 39 . Misidentification, not latro de Meijere. A male identified as latro by Surcouf has been examined (see Note). Taiwan (Toyenmongai).

Note. A specimen in MSNM which also served as holotype for the nominal species Afridigalia bezziella Lehrer, 2005 (given an entry below), carries a handwritten determination label (with three ruled lines inside a black frame) reading “ Bengalia latro / De Meijere” ( Fig. 24 ) which very likely is written by Surcouf. I think this is a specimen that was before Surcouf (1920: 39), singly or with others, when he referred to and described some features of a species he named “ B. latro ”. It has the same type of label and the same handwriting as on Bezzi’s specimen of Bengalia bezzii from Trichinopoly, which Surcouf compared with the type of Musca varicolor (see annotations to the synonymy of Bengalia varicolor below).

This specimen, possibly originally part of the MNHN collections, may have been given to Bezzi from Surcouf as a return favour for letting him study Bezzi’s collection for his “ Muscidae testaceae” studies.

There is no evidence that Surcouf (1920) studied type material of latro de Meijere (he did not mention RMNH or ZMAN among the collections he had access to). But he studied material in MNHN and it is possible that his determinations are the basis for the arrangement in the MNHN collections. Four of six specimens still in MNHN under “ latro ” belong to emarginata , the other two to emarginatoides ; none of these specimens carry any label written by Surcouf, however. See entry under Séguy (1946) below.

For more details on the communication between Bezzi and Surcouf, see entry for Bezzi (1913) in the synonymy of Bengalia varicolor , below.

Bengalia emarginata Malloch, 1927: 412 , fig. 15 (ST5 flap). Holotype male, by original designation, Singapore (BMNH). Examined.

Bengalia latro: Hennig, 1941: 180 . Misidentification, not latro de Meijere. Taiwan. Examined.

Bengalia varicolor: Hennig, 1941: 80 (in part; but see also treatment of Bengalia varicolor below). Misidentification, not varicolor Fabricius. Taiwan. Examined.

Bengalia latro: Séguy, 1946: 83 . Misidentification, not latro de Meijere. Taiwan, Laos. Examined.

Note. Kurahashi & Chowanadisai (2001: 201) assumed, by putting Séguy’s latro reference in their synonymy of bezzii , that Séguy’s specimens were actually bezzii , but that is an error. I have examined all six “ latro ” specimens present in MNHN, and none are bezzii (and none are latro de Meijere ). One male and 2 females from Taiwan and 1 male from Laos (both localities published by Séguy 1946) belong to emarginata Malloch , whereas 2 males from Sri Lanka (not published by Séguy 1946) belong to emarginatoides ; see treatment of that species, below.

Bengalia emarginata: James, 1977: 530 . Catalogue entry as [erroneous] synonym under Bengalia varicolor (Fabricius) .

Bengalia emarginata: Tumrasvin et al., 1979: 259 , Plate 1 fig. 1 (ST5 flap), Plate 2 fig. 17 (aedeagus in profile), Plate 3 fig. 27 (cerci, surstyli, epandrium in profile), Plate 4 fig. 39 (cerci, surstyli, dorsal view). Thailand.

Bengalia emarginata: Fan, 1992: 532 , fig. 1109i. China (Fujian, Guangxi, Hainan).

Bengalia emarginata: Kurahashi & Thapa, 1994: 217 , fig. 8b (ST5 flap). Nepal.

Bengalia emarginata: Fan, 1997: 452 , fig. 140i. China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan).

Bengalia emarginata: Feng et al., 1998: 1378 , fig. 2818Jv (ST5 flap). China (Fujian, Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan), Taiwan .

Bengalia emarginata: Kurahashi & Chowanadisai, 2001: 202 . Laos, Vietnam.

Afridigalia bezziella Lehrer, 2005: 29 . Holotype male, by original designation, Taiwan (Toyenmongai) (MSNM). Examined. Syn. nov.

Note. ST5 flap (fig. 10A) with small concavity and shallow gutter in distal half of both lateral edges.

Bengalia emarginata: Verves, 2005: 238 . Catalogue entry.

Afridigalia bezziella: Lehrer, 2006a: 7 . Taiwan.

Afridigalia emarginata: Lehrer 2006a: 7 . Specimen from Taiwan only. Examined.

Bengalia emarginata: Heo et al., 2008: 263 . Malaysia (Malaya). Not examined.

Diagnosis. Male. Length 12–14mm. Frons at vertex / head width ratio: 0.325 –0.342 (mean 0.333, n=6). Fronto-orbital plate without proclinate orbital setae. Lunula setose in most specimens. Anepimeron with numerous black setulae on almost all of upper half, a few black setulae reaching katepisternum. Fore tibia in basal half with a ventral row of even and very short spine-like setae ( Fig. 173 ). Mid tibia with a prominent pv fringe distally, its longest setae about 3x as long as tibial diameter. Hind tibia with dense fringe of long thin setae on av, v and pv side occupying almost the whole length of the tibia, except for the basal 1/5.

ST5 flap ( Figs. 12 , 15, 19, 23 ) with rounded outline, slightly broader than long, with a distal emargination and small concavities on the distal half of the lateral margins. The latter bent downwards to some extent, forming a kind of shallow gutter on each side, and best observed edge-on. The gutter is more densely microtrichiose than the remainder of the flap.

Cerci broad and strong in dorsal aspect, curved distally in lateral view. Lateral edge straight in dorsal view, with no narrowing at the junction of the basal (fused) and distal (free) parts ( Fig. 10 ). [In B. emarginatoides the cerci are conspicuously narrowed in this region and the distal parts much narrower.] Surstylus without vestiture below. Process of bacilliform sclerite with a base about as long as the free upturned point ( Fig. 11 ) [in B. emarginatoides with a longer base than point ( Fig. 31 )].

Distiphallus with prominent dorsolateral wings. Antlers very narrow and directed dorsally, with 2–6 points at tip. Basal tooth present or absent ( Figs. 9 , 16, 17 ). In dorsal view the upper lip is projecting beyond the base of the antlers and its distal edge transverse. The lip is flat as seen from in front, and narrower than or equal to distance between bases of antlers ( Figs. 6, 14 ). [In B. emarginatoides the lip is much broader and its lateral ends are lateral to the antler bases ( Figs. 26, 34 ).] In profile view the lateral wall of the upper lip at its junction with the base of the antler has an almost vertical anterior border and an angular upper corner ( Fig. 9 ). [In B. emarginatoides the corresponding area is different, the lateral wall of the upper lip being evenly oblique.] Lateral finger very small and tiny, in ventral view of distiphallus not passing beyond the lateral-most parts of the folded distal part of the external hypophallic lobe ( Fig. 7 , l. f.). Anterior edge of vertical sclerotised sheet with a right-angled serrated protrusion a little above lateral finger ( Fig. 8 ). [In B. emarginatoides the anterior edge is serrated but not produced into a right angle, rather quite even all the way to the lateral finger ( Fig. 33 ).] Internal hypophallic lobes slightly converging towards anterior end. External hypophallic lobe folded distally and here produced ventrally into a spatulate ventral finger curving downwards and forwards towards the midline.

Female. Length 13–15mm (n=5). Frons at vertex / head width ratio: 0.338 –0.350 (mean 0.344, n=5). 1–2 pairs of proclinate orbital setae. Anepimeron with numerous black setulae in upper part, a few black setulae among yellow ones reaching katepisternum. ST2 long, with a pair of strong marginal spine-like setae; ST3 very short and even broader than ST2, with a row of about 4 short strong marginal spine-like setae though of somewhat variable strength; ST4 still broad, but longer than ST3 and with row of 4–6 strong marginal spinelike setae; ST5 triangular, about as broad as long, blunt distally, and usually with a pair of spine-like setae near tip ( Fig. 212 ). Ovipositor as in Figs. 211, 213 .

Distribution. China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Yunnan), Laos, Malaysia, Nepal,

Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam.

Material examined. Type material. Bengalia emarginata Malloch, 1927 . Holotype male, in BMNH, labelled: (1) “Holo- / type” [printed on circular label with red margin]; (2) “ Singapore / May 1924 / Coll.” [printed, except “24” which is handwritten]; (3) “ Bengalia / emarginata / Type / Det. / J.R.Malloch” [handwritten except two last lines; label framed with black line]; (4) “Pres. By / Imp.Bur.Ent / Brit. Mus. / 1929 – 61” [printed, label with text facing down]; (5) “Abdomen and dissected / genitalia on separate pin / K. Rognes 3.vii.2008 ” [printed] ( Fig. 18 ). Right hind leg loose in box at reception, accident with left hind tibia. Both glued on to the plastic stage carrying the specimen. Dissected by K. R. Abdominal T1–5 glued to card on separate pin, genitalia in glycerol in glass vial on this second pin. Second pin labelled “ HOLOTYPE / Singapore May 1924 / Bengalia emarginata / Malloch, 1927 / Abdomen dissected by / K. Rognes 3.vii.2008 ” [printed]. The ST5 flap ( Fig. 15 ) is clearly shaped as the one figured by Lehrer for his bezziella ( Lehrer, 2005: 31, fig. 10A). Distally on the lateral edge there is a small concavity, as seen directly from above, which is shaped like a slight depression (shallow gutter), as seen directly from the side or from in front edge-on, and which has a large amount of microtrichiae. Lehrer, who did not study the type of emarginata , must have been misled by Malloch’s inaccurate drawing of the ST5 flap ( Malloch, 1927: fig. 15), which shows a completely even lateral edge. Lehrer therefore has re-described Malloch’s emarginata as bezziella Lehrer and misidentified specimens of emarginatoides as emarginata (see below). In the aedeagus both antlers of the holotype have a small tooth at base, and five tags at the tip ( Figs. 16, 17 ), the left antler also with a suggestion of a sixth tag. The anterior serrated edge of vertical sclerotised sheet angulated ( Fig. 17 , lower right).

Afridigalia bezziella Lehrer, 2005 . Holotype male, in MSNM, labelled: (1) “ Formosa / Toyenmongai”; (2) “ Bengalia latro / De Meijere” [black-rimmed label with three thin ruled black lines in Surcouf’s handwriting]; (3) “latro” [printed museum label]; (4) “ Bengalia ♂ / bezziana [sic] Lehrer, sp.n. / Det. Dr. A. Z. LEHRER / XII.2004 ” [printed]; (5) “ Bengalia ♂ / bezziana [sic] Lehrer, sp.n. / Det. Dr. A. Z. LEHRER / XII.2004 ” [printed]; (6) “ HOLOTYPUS ” [black print on white label, latter glued to larger red label]; (7) “Published as / Afridigalia bezziella / Lehrer, 2005: 29 / K. Rognes 23.vi.2008 ” [printed] ( Figs. 24, 25 ); (8) My determination label ( emarginata Malloch ). Dissected by Lehrer. I have transferred the genital parts in glycerol from original large opaque plastic vial to a glass microvial pinned below the specimen. The specimen was partly destroyed in the mail at reception (but not the genitalia in the plastic vial). I have glued the wings, abdomen and both fore legs (without tarsi), one mid leg (without tarsus) and one hind leg to a card on a separate pin labelled “From holotype of / Afridigalia bezziella Lehrer, 2005 / Labelled as / Bengalia bezziana Lehrer n. sp. / Crushed in accident in mail / K. Rognes 23.vi.2008 ”. In the aedeagus the right antler is broken midway but the left is intact (figured by Lehrer). The genitalia are embedded in glycerol jelly which has not dissolved in glycerol and which creates lines and artifacts in the microscope. The ST5 flap ( Fig. 23 ) and other genital features clearly identifies the holotype as conspecific with the holotype of Bengalia emarginata Malloch.

Other material. BMNH: 1 male labelled (1) “Formosa I / Sauter Rlle” [black ink handwriting]; (2) “det. Baranoff” [printed]; (3) “coll. Oldenberg” [print]; (4) “ Bengalia / varicolor / Fbr.” [blue ink handwriting]; (5) “In exchange / Deuts. Ent. Inst. / B.M.1939-70” [printed]; (6) “ Afridigalia ♂ / emarginata (Malloch) / Det. Dr. A. Z. LEHRER / 2004” [print]; (7) “ Afridigalia ♂ / emarginata (Malloch) / Det. Dr. A. Z. LEHRER / 2004” [print]; (8) My determination label ( emarginata Malloch ). “Rlle” must be same as Rolle in “gekft von Rolle” see below under specimens from ETHZ. I have transferred the genital capsule plus the ST5 and ST5 flap to a glass microvial. In the distiphallus both antlers are lost and on the right side the loss of the antler also involves the vertical sclerotised sheet so that its anterior border is absent. On the left side this sheet is visible. The upper lip and its sidewalls are also intact. This specimen has been published by Lehrer (2006a: 7) as “ Afridigalia emarginata ”, but Lehrer’s concept of this nominal species = emarginatoides sp. nov. He listed it together with material of the latter species from “Ceylan” and “Inde”. However, the specimen does not belong to emarginatoides but is a typical true emarginata Malloch (= bezziella Lehrer ), as indicated by the broad cerci, the right-angled denticulate anterior border of the vertical sclerotised sheet, by the upper lip being with almost identical original labels, which he has identified as Afridigalia bezziella Lehrer (= B. emarginata Malloch ), probably correctly, since it fits in with the known distribution of this species. I have not seen that specimen. CDPCAG: 1 male labelled (1) “Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Anshun City, Guizhou, China / Laogaocun Village, Guanling County, Guizhou, 700m / coll. Wei Lianmeng et al. leg / 20 March 2008 ” [In Chinese]; (2) “C068 … [Chinese name for B. emarginata ] / Bengalia emarginata / Malloch, / 1927 ♂ ” [male symbol in red]; (3) My determination label ( emarginata Malloch ). Dissected by Wei Lianmeng, genitalia in alcohol in plastic vessel with lid, numbered “108”. ETHZ: 1 male labelled (1) “Tainan / Formosa” [handwritten on white paper with blue crossed lines 5mm apart]; (2) “ Bengalia / latro / ♂ Meij.” [handwritten on old brown paper]; (3) upper side: “ Bengalia / latro / ♂ Meig. [sic]” [handwritten on same type of paper as label no. 1]; reverse side: “13230?” [handwritten in pencil, referring to number in the museum journal for the Escher-Kündig collection]; (4) My determination label ( emarginata Malloch ). 1 male labelled (1) “Tainan / Formosa” [handwritten on white paper with printed blue crossed lines 5mm apart]; (2) “ Bengalia / latro / ♂ Meig. [sic]” [handwritten on same type of paper as label no. 1]; (3) “13231” [handwritten in ink on small label, typical of specimens in the Escher-Kündig collection, referring to number in the museum journal for this collection]; (4) My determination label ( emarginata Malloch ). Dissected by K. R. According to the ETHZ museum journal both specimens were bought from a person named Rolle (“gekft von Rolle”; cf. entry page for 1912 / 9, reference nos. 13230 and 13231, in museum journal). The specimens are obviously the ones Bezzi (1913: 78) wrote about under Bengalia latro : “Ich rechne zu dieser javanischen Art einige Exemplare aus Tainan, Formosa (H. Sauter) in der Sammlung des Herrn Dr. J. Escher-Kündig aus Zürich …”. MNHN: 1 male labelled (1) “ LAOS / Na Leu [handwritten] / le 17-III 1918 [handwritten, except “le” and “191”] / R. Vitalis de Salvaza [printed]”; (2) My determination label ( emarginata Malloch ). The specimen has been dissected by K. R. and carries one leg and the abdominal tergites glued to a card below the specimen. The genitalia are kept in a glass microvial pinned below the card. 1 male labelled (1) “Formosa / Sauter” [printed]; (2) “Kosempo / 908. II” [printed, except “II” which is handwritten]; (3) “ Bengalia / latro / de Meijere” [handwritten]; (4) “J. VILLENEUVE det.” [printed]; (5) My determination label ( emarginata Malloch ). 1 female labelled (1) “Formosa / Sauter” [printed]; (2) “Polisha / 908. III.” [printed]; (3) “J. VILLENEUVE det.” [printed]; (4) My determination label ( emarginata Malloch ). 2 pairs of proclinate orbitals. 1 female labelled (1) “MUSEUM PARIS [printed] / Formose [handwritten] / Coll. E. SÉGUY 1919” [printed]; (2) My determination label ( emarginata Malloch ). 1 pair of proclinate orbitals. MSNM: 1 male labelled (1) “Los Banos / P.I.Baker”; (2) “ Bengalia ♂ / bezziana [sic] Lehrer, sp. n. / Det. Dr. A. Z. LEHRER / XII.2004 ”; (3) “Published as / Afridigalia bezziella / Lehrer, 2005: 29 / K. Rognes 23.vi.2008 ” ( Figs. 19, 20 ); (4) My determination label ( emarginata Malloch ). “P. I. Baker” translates to: Philippine Islands, Baker leg. Specimen has been dissected and published by Lehrer (2005: 30), as Afridigalia bezziella . Both fore tarsi, left mid leg, right hind leg and four distal tarsomeres of left hind leg are lost. All abdominal tergites are in situ. The main part of the ST5 flap is glued to a piece of card on the pin ( Fig. 19 ). Other genital parts in glycerol have been transferred by K. R. from original big plastic vial to glass vial on pin. Antlers of aedeagus are broken at base, but aedeagal upper lip, other genital features (e.g., narrow antlers) and shape of ST5 flap ( Fig. 19 ) are clearly identifiable as belonging to the species Bengalia emarginata Malloch. First record from the Philippines. SDEI (most of the specimens have previously been published by Hennig (1941) as latro and / or varicolor , and all have been given my determination label ( emarginata Malloch ): 1 male labelled (1) “Anping / Formosa / H. Sauter V. 12” [printed, except “V. 12” which is handwritten]. 1 female labelled (1) “Chip-Chip / Formosa / H. Sauter 09” [printed, except “09” which is handwritten]; (2) “Villeneuve det.” [printed]. 1 female labelled (1) “Formosa / Sauter” [handwritten]; (2) “coll. Oldenberg” [printed]; (3) “det. Baranoff” [printed]; (4) “ Bengalia / varicolor / Fabr.” [handwritten]. 4 females labelled (1) “Formosa I / Sauter” [handwritten]; (2) “coll. Oldenberg” [printed]; (3) “det. Baranoff” [printed]; (4) “ Bengalia / varicolor / Fabr.” [handwritten]. 1 male labelled (1) “Fuhosho / Formosa / H. Sauter / VII 09” [printed, except “VII 09” which is handwritten]; (2) “ Bengalia / latro de Meij. / Villeneuve det.” [handwritten, “Fuhosho / Formosa / H. Sauter / VII 09” [printed, except “VII 09” which is handwritten]; (2) “Villeneuve det.” [printed]. 1 male labelled (1) “Fuhosho / Formosa / H. Sauter / VII 09” [printed, except “VII 09” which is handwritten]. 1 female labelled (1) “Fuhosho / Formosa / H. Sauter / VII 09” [printed, except “VII 09” which is handwritten]; (2) “Villeneuve det.” [printed]. 1 male labelled (1) “Gebiet des Sh’sha /stammes (Formosa) / H. Sauter V.-VI.1912 ” [printed]; (2) “Townsend det.” [printed]. 1 male labelled (1) “Kankau (Formosa) / H. Sauter / VII.”; (2) “coll. Oldenberg” [printed]; (3) “Townsend det.” [printed]. 1 male labelled (1) “Kankau (Formosa) / H. Sauter / VII.”; (2) “Townsend det.” [printed]. 1 male labelled (1) “Kankau (Koshun) / Formosa / H. Sauter / V.1912 ” [printed; “V” is handwritten, the original printed “IV” is crossed out]; (2) “coll. Oldenberg” [printed]; (3) “Townsend det.” [printed]; (4) “ Bengalia / latro Meij. ” [handwritten]. 1 male labelled (1) “Kankau (Koshun) / Formosa / H. Sauter … 1912” [printed, “IV” crossed out]; (2) “7.VII.” [printed]; (3) “Townsend det.” [printed]; (4) “ Bengalia / latro Mj. ♂ / Det CHTT” [handwritten, except last line which is printed]. 4 males labelled (1) “Kankau (Koshun) / Formosa / H. Sauter … 1912” [printed, “V” crossed out]; (2) “7.VII.” [printed]; (3) “Townsend det.” [printed]. 1 male labelled (1) “Kankau (Koshun) / Formosa / H. Sauter … 1912” [printed, “V” crossed out]; (2) “7.VII.” [printed]. 1 female labelled (1) “Kankau (Koshun) / Formosa / H. Sauter 1912” [printed]; (2) “7.VII.” [printed]; (3) “ Bengalia / latro Mj. ♀ / Det CHTT” [handwritten, except last line which is printed]. 1 female labelled (1) “Kankau (Koshun) / Formosa / H. Sauter 1912” [printed]; (2) “7.VII.” [printed]; (3) “Townsend det.” [printed]. 1 female labelled (1) “Kankau (Formosa) / H. Sauter VII. 1912 ” [printed]; “coll. Oldenberg” [printed]; “det. Baranoff” [printed]; (4) “ Bengalia / varicolor / Fabr.” [handwritten]. 1 female labelled (1) “Kanshirei / Formosa / H. Sauter VIII 08” [printed, except “VIII 08” which is handwritten]; (2) “Villeneuve det.” [printed]. 1 female labelled (1) “Kosempo / Formosa / Sauter XI 08” [printed, except “XI 08” which is handwritten]; (2) “Villeneuve det.” [printed]. 1 female labelled (1) “Kosempo / Formosa / Sauter VII 09” [printed, except “VII” which is handwritten]; (2) “Villeneuve det.” [printed]. 1 male labelled (1) “Kosempo / Formosa / H. Sauter V.12” [printed, except “V.12” which is handwritten]; (2) Red label with handwritten “Tachin” on upper side, handwritten “ Muscidae ” (crossed out) on reverse side; (3) “Townsend det.” [printed]. 1 male labelled (1) “Koshun / Formosa / Sauter IX. 08” [printed, except “IX. 08” which is handwritten]; (2) “Villeneuve det.” [printed]. Dissected by K. R. ( Figs. 21, 22 ). T1–5 glued to card on pin, dissected parts in glycerol in glass vial on pin. 1 female labelled (1) “Koshun / Formosa / Sauter VII 08” [printed, except “VII 08” which is handwritten]; (2) “ Bengalia / latro Meij. / Villeneuve det. [handwritten, but not by Villeneuve?]. 2 females labelled (1) “Koshun / Formosa / Sauter VII 08” [printed, except “VII 08” which is handwritten]; (2) “Villeneuve det.” [printed]. 1 male labelled (1) “Sokutsu / Formosa / H. Sauter VI 1912 ” [printed, except “I” in “VI” which is handwritten]; (2) “Townsend det.” [printed]. 1 female labelled (1) “Sokutsu / Formosa / H. Sauter VI 1912 ” [printed, except “I” in “VI” which is handwritten]; (2) “Townsend det.” [printed]. 1 female labelled (1) “Sokutsu / Formosa / H. Sauter VI 1912 ” [printed, except “I” in “VI” which is handwritten]; (2) “det. Baranoff” [printed]; (3) “ Bengalia / varicolor / Fabr.” [handwritten]. 1 male labelled (1) “IX Taihorinsho / Formosa / H. Sauter 09” [printed, except “IX” and “09” which are handwritten]; (2) “Villeneuve det.” [printed]. 1 female labelled (1) “Taihorinsho / Formosa / H. Sauter XI 10” [printed, except “XI 10” which is handwritten]; (2) “ Bengalia / latro / de Meij.” [handwritten in Villeneuve’s hand]; (3) “Villeneuve det.” [printed]; (4) “G. pr. 406 / 16.v.2008 / K. Rognes”. Dissected by K. R. Abdominal T1–5 glued to card on pin; spermathecae and common oviduct in glycerol in vial on pin, ST1–5 and ovipositor on microscope slide no. 406. 2 females labelled (1) “Tappani / Formosa / H. Sauter XI. 09” [printed, except “XI. 09” which is handwritten]; (2) “Villeneuve det.” [printed]. SMNS: 1 male and 1 female labelled (1) “Tainan / Formosa” [handwritten]; (2) “ Bengalia / latro de Meij. ” [Villeneuve’s handwriting]; (3) “Sammlung / E. Engel” [printed on reverse side of label]; (4) My determination label ( emarginata Malloch ). This male has the genitalia exerted. 1 male labelled (1) “Tainan / Formosa” [handwritten]; (2) “ Bengalia / latro de Meij. / det. D r. Villeneuve” [Villeneuve’s handwriting, except last line which is printed]; (3) “Sammlung / E. Engel” [printed on reverse side of label]; (4) My determination label ( emarginata Malloch ). This male is undissected.

Figures

FIGURES 6–14. Bengalia emarginata Malloch, male (from specimen labelled “Koshun, Formosa, Sauter IX 08” in SDEI). 6. Distiphallus, dorsal view. 7. Distiphallus, ventral view. 8. Anterior edge of vertical sclerotised sheet, showing angular shape and serrations. 9. Distiphallus, left lateral view. 10. Cerci and surstyli, dorsal view. 11. Cerci and surstyli,

FIGURES 15–25. Bengalia emarginata Malloch, male (15–18 from holotype in BMNH; 19, 20 from specimen labelled “Los Banos / P.I. Baker” in MSNM; 21, 22 from specimen labelled “Koshun, Formosa, Sauter IX. 08” in SDEI; 23–25 from holotype of Afridigalia bezziella Lehrer in BMNH). 15. ST5 flap. 16. Left antler. 17. Right antler. 18. Labels. 19. ST5 flap. 20. Labels (three, original on top). 21. Distiphallus, oblique view from right, showing dorsal opening. 22. Original labels (two). 23. ST5 flap. 24. Original labels (two). 25. Labels (three). Abbreviation: d.o. = dorsal opening.

FIGURES 173–186. Bengalia peuhi species-group, male fore tibia. 173. B. emarginata Malloch (holotype). 174. B. emarginatoides sp. nov. (BMNH, paratype, “Kandy, Ceylon …”). 175. B. emdeniella (Lehrer) (holotype). 176. B. fani Feng & Wei (holotype). 177. B. inermis Malloch (SDEI, “Los Banos”). 178. B. latro de Meijere (ZMAN, paralectotype ... 0118.11). 179. B. lyneborgi James (ZMUC, paratype “… Mantalingajan …”). 180. B. pseudovaricolor Kurahashi & Tumrasvin (holotype). 181. B. surcoufi Senior-White (holotype). 182. B. taksina (Lehrer) (holotype of Afridigalia taksina Lehrer). 183. B. unicolor Séguy (holotype). 184. B. varicolor (Fabricius) (holotype of Musca varicolor Fabricius). 185. B. varicolor (Fabricius) (holotype of Bengalia bezzii Senior-White). 186. B. weii sp. nov. (paratype).

FIGURES 187–198. Bengalia peuhi species-group, male mid tibia. 187. B. emarginata Malloch (holotype). 188. B. emdeniella (Lehrer) (holotype). 189. B. fani Feng & Wei (holotype). 190. B. inermis Malloch (SDEI, “Los Banos”). 191. B. latro de Meijere (USNM, paralectotype with red syntype label). 192. B. lyneborgi James (ZMUC, paratype “… Mantalingajan …”). 193. B. pseudovaricolor Kurahashi & Tumrasvin (holotype). 194. B. surcoufi Senior-White (BMNH, paratype 1, 14.vi.1920). 195. B. taksina (Lehrer) (BPBM, undissected). 196. B. unicolor Séguy (holotype). 197. B. varicolor (Fabricius) (CDPCAG, Guizhou, Longgong, Anshun City). 198. B. weii sp. nov. (paratype).

FIGURES 199–210. Bengalia peuhi species-group, male hind tibia. 199. B. emarginata Malloch (holotype). 200. B. emdeniella (Lehrer) (holotype). 201. B. fani Feng & Wei (holotype). 202. B. inermis Malloch (SDEI, “Los Banos”). 203. B. latro de Meijere (USNM, paralectotype with red syntype label). 204. B. lyneborgi James (ZMUC, paratype “… Mantalingajan …”). 205. B. pseudovaricolor Kurahashi & Tumrasvin (holotype). 206. B. surcoufi Senior-White (holotype). 207. B. taksina (Lehrer) (holotype of Afridigalia taksina Lehrer). 208. B. unicolor Séguy (holotype). 209. B. varicolor (Fabricius) (CDPCAG, Guizhou, Longgong, Anshun City). 210. B. weii sp. nov. (paratype).

FIGURES 211–215. ST1–5 and ovipositor. (211–213, B. emarginata Malloch, G. pr. 406, Taihorinsho, Formosa, SDEI; 214, 215, B. lyneborgi James, G. pr. 336, “… Brookes Point, Uring, Uring 25 August 1961 …” paratype, ZMUC). 211, 214. Ovipositor, flat mounts. 212, 215. ST1–5. 213. Area around ST8 (from dissection, in alcohol).

FIGURES 26–34. Bengalia emarginatoides sp. nov., male (from holotype in SDEI). 26. Distiphallus, dorsal view. 27. Distiphallus, ventral view. 28. Distiphallus, left lateral view. 29. Original label. 30. Cerci and surstyli, dorsal view. 31. Cerci and surstyli, left lateral view. 32. Pre- and postgonites. 33. Anterior edge of vertical sclerotised sheet, showing linear shape and serrations. 34. Distiphallus from in front. Scale = 0.25mm (Figures 26, 27, 28, 32).