Delphinium kamaonense Huth (1893: 333)

Yuan, Qiong & Yang, Qin-Er, 2023, Taxonomic studies on the genus Delphinium (Ranunculaceae) from China (XXIV): D. latilimbum, recently described from southern Xizang (Tibet), is another new synonym of D. kamaonense, a Sino-Himalayan species, Phytotaxa 600 (3), pp. 136-152 : 140-151

Delphinium kamaonense Huth (1893: 333) . Figs.1 , 3–11 .

Type:— INDIA. Uttarakhand: Kamaon ( Kumaun ), Nipshany Valley in Darma , 4300–4600 m, 31 August 1884, J.F. Duthie 2675 [probably G, E!, K!; see Munz (1967) and Yuan & Yang (2017)].

= Delphinium sordidecaerulescens Ulbrlich (1935: 358) . D. tatsienense f. sordidecaerulescens (Ulbrlich) Handel-Mazzetti (1939: 61) .

Type:— CHINA. Sichuan: Songpan , Huang-chen-kuan (= Huang-sheng-guan), in prato herboso, alt. ca. 3400 m, 19 August 1922, H. Smith 3983 (holotype UPS!).

= Delphinium pseudograndiflorum Wang (1962: 275) .

Type:— CHINA. Sichuan: Heishui , grassland at mountain top, alt. 3300 m, 16 August 1957, X. Li 74016 (holotype PE!, isotypes NAS!, SZ!).

= Delphinium pseudograndiflorum var. glabrescens Wang (1962: 275) . D. kamaonense var. glabrescens (Wang) Wang (1979a: 449) .

Type:— CHINA. Xizang: Zayu , alt. 3200 m, 24 July 1960, G.C. Xia & K.T. Mi 336 (holotype IDM!).

= Delphinium pseudograndiflorum var. lobatum Wang (1962: 275) .

Type:— CHINA. Xizang: Qamdo , 11 August 1951, Y.W. Tsui 5224 (holotype PE!) .

= Delphinium obcordatilimbum Wang (1979b: 616) .

Type:— CHINA. Xizang: Riwoqe, alt. 3850 m, 21 July 1976, Qinghai-Xizang Veg. Exped. 9213 (holotype PE!, isotype PE!) .

= Delphinium latilimbum Wang (2020: 124) , syn. nov.

Type:— CHINA. Xizang: Cona, on the way from Marmang town to Cona county town, slopes, alt. 3449–4414 m, PE Xizang Exped. 6429 (holotype PE!, isotype PE!). Fig. 1 .

Description:—Perennial herbs. Rootstock digitate, somewhat tuber-like when fresh, ca. 3.5 cm long, thickened to ca. 5 mm in diameter. Stems solitary, simple or branched distally, 5–50 cm tall, proximally sparsely retrosely and somewhat spreading white puberulent, subglabrous or very sparsely spreading puberulent elsewhere. Basal and proximal leaves more or less rosulate, long petiolate; petioles 5–12 cm long, proximally sparsely somewhat spreading white puberulent; blades sparsely puberulent with very short appressed hairs on adaxial surface, sparsely puberulent with longer hairs along veins on abaxial surface and along margins, orbicular-reniform or orbicular-pentagonal, 2–6.5 cm long, 2.5–6.5 cm broad, deeply 5-lobed, lobes further divided into narrowly oblong segments 1–4 mm broad, obtuse or acute; cauline leaves few to several, petiolate; blades orbicular, finely dissected into linear or narrowly linear segments 1–3 mm broad or less. Inflorescence simple or compound racemes, rachis flexuous, very sparsely somewhat spreading puberulent or subglabrous, few- to several-flowered; proximal bracts leaflike, distal ones narrowly linear or subulate, ciliate; pedicels ascending to more or less divaricate, densely puberulent distally, subglabrous elsewhere; bracteoles borne in upper part of pedicels, subulate, 4–6.5 mm long, ciliate. Sepals deep blue or purplish, elliptic or obovate-elliptic, 1.1–1.8 cm long, appressed puberulent outside, spur subulate, straight or slightly curved upward, longer than sepals, 2–2.2 cm long. Petals glabrous, nearly rounded at apex. Staminodes blue, obovate, 2-lobed, ciliate, ventrally yellowish barbate; claws ca. 4.5 mm long. Stamens glabrous or sparsely puberulent. Carpels 3; ovaries densely puberulent. Follicles densely puberulent.

Distribution and habitat:— Delphinium kamaonense is widely distributed in China (Gansu, Qinghai, Sichuan, Xizang), northwestern India, and Nepal ( Fig. 12 ). It often grows on open grassy slopes or in scrubs at altitudes of 2800–4800 m.

Phenology:—Flowering from July to September; fruiting from September to October..

Additional specimens examined: CHINA. Gansu: Hezuo, X. Yin et al. LiuJQ-GN-2011-219 (KUN); Jone, W.Y. Hsia 8381 (WUK), T.P. Wang 5572 (PE, WUK); Luqu, Tao River Exped. 427 (KUN); Maqu, X. Yin et al. LiuJQ-GN-2011-218 (KUN); Xiahe, K.T. Fu 1486 (IBSC, PE, WUK), W. Qi LJQ-2008-GN-365 (KUN), Tao River Exped. 041 (KUN), Q.R. Wang & M.S. Yan 10643 (PE), Q.R. Wang & M.S. Yan 10738 (PE); Tewo, J.F. Rock 13178 (NAS, PE), J.F. Rock 14594 (NAS). Qinghai: Chindu, Anonymous 726 (PE), T.N. Ho et al. 1720 (BM), S.W. Liu 00494 (PE), S.W. Liu 2463 (HNWP), Q.E. Yang & Q. Yuan 419 (PE); Henan, S.W. Liu 1934 (HNWP); Jigzhi, D.E. Boufford et al. 39466 (PE), Xizang Med. Pl. Exped. 632 (HNWP); Maqen, T.N. Ho et al. 437 (HNWP), Y.H. Wu 4633 (HNWP); Nangqen, S.L. Chen et al. Chensl0681 (KUN), S.L. Chen et al. Chensl0701 (KUN), X.C. Chen & S. Xiao 7199 (HNWP), X.C. Chen & S. Xiao 7246 (HNWP), X.C. Chen & S. Xiao 7887 (HNWP), X.C. Chen & S. Xiao 8191 (HNWP), X.C. Chen & S. Xiao 8303 (HNWP), X.C. Chen & S. Xiao 8315 (HNWP), X.C. Chen & S. Xiao 8376 (HNWP), P.C. Kuo & W.Y. Wang 8385 (HNWP), Z.D. Wei 21913 (HNWP), Z.D. Wei 22089 (HNWP), Xizang Med. Pl. Exped. 1038 (HNWP, PE), Xizang Med. Pl. Exped. 1188 (PE), B.Q. Xu et al. Xianh0072 (KUN), Y.C. Yang 1189 (HNWP, PE,WUK); Qumarleb, S.L. Chen et al. Chensl0799 (KUN); Tongde, Y.H. Wu 5372 (HNWP); Tongren, P.C. Kuo 25892 (HNWP), S.W. Liu 3561 (HNWP), Q.E. Yang 9516 (PE); Yushu, Anonymous 388 (HNWP, PE, WUK), X.C. Chen & S. Xiao 7167 (HNWP), T.N. Ho et al. 1972 (BM, PE), T.N. Ho et al. 2044 (BM, PE), T.N. Ho et al. 2264 (E), T.N. Ho et al. 2488 (BM, E), B. Ren 014 (PE), B. Ren 033 (PE), Q.E. Yang & Q. Yuan 428 (PE), Q.E. Yang & Q. Yuan 431 (PE); Zadoi, S.L. Chen et al. Chensl0714 (HNWP, KUN), S.L. Chen et al. Chensl0758 (HNWP, KUN); Zekog, S.L. Chen et al. Chensl0932 (KUN), L.H. Zhou & L.L. Sun 1640 (HNWP). Sichuan: Aba, D.E. Boufford et al. 39432 (PE), X. Li 72042 (IBSC, NAS, PE); Baiyu, Anonymous 0134 (SM), D.E. Boufford et al. 37004 (PE), H.Y. Li 139 (PE), Z.X. Tang et al. 770 (PE), H.S. Ye s.n. (PE); Barkam, Z.B. Feng 960318 (WCSBG), X. Li 71757 (IBSC, NAS, PE), X. Li 72254 (IBSC, NAS, PE), Sichuan Med. Pl. Resour. Exped. 22806 (NAS), Sichuan Veg. Exped. 9528 (CDBI, IBSC, PE); Batang, Anonymous 1545 (PE), Anonymous 1667 (PE), D.E. Boufford et al. 35550 (PE), K.Y. Lang et al. 2392 (KUN, PE), K. Yao 891 (NAS); Danba, Anonymous 257 (SM); Dawu, Anonymous 5689 (CDBI, PE), Anonymous 5789 (PE), Anonymous 5871 (CDBI, PE), Anonymous 15758 (SM), W.K. Hu & C. Ho 10877 (HGAS, PE), W.K. Hu & C. Ho 10905 (HGAS, PE), S. Jiang et al. 9601 (PE), Sichuan Med. Pl. Resour. Exped. 15758 (NAS), L. Wang et al. 2338 (IBSC); Dege, D.E. Boufford et al. 36400 (PE), D.E. Boufford et al. 36421 (PE), D.E. Boufford et al. 36700 (PE), Dege Exped. 0510 (SM), Dege Exped. 0636 (SM), S.X. Jia s.n. (PE), S.X. Jia 133 (PE), Sichuan Veg. Exped. 7345 (PE), Z.X. Tang et al. 609 (PE), Y.W. Tsui 5030 (PE); Derong, X.W. Tian 095 (PE); Garze, D.E. Boufford et al. 36332 (PE), W.K. Hu 13106 (PE), S. Jiang et al. 9601 (PE), Sichuan Med. Pl. Resour. Exped. 15145 (NAS), Y.W. Tsui 4942 (PE), T.S. Ying 4545 (PE); Heishui, X. Li 73446 (PE), X. Li 73654 (IBSC, NAS, PE); Hongyuan, Anonymous 23636 (NAS, PE), D.E. Boufford et al. 40023 (PE), D.E. Boufford et al. 40051 (PE), S.Y. Chen et al. 5543 (SM), X. Li 2153 (NAS, PE), X. Li 72086 (IBSC, NAS, PE), X. Li 72101 (IBSC, PE), B.C. Ni 00284 (CDBI), Sichuan Med. Pl. Resour. Exped. 20655 (NAS), Y.C. Tang et al. 20 (NAS, PE), Z.X. Tang 1710 (PE), Z.X. Tang 1778 (PE), Q.E. Yang & Q. Yuan 307 (PE), Q.E. Yang & Q. Yuan 310 (PE), K. Yao 610 (NAS), Q.S. Zhao 0261 (BM, P, PE), D. Zhou & W.Y. Wu B1 (PE), P. Zhuang et al. 2004099 (WCSBG); Jiuzhaigou, Anonymous 0880 (SM), Anonymous 1099 (SM), Sichuan Econ. Pl. Exped. 4114 (CDBI), Q.E. Yang 92020 (PE); Kangding, W.K. Hu 13106 (PE), Kunming & Edinburgh Sichuan Exped. 56 (E), J.A. Soulié 2389 (P), J.A. Soulié 2389a (P), C. Wang s.n. (BNU), Q.E. Yang & Q. Yuan 260 (PE); Litang, D.E. Boufford et al. 42258 (PE), Hengduan Shan Veg. Exped. 4954 (PE), Kunming & Edinburgh Sichuan Exped. 161 (E), L. Wang et al. 3965 (IBSC); Lixian, Anonymous 33576 (PE), D.P. He 45697 (HNWP, WUK), D.P. He 45823 (HNWP, IBSC, WUK), D.P. He 46060 (HGAS), E.L. Liu 9 (PE), Y. Luo 328 (PE), Y. Luo 331 (PE), Q.S. Zhao 1241 (PE); Luhuo, D.E. Boufford et al. 33496 (PE), D.E. Boufford et al. 34250 (PE), D.E. Boufford et al. 34743 (PE), X.L. Guo & Q.P. Jiang 02037521 (SZ), X.L. Guo & Q.P. Jiang 02037522 (SZ), X.L. Guo & Q.P. Jiang 02037523 (SZ), X.L. Guo & Q.P. Jiang 02037524 (SZ), X.L. Guo & Q.P. Jiang 02037525 (SZ), X.L. Guo & Q.P. Jiang 02037526 (SZ), X.L. Guo & Q.P. Jiang 02037527 (SZ), X.L. Guo & Q.P. Jiang 02037528 (SZ); Pingwu, L.M. Lu 2008355 (PE); Sertar, D.E. Boufford et al. 34568 (PE), J.H. Feng 06708 (CDBI, PE); Serxu, X.H. Hu 28363 (CDBI), Serxu Exped. 0113 (SM), L. Wang et al. 4066 (IBSC); Songpan, Anonymous 9528 (CDBI), T.G. Elumeeva 2539 (MW), X.M. Gao M113 (WCSBG), Sichuan Econ. Pl. Exped. 4114 (CDBI), X.N. Tang 01013 (CDBI), X.N. Tang 00758 (CDBI), Q.E. Yang & Q. Yuan 310 (PE), Y.B. Yang 0758 (CDBI); Tianquan, H.L. Tsiang 173 (IBSC, NAS, PE); Xiaojin, S.S. Chang & Y.X. Ren 6039 (PE), S.S. Chang & Y.X. Ren 6259 (CDBI), S.S. Chang & Y.X. Ren 646 2 (CDBI, PE), Q.E. Yang & Q. Yuan 292 (PE), Q.E. Yang & Q. Yuan 296 (BM, PE); Xiangcheng, Anonymous 0764 (SM); Xinlong, Anonymous 629 (SM), Q.W. Meng & H.Y. Xie s.n. (PE), L. Wang et al. 3987 (IBSC); Yanyuan, Yanyuan Exped. 577 (SM); Zamtang, D.E. Boufford et al. 38916 (PE), D.E. Boufford et al. 39038 (PE), D.E. Boufford et al. 39084 (PE); Zoige, Anonymous 0082 (SM), Anonymous 10276 (PE), Anonymous 20104 (SM), Anonymous 20395 (SM), D.E. Boufford et al. 39954 (PE), G.C. Chen et al. 1331 (HNWP), S.Y. Chen et al. 5840 (SM), X.Q. Li 0317 (CDBI), Sichuan Med. Pl. Resour. Exped. 20104 (NAS), Sichuan Med. Pl. Resour. Exped. 20395 (NAS), D.H. Zhu et al. 4604 (PE, WCSBG), D.H. Zhu et al. 4628 (PE, WCSBG). Xizang: Baqen, D.E. Boufford et al. 29985 (PE), D.D. Tao 11076 (KUN, PE); Baxoi, Anonymous 929 (PE), D.E. Boufford et al. 29694 (PE), C.C. Ni et al. 1255 (PE, XZ), Qinghai-Xizang Exped. 73-1166 (PE), Z.J. Ren s.n. (PE), L. Wang et al. 3329 (IBSC), L. Wang et al. 3383 (IBSC); Bomi, Anonymous 518 (KUN), Biol. Inst. Xizang Exped. 685 (HNWP), Biol. Inst. Xizang Exped. 710 (HNWP), Y.T. Chang & K.Y. Lang 323 (PE), Y.T. Chang & K.Y. Lang 328 (PE), Y.T. Chang & K.Y. Lang 463 (PE), Qinghai-Xizang Exped. 73-126 (KUN, PE), Z.J. Ren 799 (PE), L. Xie BM11 (PE), T.S. Ying & D.Y. Hong 650356 (PE), T.S. Ying & D.Y. Hong 651114 (PE), J.W. Zhang 1735 (PE); Burang, Biol. Inst. Xizang Exped. 3889 (HNWP), Biol. Inst. Xizang Exped. 4038 (HNWP, PE), J.H. Chen et al. Yangyp-Q-0030 (KUN), FLPH Tibet Exped. 12-0099 (PE), Qinghai-Xizang Exped. 13009 (PE), Qinghai-Xizang Exped. 13279 (PE), Qinghai-Xizang Exped. 76-116 (PE), Qinghai-Xizang Exped. 76-8240 (PE), Qinghai-Xizang Exped. 76-8488 (PE); Chagyab, Qinghai-Xizang Exped. 12340 (PE), Qinghai-Xizang Exped. 13003 (PE), L. Wang et al. 2407 (IBSC); Cona, Y.S. Chen et al. 13-0913 (PE), P.C. Kuo & W.Y. Wang 22822 (NAS), F. Ludlow & G. Sherriff 845 (BM), PE Xizang Exped. 6501 (PE), Qinghai-Xizang Veg. Exped. 2359 (PE), Qinghai-Xizang Suppl. Exped. 751714 (KUN, PE), Qinghai-Xizang Suppl. Exped. 751795 (KUN, PE), L. Wang et al. 3166 (IBSC); Dengqen, J.S. Yang 91 (PE), J.S. Yang 91-823 (KUN, PE); Gongbo’gyamda, Anonymous 0866 (XZ), Y.T. Chang & K.Y. Lang 2745 (PE), X.C. Chen et al. 5894 (XZ), Qinghai-Xizang Exped. 7761 (PE), J.S. Yang 89-058 (IBSC, KUN) J.S. Yang 89-059 (PE), J.S. Yang 90- 314 (PE), J.S. Yang 90-642 (IBSC, KUN), Q.E. Yang & Q. Yuan 503 (PE), Q.E. Yang & Q. Yuan 506 (PE); Gyirong, Y.S. Chen et al. 288 (PE), S. Jiang et al. 283 (PE), B.S. Li et al. 13441 (PE), C. Liu et al. 18CS17492 (KUN), C.C. Ni et al. 2272 (PE, XZ), Qinghai-Xizang Exped. 5626 (PE), Qinghai-Xizang Exped. 5709 (PE), Qinghai-Xizang Exped. 7041 (PE), Qinghai-Xizang Exped. 7084 (PE), Qinghai-Xizang Exped. 7180 (PE), L. Wang et al. 2685 (IBSC), L. Wang et al. 2700 (IBSC), L. Wei & J.C. Hao 15434 (BNU), L. Wei & Y. He BNUXZ2016367 (BNU), Xizang Med. Pl. Exped. 679 (PE), X.W. Zhang et al. Liujq-09xz-lzt-085 (KUN), X.W. Zhang et al. Liujq-09xz-lzt-094 (KUN); Jomda, D.E. Boufford et al. 31231 (PE), D.E. Boufford et al. 31258 (PE), D.E. Boufford et al. 31578 (PE), D.E. Boufford et al. 33840 (PE), Qinghai-Xizang Exped. 12486 (PE), Y.W. Tsui 5289 (PE), L. Wang et al. 3425 (IBSC), Q.E. Yang & Q. Yuan 463 (PE), Q.E. Yang & Q. Yuan 467 (PE); Lhorong, D.E. Boufford et al. 40902 (KUN), Qinghai-Xizang Exped. 8968 (PE); Lhozhag, Y.S. Chen et al. 13-1549 (PE), PE Xizang Exped. 6606 (PE); Lhunze, PE Xizang Exped. 5593 (PE), L. Wang et al. 3011 (IBSC); Mainling, Qinghai-Xizang Exped. 74-3725 (PE), Qinghai-Xizang Exped. 74- 4629 (PE); Markam, Qinghai-Xizang Exped. 005226 (CDBI, KUN, PE); Nagarze, Qinghai-Xizang Exped. 7694 (PE); Nyalam, FLPH Tibet Exped. 12-0371 (PE), L. Wang et al. 2768 (IBSC), L. Wei & Y. He BNUXZ2016083 (BNU), L. Wei & Y. He BNUXZ2016107 (BNU), L. Wei & J.C. Hao 15272 (BNU), Xizang Med. Pl. Exped. 1685 (HNWP, PE), Xizang Med. Pl. Exped. 1688 (PE); Nyingchi, Anonymous 2193 (PE), Anonymous 2367 (KUN), Y.T. Chang & K.Y. Lang 1223 (PE), Y.T. Chang & K.Y. Lang 953 (PE), J. Luo et al. ML093 (HNWP, KUN, PE), J. Luo & S.L. Wang LiuJQ-08XZ-111 (KUN), PE Xizang Exped. 6875 (PE), Qinghai-Xizang Suppl. Exped. 751277 (KUN, PE), Xizang Med. Pl. Exped. 3541 (HNWP, PE), C.Y. Wu et al. 75-1190 (KUN); Qamdo, Biol. Inst. Xizang Exped. 1964 (HNWP), Biol. Inst. Xizang Exped. 2255 (HNWP), Y.T. Chang & K.Y. Lang 2815 (PE), D.E. Boufford et al. 29552 (PE), D.E. Boufford et al. 32462 (PE), D.E. Boufford et al. 32532 (PE), Qinghai-Xizang Exped. 12619 (PE), Qinghai-Xizang Exped. 12636 (PE), Qinghai-Xizang Exped. 73-84 (KUN, PE), T.J. Tong et al. 338 (IBSC), L. Wang et al. 3404 (IBSC), L. Wang et al. 3411 (IBSC), Q.E. Yang & Q. Yuan 475 (PE), X.Y. Zhu & Y.F. Du 20085 (PE); Riwoqe, D.E. Boufford et al. 31833 (PE), D.E. Boufford et al. 31979 (PE), D.E. Boufford et al. 40990 (PE), Kham Exped. 10-1460 (PE), Qinghai-Xizang Exped. 12909 (PE), Qinghai-Xizang Exped. 12923 (PE), L. Wang et al. 3447 (IBSC), L. Wang et al. 3459 (IBSC), L. Wang et al. 3495 (IBSC), Q.E. Yang & Q. Yuan 478 (PE), Q.E. Yang & Q. Yuan 479 (PE); Sog, D.D. Tao 10913 (KUN, PE), D.D. Tao 10930 (KUN, PE); Zayu, Biol. Inst. Xizang Exped. 1237 (HNWP), Biol. Inst. Xizang Exped. 1320 (HNWP), FLPH Tibet Exped. 12-1388 (PE), R.F. Huang 480 (HNWP), Inst. Biol. Xizang Exped. 3892 (XZ), X.H. Jin et al. ST2435 (PE), X.H. Jin et al. ST2454 (PE), X.H. Jin et al. ST2539 (PE), X.H. Jin et al. ST2562 (PE), B.S. Li et al. 07233 (PE), C.C. Ni et al. 1030 (PE, XZ), Qinghai-Xizang Exped. 73-280 (PE), J.W. Zhang 1737 (PE); Zogang, Anonymous 76-59 (PE), Anonymous 76-591 (PE), L.M. Gao et al. GLM081381 (KUN), Qinghai-Xizang Exped. 11005 (PE), Qinghai-Xizang Exped. 12909 (KUN).

INDIA. Uttarakhand: Kumaon, F. Ludlow 775 (E), F. Ludlow 781 (E).

NEPAL. Bajhang District, J.E.M. Arnold 12 (BM), J.B. Tyson 95 (BM); Dolpa District, JEST 4-63 (E), T.B. Shrestha 5421 (BM), J.D.A. Stainton 5553 (BM); Gorkha District, H. Ikeda et al. 20811118 (E), H. Ikeda 20811159 (E); Humla District, K.C. Madhu 2 (KATH); Manang District, N.P. Manandhar 9982 (KATH), D.P. Joshi & M.M. Amatya 73/614 (KATH); Mustang District, G. Miehe 250 (BM), M. Mikage et al. 9552514 (KATH), M. Mikage et al. 9967117 (TI), F. Miyamoto et al. 20230154 (KATH, TI), P.R. Shakya et al. 10595 (KATH), T.B. Shrestha & M.S. Bistha 1442 (KATH), T.B. Shrestha & M.S. Bistha 2458 (KATH), M.N. Subedi 210-2001 (KATH), M.N. Subedi 70/2002 (KATH), M.N. Subedi 0040094 (KATH), J.D.A. Stainton et al. 1871 (BM, E), J.D.A. Stainton et al. 1930 (E), J.D.A. Stainton et al. 2026 (BM, E), J.D.A. Stainton et al. 2200 (BM, E), J.D.A. Stainton et al. 2233 (BM, E), J.D.A. Stainton et al. 7216 (BM, E), J.D.A. Stainton et al. 7351 (E), J.D.A. Stainton et al. 7742 (BM, E), J.D.A. Stainton et al. 8035 (BM), J.D.A. Stainton et al. 8142 (BM, E); Rasuwa District, J.F. Dobremez 523 (BM), J.F. Dobremez 1003 (BM), J.F. Dobremez 1005 (KATH), Durham Univ. Himalayan Exped. 237 (BM), Durham Univ. Himalayan Exped. 240 (BM), D.G. Long et al. 477 (E), D.H. Nicolson 2183 (BM, KATH), S. Noshino 9194533 (KATH), O. Polunin 1576 (BM, E), J.D.A. Stainton 5172 (BM), J.D.A. Stainton 7267 (BM), J.D.A. Stainton 7420 (E), M.N. Subedi 00400283 (KATH).

Notes:—In general aspect, Delphinium kamaonense is closely similar to D. yuanum Chen (1948: 176) , a species distributed in northwestern Yunnan, southwestern Sichuan (Daocheng, Xiangcheng) and southeastern Xizang (Zayu), China, but differs by having stems sparsely retrosely and somewhat spreading white puberulent proximally, subglabrous or very sparsely spreading puberulent elsewhere (vs. glabrous throughout), petioles basally spreading puberulent, subglabrous elsewhere (vs. glabrous throughout), inflorescence rachis very sparsely spreading puberulent or subglabrous (vs. glabrous), and pedicels densely puberulent apically, subglabrous elsewhere (vs. glabrous throughout). Notably, these two species have the same variation pattern in the division of basal leaves. Plants with less divided basal leaves and less laciniate leaf lobes in D. yuanum were also once described as an independent species, i.e. D. yanwaense Wang (1983: 157) , which was synonymized by Yuan & Yang (2015).

The color line illustration and the description given by Hunt (1978), based on a plant collected from the Langtang Valley in Nepal and cultivated at Kew, for Delphinium caeruleum (“ coeruleum ”) Jacquemont ex Cambessèdes in Jacquemont (1844: 7), actually refer to D. kamaonense . The former is also a widely distributed Sino-Himalayan species and largely sympatric with the latter. Morphologically D. kamaonense is readily distinguishable from D. caeruleum by have stems proximally and pedicels distally appressed puberulent, subglabrous or very sparsely spreading puberulent elsewhere (vs. stems and pedicels densely appressed throughout), flowers few in corymbs or solitary (vs. flowers few to several in simple or compound racemes), and 3 (vs. 5) carpels.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Holotype sheet, isotype sheet and close-ups of some parts of the holotype of Delphinium latilimbum (= D. kamaonense). A. Holotype (PE). B. Isotype (PE). C. Proximal portion of stem (sparsely retrosely and somewhat spreading white puberulent). D. Middle portion of stem (glabrous). E. Adaxial side of leaf (very sparsely puberulent with very short appressed hairs on surface and sparsely puberulent with longer hairs along margin). F. Abaxial side of leaf (very sparsely puberulent with longer hairs along veins and sparsely puberulent with longer hairs along margin). G. Middle portion of stem (right: glabrous) and proximal portion of petiole (left: sparsely retrosely and somewhat spreading white puberulent). H. Distal portion of pedicel (densely somewhat spreading puberulent). I. Staminode. J. Flower (longitudinal section).

FIGURE 3. Selected specimens of Delphinium kamaonense from Xizang, China.A. D.E. Boufford et al. 29694 (PE) from Baxoi county. B, C. D.E. Boufford et al. 32462 (PE) from Changdu county. D. X.W Zhang et al. Liujq-09xz-lzt-085 (KUN) from Gyirong county.

FIGURE 4. Selected specimens of Delphinium kamaonense from Xizang, China.A. D.E. Boufford et al. 33840 (PE) from Jomda county. B. D.E. Boufford et al. 31979 (PE) from Riwoqe county. C. D.E. Boufford et al. 31833 (PE) from Jomda county. D. Kham Exped. 10-1460 (PE) from Riwoqe county.

FIGURE 5. Delphinium kamaonense in the wild (China, Xizang, Cona). A. Habitat. B–E. Habit. Photographed by L. Wang.

FIGURE 6. Delphinium kamaonense in the wild (China, Xizang, Cona). A. Basal leaves (adaxial side). B. Cauline leaf (adaxial side). C. Distal portion of pedicel. D. Flower (frontal view). E. Flower (lateral view). F. Sepals. G. Staminodes. H. Stamens. I. Petals. J. Carpels. K. Follicles (immature). Photographed by L. Wang.

FIGURE 7. Specimens of Delphinium kamaonense from Cona county in southern Xizang, China, the type locality of D. latilimbum (= D. kamaonense). A–D. L. Wang et al. 3166 (IBSC).

FIGURE 8. Delphinium kamaonense in the wild (China, Xizang, Baxoi).A. Habitat and habit. B. Middle portion of stem (right: glabrous) and proximal portion of petiole (left: sparsely retrosely and somewhat spreading white puberulent). C. Basal (left two) and cauline (right one) leaves (adaxial side). D. Distal portion of pedicel. E. Flower (frontal view). F. Flower (lateral view). G. Sepals. H. Staminodes. I. Stamens (filaments sparsely puberulent). J. Petals. K. Carpels. Photographed by L. Wang.

FIGURE 9. Delphinium kamaonense in the wild (China, Xizang, Nyalam).A. Habitat. B–G. Habit. Photographed by L. Wang.

FIGURE 10. Delphinium kamaonense in the wild (China, Xizang, Nyalam). A. Basal leaves (adaxial side). B. Cauline leaf (adaxial side). C. Distal portion of pedicel. D. Flower (frontal view). E. Flower (lateral view). F. Sepals. G. Staminodes. H. Stamens (filament of the right one sparsely puberulent). I. Petals. J. Carpels. K. Follicles (immature). Photographed by L. Wang.

FIGURE 11. Two specimens of Delphinium kamaonense of the collection L.H. Zhou & L.L. Sun1640 (HNWP) with sparsely pubescent filaments of stamens from Zekog county in eastern Qinghai, China.

FIGURE 12. Distribution of Delphinium kamaonense (●). The arrow indicates the type locality of D. latilimbum, i.e. Cona county in southern Xizang, China.