Lessingianthus concepcionis M.B. Angulo & Dematteis, 2016
publication ID |
https://doi.org/ 10.11646/phytotaxa.265.3.7 |
persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B412932E-260A-FF88-FF43-4A998E1461DE |
treatment provided by |
Felipe |
scientific name |
Lessingianthus concepcionis M.B. Angulo & Dematteis |
status |
sp. nov. |
Lessingianthus concepcionis M.B. Angulo & Dematteis View in CoL , sp. nov. ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 )
Type:─ PARAGUAY. Concepción: 1 km E de Huguá Poí [S 23º12ʹ38ʺ, W 57º14ʹ25ʺ], 4 March 2009, M. Dematteis, M. Franco & H. A. Keller 3230 (holotype CTES!, isotype FCQ!, SI!).
Diagnosis:―Differs from L. niederleinii ( Hieronymus 1897: 681) Robinson (1988: 946) by its leaves with denticulate and revolute margins, tomentose beneath, and glandular trichomes on corolla lobes (versus leaves with entire or briefly serrate, never revolute margins, and glandular and non-glandular trichomes on corolla lobes).
Erect shurb, 2.5 m tall. Stems single, lanate, densely leafy to the inflorescence. Leaves coriaceus, sessile, 7–8 × 4.5–5 cm. Leaf blades lanceolate, acute at apex, base attenuate, scabrous above, tomentose beneath, pinnatinervate, secondary veins prominent above, margins denticulate, revolute. Capitula numerous, sessile grouped on seriate-cymose branches. Bracts of the synflorescence leafy, lanceolate, 11–14 mm long. Involucre campanulate, 11–12 × 9–10 mm; phyllaries in 6–7 series, slightly imbricate, coriaceous, ciliate at margin, outer phyllaries linear, 3–4× 1.3–1.6 mm, subulate and recurved at the apex, middle phyllaries linear to oblong-linear, 5–6.5 × 1.8–1.9 mm, subulate and slightly recurved at the apex, inner phyllaries oblong-lanceolate, 8.5–9 × 1.6–1.9 mm, acute, papillose. Florets 20–30; corolla violet, 10–12 mm long, corolla lobes with glandular trichomes. Anthers sagittate, techae 3–3.5 long, apical appendage ovate-lanceolate, 0.6 mm long. Styles 12.5 mm long, without basal stylar node. Cypselas turbinate, ribbed, laxly sericeous-pubescent, 4–4.5 mm long, fruit wall with cubic and prismatic crystals. Pappus biseriate, white, outer series scales lanceolate, fimbriate, 0.8–1.2 mm long, inner series bristles 6–7 mm long. 2n=128.
Distribution and habitat: —This taxon grows in Paraguay, only known from Concepción Department. It grows in areas with calcareous soils in cerrado habitats.
Conservation status:— Lessingianthus concepcionis has a limited area of occupancy estimated to be less than 500 km 2 in a severely fragmented area and is currently only known from three localities. In additon, the continuing decline of its habitat due to the use as farm land which is from time to time subject to grazing and trampling by livestock could rapidly change the threat status. Therefore, the new species is considered Endangered: EN B 1ab(iii), according to the IUCN red list criteria ( IUCN 2015).
Etymology:—The specific epithet refers to the region where the species occur.
Additional specimens examined (paratypes): ─ PARAGUAY. Concepción: Aldea Pa’i Tavytera “ Boquerón ”, S 22º 52ʹ 50,2ʺ, W 56º 51ʹ 18,7ʺ, 147 m, 5 March 2009, H. A. Keller, M. Dematteis & M. Franco 6653 ( CTES) GoogleMaps ; 25 km N de Aldea Aborigen Boquerón, camino a Puentesiño , S 22º35ʹ33ʺ, W 56º49ʹ50ʺ, 5 March 2009, M. Dematteis, M. Franco & H. A. Keller 3300 ( CTES, FCQ) GoogleMaps .
Discussion: ─The new species seems to be closely related to L. niederleinii but it differs in the margin and indumentum of leaves, number of phyllary series, trichome type of corollas and chromosome number. The most important differences between these species are summarized in Table 1.
Lessingianthus concepcionis View in CoL has glandular trichomes on corolla lobes ( Fig. 2A View FIGURE 2 ), which were designated as “ Type III” by Angulo & Dematteis (2014a). These glandular trichomes occur on the dorsal side of corolla lobes and they have a uniseriate stalk and a unicellular head ( Fig. 2B View FIGURE 2 ). Lessingianthus niederleinii View in CoL has also glandular trichomes “ Type III” but it has non-glandular Types I (unicellular, short) and II (multicellular, long, with a terminal cell longer than the other cells) ( Angulo & Dematteis 2014a).
The new taxon is an octoploid entity with 2n=8x=128 ( Fig. 2C View FIGURE 2 ), which constitutes the first chromosome count for the species and the third report of the octoploid ploidy level in the genus. On the other hand, L. niederleinii View in CoL is hexaploid with 2n=6x=96, as it has been supported by numerous chromosome counts in several populations from Paraguay and Argentina ( Angulo & Dematteis 2012a). Other octoploid taxa in Lessingianthus View in CoL are L. scabrifoliatus ( Hieronymus 1897: 677) Robinson (1994: 29) View in CoL and L. hystricosus ( Cabrera & Dematteis 1999: 103) Dematteis (2010: 238) View in CoL . All counts carried out in several populations from Bolivia ( L. scabrifoliatus View in CoL ) and Paraguay ( L. hystricosus View in CoL ) showed 2n=128 (Dematteis 2002, Angulo & Dematteis 2012a). However, the new species differs from L. scabrifoliatus View in CoL in urceolate-campanulate involucre, 50–60 florets per head, mucronate apex of leaves, outer phyllaries with mucronate apex, glandular and non-glandular trichomes on corolla and cypsela. Regarding L. hystricosus View in CoL , this taxon is only known to the central and eastern Paraguay and is distinguished from L. concepcioni s by leaves with denticulate and undulate margins, 4–5 phyllary series, outer phyllaries linear and mucronate at apex, glandular and non-glandular trichomes on cypselas.
Lessingianthus concepcionis View in CoL is locally used for the treatment of parasitic diseases based on the information obtained from interviews to several members of Aldea Pa’i Tavytera “ Boquerón ” (Concepción, Paraguay) carried out by collectors. This new taxon is locally known as “jagua pety” and their roots in decoction are used as an antiparasitic. Vernonanthura tweedieana ( Baker 1873: 99) Robinson (1992: 74) View in CoL is also known under the same common name as suggested by Portillo et al. (2005). These authors studied chemical constituents of roots in specimens of Paraguarí ( Paraguay) and they identified a sesquiterpene as the antifungal agent. This chemical compound characterizes the Vernonieae tribe (Kelley & Robinson 2009) and perhaps it would also be responsible for the antifungal activity in L. concepcionis View in CoL .
E |
Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh |
M |
Botanische Staatssammlung München |
H |
University of Helsinki |
A |
Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum |
CTES |
Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste |
FCQ |
Universidad Nacional de Asunción |
SI |
Museo Botánico (SI) |
B |
Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universitaet |
N |
Nanjing University |
No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.
Kingdom |
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Genus |
Lessingianthus concepcionis M.B. Angulo & Dematteis
Angulo, Maria Betiana & Dematteis, Massimiliano 2016 |
Lessingianthus concepcionis
M. B. Angulo & Dematteis 2016 |
Lessingianthus concepcionis
M. B. Angulo & Dematteis 2016 |
Lessingianthus concepcionis
M. B. Angulo & Dematteis 2016 |
L. concepcionis
M. B. Angulo & Dematteis 2016 |
L. hystricosus ( Cabrera &
Dematteis 2010: 238 |
L. hystricosus
Dematteis 2010 |
L. hystricosus
Dematteis 2010 |
L. scabrifoliatus ( Hieronymus 1897: 677 )
Robinson 1994: 29 |
L. scabrifoliatus
Robinson 1994 |
L. scabrifoliatus
Robinson 1994 |
Vernonanthura tweedieana ( Baker 1873: 99 )
Robinson 1992: 74 |
Lessingianthus
Robinson 1988 |
Vernonieae
Cassini 1819 |