Hyalopsyche Ulmer

Oláh, János & Johanson, Kjell Arne, 2010, Contributions to the systematics of the genera Dipseudopsis, Hyalopsyche and Pseudoneureclipsis (Trichoptera: Dipseudopsidae), with descriptions of 19 new species from the Oriental Region., Zootaxa 2658, pp. 1-37 : 17

Hyalopsyche Ulmer

Hyalopsyche Ulmer, 1904: 357 . Type species: Hyalopsyche palpata Ulmer (monotypic); type locality: " French Congo " (Ogowe Faktorei).

Hyalopsychodes Betten, 1909: 237–238. Type species: H. rivalis Betten (monotypic); type locality: India ( East Bengal). Synonym according to Martynov, 1914: 20.

Hyalopsychella Ulmer, 1930: 422 . Type species: H. winkleri Ulmer (monotypic); type locality: Malaysia (Borneo). New Synonym.

This genus is known from the Palaearctic, Oriental, Australasian and Afrotropical Biogeographical Regions. All species have similar cephalic, thoracic and genital characters.

Adult. The cephalic and thoracic groove and setal wart patterns are very stable and persistent in all examined species and we present the head structures of Hyalopsyche sachalinica Martynov to represent the generic characteristics.

Head: Tentorium without dorsal arms and vestigial structures; rounded broadened flange present mesoventrally on middle of anterior arms. Frontogenal septa (i.e., internal folds of frontogenal and clypeogenal grooves) well-developed, with dorsal frontogenal arms extending dorsad from anterior tentorial pits to margin of circumantennal sclerites; posterior tentorial arms very short, extending and giving support to internal occipital ridges; tentorial bridge shifted posterad to posterior tentorial pits. Maxillary palps reduced in size (i.e., abbreviated to length of facial area) and adhering to frontogenal and clypeogenal surfaces in resting position; segment 5 of each maxillary palp shortened and annulations reduced. Laciniae reduced in size. Labial palps absent. Labrum with elongate, freely hanging apex. Single facial groove (short and fused frontal groove) visible only on face, its fusion being mediated by enlargement of scapes pressing interantennal area into narrow strip; coronal groove well-developed and visible along almost entire vertex. Central clypeal wart and labral posterior central warts weakly discernible on face and covered only scarcely with minute setae. Vertexal lateroantennal, occipital and postgenal compact setose warts present and visible on head dorsum. Vertexal medioantennal wart visible in limited area compressed by antennal groove and circumantennal sclerites of enlarged scapes.

Thorax: Pronotum and mesonotum variable. Spur formula 3(2), 4, 4. Number of apical forks in the forewings and hind wings variable among species.

Remarks. The description of Hyalopsyche was based originally on H. palpata Ulmer on the basis of having reduced wing venation, with reduced number of apical forks in the forewing and absence of hind wing forks I and IV. Marlier (1962) reported that forewing fork I and hind wing forks I, III and IV are absent in H. palpata Ulmer. New monotypic genera related to Hyalopsyche have been established based primarily on the presence or absence of apical wing forks. The genus Hyalopsychodes was described by Betten (1909) based on presence of forewing fork I. This genus was synonymised with Hyalopsyche by Martynov (1914). The genus Hyalopsychella was distinguished by the presence of a short forewing discoidal cell and the absence of forewing fork I and hind wing forks I and III. We observed a range in the length of the discoidal cell among species in the genus Hyalopsyche , being longest in H. trunga , new species and shortest in H. winkleri (Ulmer) . Below we describe H. trunga , new species from Vietnam, having only hind wing forks II and V present, and with a long discoidal cell in the forewings. The loss of apical forks, especially in the hind wings, occurs in some species, but these species are otherwise similar to species with intact wing forks, particularly in male genitalia. As the character states used for separating Hyalopsychella and Hyalopsyche are found also in Hyalopsyche , the genus Hyalopsychella is synonymised with Hyalopsyche .