Tomarus gyas Erichson, 1848

López-García, Margarita M., Giraldo-Mendoza, Alfredo E. & Deloya, Cuauhtémoc, 2019, Taxonomic synopsis of the genus Tomarus Erichson, 1847 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae) in Peru, Zootaxa 4604 (3), pp. 428-440 : 431-432

Tomarus gyas Erichson, 1848

( Figs. 9–12 )

Tomarus gyas Erichson, 1848: 561

Ligyrus amazonicus Arrow, 1914: 273

Diagnosis. Tomarus gyas is characterized by the antennal club subequal in length to antennomeres 2–7; clypeus narrowed towards apex (base 2.5 times wider than apex); frontoclypeal tubercles conical; pronotal tubercle acute and prominent to rounded; pronotal fovea rounded (2/ 3 x as wide as interocular distance) to narrow and shallow; protibial tridentate, with an additional basal denticle; apex of metatibia with 25 or more spinules; parameres with a long, acute tooth each side, apical half strongly contracted and slender, apices triangularly or roundly expanded ( Figs. 10–11 ).

Comments. Tomarus gyas is considered as variable in the shape of the parameres and pronotal fovea. However, it may be a complex of at least two species, and its taxonomic limits need to be reviewed. Locality records ( Fig. 12 ). 54 males and 59 females from CEIOC, CEUC, FSCA, MEKRB, SENASA, UNSM, and USNM. 9 specimens from CMNC. Ayacucho (3): La Mar, Santa Rosa. Cuzco (5): La Convención, Kinteroni; Pilcopata; Estación Biológica Villa Carmen; Quince Mil. Huánuco (13): Marañon, Tingo María. Junín (1): Satipo, Huancayo. La Libertad (2): Trujillo, Hacienda Casa Grande. Lima (1): Lima. Loreto (55): Explorama Inn, 25 mi NE Iquitos; Iquitos; Jungle Amazon Inn. Yanamono. Madre de Dios (34): Amazonas Lodge (N of Atalaya); Reserva Nacional Tambopata, 30 air km SW Puerto Maldonado. Ucayali (1): Lago Yarinacocha. San Martín (3): Huallaga. Moyobamba. Imprecise data (2): Peru.

Temporal distribution. January (4), April (6), May (1), June (6), July (30), August (16), September (5), October (3), November (39), December (5). No data (7)

Distribution. Costa Rica to Argentina. Records from Mexico to Nicaragua ( Ratcliffe et al. 2013; Ratcliffe & Cave 2006), and some from Costa Rica and Panama ( Ratcliffe 2003) correspond to T. discrepans Escalona & Joly, 2006 .

Natural history. The examined specimens were found between 300–1050 m.

Figures

FIGURES 9–12. Tomarus gyas: 9, habitus; 10, parameres in frontal view; 11, parameres in lateral view; 12, locality records in Peru. Habitus photograph by Yony Callohuari.