Pilbarascutigera incola ( Verhoeff, 1925 ) Verhoeff, 1925

Edgecombe, Gregory D. & Barrow, Lauren, 2007, A new genus of scutigerid centipedes (Chilopoda) from Western Australia, with new characters for morphological phylogenetics of Scutigeromorpha, Zootaxa 1409, pp. 23-50 : 26-43

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.5281/zenodo.175540

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5618798

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B2530A1A-FFE6-FFA2-C7C0-11EBFD261892

treatment provided by

Plazi

scientific name

Pilbarascutigera incola ( Verhoeff, 1925 )
status

comb. nov.

Pilbarascutigera incola ( Verhoeff, 1925) new comb.

Figs. 2–63 View FIGURE 2 View FIGURES 3 – 4 View FIGURES 5 – 12 View FIGURES 13 – 20 View FIGURES 21 – 28 View FIGURES 29 – 36 View FIGURES 37 – 44 View FIGURES 45 – 52 View FIGURES 53 – 60 View FIGURES 61 – 63

Allothereua incola Verhoeff, 1925: 18 View in CoL –19, pl. 1, figs. 1, 8.

Types: WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Broome: Ψ, ɗ, juvenile ɗ, in alcohol apart from slide mounts of parts of Ψ; Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet, Stockholm.

Other material: WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Pilbara . Collected by pitfall where range of dates is indicated. Department of Environment and Conservation Pilbara Survey except where other collectors indicated; numbers prefixed by ‘T’ = WAM. T57730, ɗ, Barrow Island, NW of Town Point, 20°47'18''S 115°27'43''E, leg. R. Teale, G. Harold, 18.xi.2003; T57731, ɗ, Barrow Island, terminal tanks, 20°47'24''S 115°27'22''E, leg. R. Teale, G. Harold, 18.ii.2003; T69857, 4 ΨΨ, ɗ, Bungaroo, 26.9 km S of Pannawonica, 21°49'08''S 116°17'59''E, leg. Z. Hamilton, 14–20.iii.2005; T69858, 6ΨΨ, 2 ɗɗ, T75216, Ψ, Waramboo, 50.5 km W of Pannawonica, 21°40'00''S 115°50'06''E, leg. D. Kamien, 14–20.iii.2005; T69859, 3 ΨΨ, 2 ɗɗ, Waramboo, 50.9 km W of Pannawonica, 21°40'09''S 115°49'54''E, leg. D. Kamien, 14–20.iii.2005; T69861–69867, Dampier Salt Biological, leg. D. Kamien, Z. Hamilton: T69861, 3 ΨΨ, 3.7 km WSW of Karratha, 20°46'02.6''S 116°42'53''E, 27.x.–2.xi.2005; T69862, 2 ΨΨ, 2 ɗɗ, 19.8 km WSW of Karratha, 20°48'09.6''S 116°39'55''E, 28.x.–3.xi.2005; T69863, ɗ, 13.7 km WSW of Karratha, 20°46'02.6''S 116°42'53''E, 27.x.– 2.xi.2005; T69864, 2 ΨΨ, ɗ, 18.0 km WSW of Karratha, 20°47'43.1''S 116°40'51''E, 27.x.–2.xi.2005; T69865, ɗ, 13.7 km WSW of Karratha, 20°46'02.6''S 116°42'53''E, 27.x.–2.xi.2005; T69866, Ψ, 15.3 km WSW of Karratha, 20°46'36.7''S 116°42'05''E, 27.x.–2.xi.2005; T69867, Ψ, ɗ, 17.4 km WSW of Karratha, 20°47'21.9''S 116°41'03''E, 27.x.–2.xi.2005; T69869, Ψ, Exmouth Gulf (Straits Saltfield), 30 km NW of Yanrey Hmst, 22°21'36''S 114°31'12''E, leg. R. Teale, 17–26.viii.2004; T76419, 5 ΨΨ, ɗ, Nullagine River, N of Nullagine, 21°46'13''S 120°05'31''E, 5.viii.–17.xi.2003; T76420–T76422, Millstream NP: T76420, 5 ΨΨ, 4 ɗɗ, 21°32'48''S 117°03'33''E, 15.vii.–23.xi.2003; T76421, 3 ΨΨ, 4 ɗɗ, 21°32'25''S 117°03'25''E, 23.xi.2003 – 8.v.2004; T76422, 9 ɗɗ, 21°18'37''S 117°16'35''E, 16.vii.–23.xi.2003; T76423, 4 ΨΨ, 2 ɗɗ, Coolawanyah Stn, SW of hmst, 21°50'00''S 117°36'39''E, 6.v.–11.x.2004; T76424, Ψ, ɗ, Cane River Reserve, 22°11'19''S 115°33'13''E, 27.ix.–27.xi.2003; T76425, 30 ΨΨ, 7 ɗɗ, Mt Stuart Stn, E of hmst, 22°25'48''S 116°16'47''E, 26.xi.2003 – 2.v.2004; T76426, T76427, Mt Stuart Stn, NE of hmst: T76426, 26 ΨΨ, 6 ɗɗ, 22°24'29''S 116°22'29''E, 26.xi.2003 – 2.v.2004; T76427, 2 ΨΨ, 22°25'30''S 116°25'57''E, 26.xi.2003 – 1.v.2004; T76428, T76429, Hamersley Range, SE of Mt Lockyer, 22°32'09''S 118°59'31''E: T76428, 9 ΨΨ, 3 ɗɗ, 30.xi.2003 – 22.v.2004; T76429, 5 ΨΨ, 8 ɗɗ, 22.v.–19.x.2004; T76430, 5 ΨΨ, Ophthalmia Range, Giles Point, 23°15'03''S 119°08'41''E, 20.xi.2003 – 25.v.2004; T76431, 2 ΨΨ, 2 ɗɗ, Hamersley Range, NE of Mt Robinson, 23°03'14''S 119°03'37''E, 1.ix.–19.xi.2003; T76432, 14 ΨΨ, 8 ɗɗ, Marillana Stn, Weeli Wolli Creek, 22°51'08''S 119°15'54''E, 31.viii.–19.xi.2003; T76433, 8 ΨΨ, 5 ɗɗ, Mundabullanga Stn, NE of hmst, 20°25'49''S 118°03'50''E, 14.xi.2003 – 12.v.2004; T76435, 3 ΨΨ, 4 ɗɗ, 1 indet., Macroy Stn, E of Mt Negri, 20°50'55''S 117°51'16''E, 11.vii.–13.xi.2003; T76436, 13 ΨΨ, 5 ɗɗ, Mardie Stn, NW of hmst, 21°03'56''S 116°09'02''E, 28.xi.2003 – 11.v.2004; T76595, T76596, crown land reserve, SE of Dampier, 20°46'05''S 116°50'31''E: T76595, 16 ΨΨ, 6 ɗɗ, undet. juvs., 12.xi.2003 – 10.v.2004; T76596, Ψ, 10.v.–2.x.2004; T76597–T76599, crown land reserve, NW of Mt Prinsep, 20°46'18''S 116°50'59''E: T76597, 56 ΨΨ, 53 ɗɗ, 3 indet., 12.xi.2003 – 10.v.2004; T76598, 12 ΨΨ, 9 ɗɗ, 1.vii.–12.xi.2003; T76599, 4 ΨΨ, 10 ɗɗ, 1 undet., 10.v.– 2.x.2004; T76600, Ψ, crown land reserve, NE of Mt Prinsep, 20°47'40''S 116°51'24''E, 10.v.–3.x.2004: T76601, T76602, Mt Welcome Stn, W of Mt Roe, 20°56'24''S 117°02'05''E, 10.v.–3.x.2004: T76601, 5 ΨΨ, 2 ɗɗ; T76602, 3 ΨΨ, 3 ɗɗ; T76606, T76607, Mt Welcome Stn, E of Mt Roe, 20°56'04''S 117°06'54''E, 12.xi.2003 – 9.v.2004: T76606, Ψ, ɗ; T76607, 3 ΨΨ, ɗ; T76610, 2 ΨΨ, 2 ɗɗ, Mt Welcome Stn, W of Mt Roe, 20°48'29''S 117°04'21''E, 5.vii.–12.xi.2003; T76003, T76005, water reserve, W of Cooya Pooya, 21°02'11''S 117°06'22''E: T76603, 7 ΨΨ, 3 ɗɗ, undet. juv., 12.xi.2003 – 10.v.2004; T76605, ɗ, 2.vii.–12.xi.2003; T76008, T76009, Mt Welcome Stn, W of Mt Gregory, 20°51'09''S 117°05'45''E: T76608, Ψ, ɗ, 12.xi.2003 – 9.v.2004; T76609, Ψ, 2 ɗɗ, 9.v.–3.x.2004; T76611–T76613, Mt Welcome Stn, W of Roebourne: T76611, 4 ΨΨ, 4 ɗɗ, 20°48'29''S 117°04'21''E, 6.x.2004 – 23.v.2005; T76612, ɗ, 20°44'11''S 117°05'56''E, 6.vii.–13.xi.2003; T76613, Ψ, 5 ɗɗ, 20°41'18''S 117°00'25''E, 6.vii.–13.xi.2003; T76614, T76615, Mundabullangana Stn, NE of hmst, 8.vii.–14.xi.2003; T76614, Ψ, 20°25'49''S 118°03'50''E; T76615, Ψ, 20°25'43''S 118°03'42''E; T76616, ɗ, Mundabullangana Stn, N of hmst, 20°28'49''S 118°02'26E, 12.v.–2.x.2004; T76617, 3 ΨΨ, 11 ɗɗ, 2 undet. juv., Macroy Stn, E of Mt Negri, 20°50'56''S 117°51'16''E, 13.v.–3.x.2004; T76618, Ψ, Mundabullangana Stn, SW of hmst, 20°52'12''S 117°51'32E, 13.v.–3.x.2004; T76620, Ψ, crown land res., NW of Mt Wilkie, 20°50'41''S 116°22'03E, 23.ix.–28.xi.2003; T76621, Ψ, Karratha Stn, N of hmst, 20°52'34''S 116°38'50E, 5.x.2004 – 20.v.2005; T76622, 5 ΨΨ, 2 ɗɗ, SW of Mt Regal, 20°51'14''S 116°40'08''E, 22.ix.–28.xi.2003; T76624, T76625, Mardie Stn, Eramurra Creek, 21°03'43''S 116°15'54''E; T76624, 5 ΨΨ, 6 ɗɗ, 24.ix.– 27.xi.2003; T76625, 25 ΨΨ, 21 ɗɗ, 4 indet., 11.v.–4.x.2004; T76627, ɗ, Mardie Stn, NW of hmst, 21°03'56''S 116°09'02''E, 24.ix.–28.xi.2003; T76630, T76631, Meentheena Stn, NW of hmst, 21°14'46''S 120°32'21''E: T76630, 5 ΨΨ, 3 ɗɗ, 16.xi.2003 – 18.v.2004; T76631, 4 ΨΨ, 8 ɗɗ, 2 undet. juv., 18.v.– 13.x.2004; T76632–T76634, uncleared CALM land, W of Yigalong Ck, 21°20'01''S 120°45'08''E: T76632, 2 ɗɗ, 31.vii.–16.xi.2003; T76633, 2 ΨΨ, 16.xi.2003 – 18.v.2004; T76634, Ψ, 18.v.–13.x.2004; T76635, T76636, Warrawagine Stn, near Pulgorah Cone, 21°19'19''S 121°00'08''E: T76635, 4 ΨΨ, 3 ɗɗ, 30.vii.–16.xi.2003; T76636, 4 ΨΨ, ɗ, 16.xi.2003 – 17.v.2004; T76638, 5 ΨΨ, Bonney Downs Stn, NW of hmst, 21°58'46''S 120°13'27''E, 18.xi.2003 – 28.viii.2004; T76640, 2 ΨΨ, 2 ɗɗ, Bonney Downs Stn, NE of hmst, 21°56'52''S 120°11'39''E, 20.v.–19.x.2004; T76642, 3 ɗɗ, Corruna Downs Stn, E of hmst, 21°28'48''S 120°05'27''E, 19.v.–20.x.2004; T76644, T76649, Coolawanyah Stn, SW of hmst: T76644, ɗ, 21°52'56''S 117°47'40''E, 6.v.– 13.x.2004; T76649, Ψ, 21°50'00''S 117°36'39''E, 5.ix.–25.xi.2003; T76645, T76646, Mt Florance Stn, NW of hmst, 21°47'12''S 117°51'44''E: T76645, Ψ, 2 ɗɗ, 3.ix.–24.xi.2003; T76646, 2 ΨΨ, 5.v.–10.x.2004; T76647, T76648, Coolawanyah Stn, Chichester Range: T76647, Ψ, 21°45'59''S 117°49'31''E, 4.ix.–24.xi.2003; T76648, Ψ, ɗ, 21°42'51''S 117°46'32''E, 5.v.–11.x.2004; T76653–T76659, T76664, T76666–T76671, Millstream Chichester NP: T76653, ɗ, 21°20'23''S 117°15'36''E, 23.xi.2003 – 8.v.2004; T76654, T76655, 21°19'41''S 117°14'35''E: T76654, 2 ΨΨ, 2 ɗɗ, 16.vii.–23.xi.2003; T76655, Ψ, 4 ɗɗ, 23.xi.2003 – 8.v.2004; T76656–T76658, 21°20'29''S 117°11'19''E; T76656, 2 ΨΨ, 17.vii.–23.xi.2003; T76657, 2 ΨΨ, 23.xi.2003 – 8.v.2004; T76658, 2 ΨΨ, 5 ɗɗ, 8.v.–13.x.2004; T76659, Ψ, 3 ɗɗ, 21°20'29''S 117°11'19''E, 13.x.2004 – 12.v.2005; T76664, 9 ΨΨ, 3 ɗɗ, 21°32'48''S 117°03'33''E, 23.xi.2003 – 8.v.2004; T76666, 3 ɗɗ, 21°32'25''S 117°03'25''E, 8.v.–11.x.2004; T76667–T76669, 21°23'03''S 117°03'38''E: T76667, 4 ΨΨ, 18.vii.–23.xi.2003; T76668, 9 ΨΨ, 3 ɗɗ, 23.xi.2003 – 7.v.2004; T76669, 2 ΨΨ, ɗ, 7.v.–11.x.2004; T76670, T76671, 21°18'37''S 117°16'35''E: T76670, 2 ΨΨ, 2 ɗɗ, 23.xi.2003 – 8.v.2004; T76671, 3 ΨΨ, 10 ɗɗ, 8.v.–11.x.2004; T76673, T76674, T76676–T76678, Hamersley Range, SE of Mt Robinson: T76673, Ψ, 23°11'07''S 119°14'17''E, 30.viii.–20.xi.2003; T76674, 3 ΨΨ, 5 ɗɗ, 23°08'46''S 119°15'57''E, 2.ix.–20.xi.2003; T76676, 2 ɗɗ, 23°06'12''S 119°02'20''E, 2.ix.–20.xi.2003; T76678, ɗ, 23°03'14''S 119°10'37''E, 25.v.–16.x.2004; T76680, Ψ, 5 ɗɗ, Marillana Stn, Weeli Wolli Creek, 22°51'08''S 119°15'54''E, 24.v.–16.x.2004; T76684, 4 ΨΨ, 3 ɗɗ, Hamersley Range, SE of Mt Lockyer, 23°32'06''S 118°58'38''E, 11.viii.–20.xi.2003; T76685, 4 ΨΨ, 5 ɗɗ, Mulga-Downs Stn, near Outcamp, 22°20'05''S 118°59'19''E, 21.xi. 2003 – 24.v.2004; T76687, 3 ΨΨ, ɗ, Mulga- Downs Stn, NW of hmst, 22°04'08''S 118°58'43''E, 23.v.–29.x.2004; T76688, 8 ΨΨ, 3 ɗɗ, 2 undet. juv., Mulga-Downs Stn, SW of hmst, 22°08'05''S 119°01'27''E, 21.xi. 2003 – 23.v.2004; T76691–T76696, T76702, Mt Stuart Stn: T76691, 6 ΨΨ, 5 ɗɗ, SE of hmst, 23°24'17''S 116°08'54''E, 2.v.–7.x.2004; T76692, Ψ, ɗ, SE of hmst, 23°34'17''S 116°08'54''E, 2.v.–7.x.2004; T76693, Ψ, 2 ɗɗ, NW of hmst, 22°25'09''S 115°50'16''E, 3.v.– 7.x.2004; T76694, 7 ΨΨ, 7 ɗɗ, NE of hmst, 23°25'31''S 116°12'55''E, 1.v.–10.x.2004; T76695, 4 ΨΨ, ɗ, NE of hmst, 22°26'15''S 116°16'27''E, 1.v.–10.x.2004; T76696, 2 ΨΨ, 2 ɗɗ, E of hmst, 22°25'48''S 116°16'47''E, 9.ix.–26.xi.2003; T76702, Ψ, 5 ɗɗ, E of hmst, 22°25'48''S 116°16'47''E, 2.v.–10.x.2004; T76704, ɗ, Cane River Reserve, 22°06'15''S 115°34'04''E, 3.ix.–27.xi.2003; T76706, 4 ΨΨ, ɗ, Cane River Reserve, 22°07'12''S 115°34'12''E, 27.xi.2003 – 30.iv.2004; T76798, Ψ, Cane River Reserve, 22°10'11''S 115°32'39''E, 30.iv.– 30.ix.2004; T76709, T76710, Cane River Reserve, 22°11'36''S 115°33'13''E: T76709, 3 ΨΨ, 28.ix.– 27.xi.2003; T76710, 2 ΨΨ, 2 ɗɗ, 29.iv.–30.ix.2004; T76712–76714, Nanutarra Stn, NE of hmst: T76712, Ψ, 5 ɗɗ, 22°27'50''S 115°38'04''E, 1.v.–1.x.2004; T76713, Ψ, 29.ix.–26.xi.2003; T76714, ɗ, 22°27'08''S 115°39'41''E, 1.v.–1.x.2004; T76719, ɗ, Cape Preston, site 2, 21 °00'55''S 116°11'32''E, 10–25.iv.2000; T76734, ɗ, Ophthalmia Range, Giles Point, 23°15'03''S 119°08'41''E, 25.v.–16.x.2004; AM KS 92757, Ψ, Juna Downs Stn, Great Northern Hwy, approx. 8 km S of Kanijini Dr turnoff, 22°41'36''S 118°42'19''E, CVA volunteers, 23–28.ix.2005; AM KS 92758, Ψ, Hamersley Stn, Pindering paddock, 22°24'28''S 117°50'07''E, leg. S. Lassau, M. Elliott, L. Kampen, M. Bulbert, 14–22.iv.2005; AM KS 92759, Ψ, Hamersley Stn, Pindering paddock, 22°20'50''S 117°48'59''E, leg. S. Lassau, M. Elliott, L. Kampen, M. Bulbert, 14–22.iv.2005; AM KS 97166, 97167, 2 ΨΨ, Roebourne-Wittenoom Rd, 14.9 km S of Tom Price Rwy Rd junction, 21°31'58.6''S 117°10'48.5''E, leg. M. Bulbert, J. Gollan, S. Ginn, G. Brown, 21–31.v.2006; AM KS 97168, ɗ, Nanutarra- Wittenoom Rd, 119.6 km W of Paraburdoo-Tom Price Rd junction, 22°41'28.5''S 116°18'49.2''E, leg. M. Bulbert, J. Gollan, S. Ginn, G. Brown, 22.v.–1.vi.2006.

Description: Length up to 31 mm in males, 28 mm in females.

Colour: Head capsule typically orange-brown with radiating dark brown network covering most or all of dorsal side of head behind sutures; some populations with rather uniformly orange head capsule, radiating network of darker pigment confined to posterolateral part of head; tergal plates with yellowish-orange, bright orange or pale tan medial band with diffuse dark brown, blackish or orange-brown pigment that becomes more concentrated as a pair of longitudinal bands on more posterior segments; stoma saddles generally orange-yellow or pale tan/whitish, often with diffuse blackish, red-brown or reddish pigment; lateral flanks of tergal plates pale orange, each side with a variably strong mottled longitudinal band of blackish, dark brown or reddish-brown pigment. Legs pale to moderate orange, sometimes yellow, usually without significant concentric banding, rarely with well defined bluish bands on femur, tibia, and basal article of tarsus I. Sternites yellow-orange in anterior segments, more intensely orange in posterior segments.

Head capsule: Anterior projection of sutures short, triangular, pointing straight anteriorly ( Fig. 21 View FIGURES 21 – 28 ). Posteromedian impression moderately deep. Antenna 1.2–1.5 times body length. First flagellum with 56–124 articles apart from specimens in which node is undifferentiated with extreme asymmetry (e.g., 65/173 or 174/ 78 articles) between left and right antennae, mean 75 articles (N=84, specimens> 14 mm body length); asymmetry between numbers of articles in first flagellum on each side of a specimen usually less than 10 articles, ranging to 26; ring-like articles with two or three whorls of densely arranged hairs with a flattened section and gentle curvature ( Fig. 19 View FIGURES 13 – 20 ) and a few trichoid setae in a single whorl encircling distal end of article ( Fig. 20 View FIGURES 13 – 20 ); hairs on distal part of second flagellum in either one or two whorls per article, these differing whorl numbers typically on alternating articles. Tömösváry organ small, in typical position between eye and base of antenna ( Fig. 27 View FIGURES 21 – 28 ); median pore encircled by a few rings of small swellings.

Epipharynx: Lateral bar of labral trapezoid with narrow longitudinal groove along whole length of bar ( Fig. 7 View FIGURES 5 – 12 ). Labral bristles differentiated into narrow outer band of short, pectinate bristles and wider inner band of longer simple bristles ( Fig. 6 View FIGURES 5 – 12 ). Two clusters of sensilla along midline of labral trapezoid: more distal unpaired, transverse group of a few dozen bottle-shaped sensilla ( Fig. 9 View FIGURES 5 – 12 ) at termination of median ridge ( Fig. 7 View FIGURES 5 – 12 ), and proximal cluster composed of three aggregations of sensilla at proximal sclerotized bulge ( Fig. 10 View FIGURES 5 – 12 ); proximal aggregations comprise a lateral pair of groups of mostly bottle-shaped sensilla and a few buttonshaped sensilla ( Fig. 11 View FIGURES 5 – 12 ), and slightly distal to the lateral aggregations a median side-by-side pair of buttonshaped sensilla. Chevron-shaped spine row of triangular and distally-curved denticles at border between labral and clypeal part of epipharynx ( Fig. 12 View FIGURES 5 – 12 ); immediately proximal to spine row is dense median field of pectinate spines composed of broadly rhomboid distal portion with pectinate spines and narrow, subparallel-sided proximal portion ( Fig. 13 View FIGURES 13 – 20 ) with multifurcating spines. Broadly ovate cluster of nipple-and bottle-shaped sensilla on medial part of clypeal triangle ( Fig. 14 View FIGURES 13 – 20 ), a short distance behind dense field of branching spines ( Fig. 13 View FIGURES 13 – 20 ); ovate groupings of about 10 nipple-shaped sensilla form pair of lateral clusters set in weak depression at a level of about midlength of dense median spine field. Pair of lateral spine fields ( Fig. 15 View FIGURES 13 – 20 ) proximal to lateral clusters of sensilla within clypeal part of epipharynx; spines uniformly slender, elongate; a few pores of apparently epidermal glands in spine field. Median transverse band of six or seven spines, some bifid, immediately in front of mouth.

Hypopharynx: Elongate, deeply projecting into preoral chamber ( Fig. 17 View FIGURES 13 – 20 ). Bars of lateral sclerotised fork with lateral bulges. Median excavation on proximal part of frontal surface bordered laterally by flattened bipectinate bristles ( Fig. 16 View FIGURES 13 – 20 ); pectinate bristles form in addition a few rows on distal part of hypopharynx ( Fig. 18 View FIGURES 13 – 20 ). Paramedial rows of button-like sensilla on tip of tongue, each sensillum with an ovate rim that is in turn enclosed by an incomplete, horseshoe-shaped rim ( Fig. 18 View FIGURES 13 – 20 , inset). Cluster of sensilla-like structures in front of mouth between median excavation and converging flattened bars of proximal fork with more or less rhomboid arrangement.

Mandible: About 20 pectinate lamellae in large specimens ( Fig. 22 View FIGURES 21 – 28 ); individual spines at tips of pectinate lamellae with ridge on inner side and many small, blunt marginal serrations. Three teeth, each with three cusps, surface smooth ( Fig. 24 View FIGURES 21 – 28 ). Narrow fringe of pectinate bristles along dorsal half of pectinate lamellae and against teeth; each bristle with many short lateral branches along all but terminal part ( Fig. 23 View FIGURES 21 – 28 ). Haarpolster has narrow molar plate along most of its length ( Figs. 25, 26 View FIGURES 21 – 28 ); surface of molar plate composed of about six dense spine rows. Haarpolster bristles arranged in numerous imbricated bands of pectinate bristles.

First maxilla: Dense field of brush-like setae on inner margin of distal article of telopodite with typical scutigeromorph structure (basal half smooth, distal half with many short back-curved spines: Fig. 28 View FIGURES 21 – 28 ). Coxal process with short, simple setae evenly scattered over its ventral surface.

Second maxilla: Typical scutigerid arrangement of elongate spine bristles at distal ends of podomeres (dorsal and ventral spine bristles on prefemur; four spine bristles on femur; two dorsal spine bristles on tibia: Figs. 29–31 View FIGURES 29 – 36 ). All spine bristles with similar surface details, spiniform scales, short proximally, becoming more elongate distally ( Fig. 32 View FIGURES 29 – 36 ) to confer a ridged or fluted surface to distal third of spine bristle. Tarsus densely setose, with slender, distally curved, setiform spines between longer trichoid setae at tip ( Fig. 33 View FIGURES 29 – 36 ).

Maxillipede: Four spine bristles on anterior margin of coxa about equal in length to coxa ( Fig. 36 View FIGURES 29 – 36 ); surface ornament of spine bristles similar to those on second maxilla. Spine comb (Dornenkamm of Borucki 1996) along inner side of tarsus ( Fig. 34 View FIGURES 29 – 36 ); spines twisted distally, terminating in a rounded bulb ( Fig. 35 View FIGURES 29 – 36 ). Poison calyx cylindrical; poison duct extending to base of tarsus.

Tergal plates: Outlines as shown in Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 . Stoma saddles weakly inflated. Spiracles relatively short ( Fig. 41 View FIGURES 37 – 44 ). Spines first appear on T 3 in most specimens, exceptionally T2, in which case they are few and confined to the lateral part of the tergal plate or include one to three spines on stoma saddle; spines consistently paired with a Stachelborste or, more commonly, a Tastborste; pairing of spine and Stachelborste most common on anteromedian part of TT3–4, with more posterior parts of those plates having spines paired with Tastborsten; consistent pairing of Tastborste and spine on TT5–8 ( Fig. 44 View FIGURES 37 – 44 ); Tastborsten generally slightly longer than their associated spine. Numerous isolated Tastborsten (not associated with spines) on tergal plates ( Fig. 40 View FIGURES 37 – 44 ). TT4–7 with more or less even distribution of spines/Tastborsten on medial and lateral parts of tergal plate as well as on stoma saddles ( Fig. 41 View FIGURES 37 – 44 ). Spines usually first appear on stoma saddle of T3 or T4, sometimes on T5, rarely on T2 stoma saddle; number of spines on stoma saddles as shown in Table 1 View TABLE 1 . Spicula small, triangular, each separated by several polygonal scales that lack spicula ( Fig. 43 View FIGURES 37 – 44 ), in some specimens spicula weaker on medial than lateral parts of tergal plates. Margins of TT1 and 2 with alternating Tastborsten and Stachelborsten; spines fringe margin from posterior ½–2/3 of T3– or T4–T8; marginal spines quite varied in size, from small to moderately large, each spine paired with a Tastborste ( Fig. 43 View FIGURES 37 – 44 ).

Legs: Tarsus I and II segmentation as shown in Tables 2 View TABLE 2 and 3. Leg 15 with up to 359 tarsomeres. Prefemoral spine bristles (“end spines”) 2/1 on legs 1–14, 1/1 on leg 15. Femoral spine bristles 1/2 on all legs. Tibial spine bristles 0/1 on leg 1, 1/1 or ½ on leg 2 (posterior ventral spine bristle short when present), consistently ½ from leg 3, posterior ventral spine bristle becoming about as long as anterior ventral spine bristle ( Fig. 49 View FIGURES 45 – 52 ) from leg 5. Spine rows on prefemur ( Fig. 47 View FIGURES 45 – 52 ), femur ( Fig. 48 View FIGURES 45 – 52 ) and tibia consistently with spine/Tastborste pairing. Basal article of tarsus 1 with spines (single distal posterior spine) first appearing on legs 3–6, irregularly increasing on more posterior legs to maximum of 8–16 spines in longitudinal posterior row in leg 14 ( Fig. 50 View FIGURES 45 – 52 ); numbers on each leg variable (e.g., leg 8 with 3–7 spines in longitudinal posterior row).

Tarsus II of legs 1–14 with tarsal papillae (Tarsalzapfen) on successive segments excepting first and last few segments on each leg; papillae usually paired, exceptionally arranged as two pairs per segment ( Fig. 51 View FIGURES 45 – 52 ). Cluster of setae on ventrolateral side of tarsi II arranged in two or three transverse bands of three or four setae per band ( Fig. 52 View FIGURES 45 – 52 ). Resilient sole hairs (federnden Sohlenhaare of Verhoeff 1904b) originating near posteromedial edge of tarsal papilla, extending to about half length of the succeeding segment.

Sternites: Posterior margin with gentle to moderate concavity medially, on each side of a posteriorly-convex extent. Longitudinal median furrow in anterior half or more of sternites; sternites scattered with setae except for on posterior part of anterior segments; margin fringed by many short setae; sternal setae finer on more posterior segments, which bear minute multifurcating spinulae (Haardörchen of Verhoeff) and scattered Tastborsten.

Female: Gonopod with maximum length 1.7–2.5 times maximum width (ratio A/B of Würmli 1973, fig. 1); longitudinal median suture in proarthron complete. Lateral margins of proarthron gently divergent posteriorly ( Fig. 61 View FIGURES 61 – 63 ), nearly parallel sided ( Fig. 62 View FIGURES 61 – 63 ), or gently convergent posteriorly ( Fig. 63 View FIGURES 61 – 63 ). Subtriangular depression (Grube of Verhoeff) on proarthron shallow, bearing at most just a few short setae ( Fig. 56 View FIGURES 53 – 60 ). Proarthron 1.0–1.45 times length of mesarthron (ratio C/D of Würmli 1973). Coarsest setae on proarthron slightly thicker than those on mesarthron apart from cluster at distomedial corner of mesarthron, this cluster usually composed of 10–15 setae ( Fig. 57 View FIGURES 53 – 60 ). Sinus between mesarthron usually broadly parabolic, its apex typically weakly pointed but sometimes distinctly pointed ( Fig. 61 View FIGURES 61 – 63 ) or, less commonly, approximately transverse ( Fig. 63 View FIGURES 61 – 63 ); width of mesarthron 0.5–0.8 maximum width of sinus (ratio F/G of Würmli 1973). Mesarthron with numerous sensilla (apparently sensilla coeloconica; cf. Ernst & Rosenberg 2003) between its setae, including conical sensilla ( Fig. 58 View FIGURES 53 – 60 , inset); sensilla surrounded by narrow, circular rim. Proarthron + mesarthron 1.0–1.7 times length of metarthron (ratio C+D/E of Würmli 1973). Outer margin of metarthron nearly straight for much of its length. Ventral surface of metarthron scattered with small, blunt sensilla coeloconica ( Fig. 59 View FIGURES 53 – 60 ); single row of sensilla coeloconica along outer margin of metarthron; a few setae on dorsal side of metarthron. Subanal plate drop-shaped, maximum height slightly more than half its length, with blunt, rounded distal end and nearly symmetrical dorsal and ventral margins ( Fig. 53 View FIGURES 53 – 60 ); smooth, non-setose band along middle of subanal plate in its posterior half to two-thirds ( Fig. 54 View FIGURES 53 – 60 ); setae of varied size on outer surface of subanal plate, predominantly slender subspiniform setae and short, conical, spiniform setae, between which are slender, curved hairs ( Fig. 55 View FIGURES 53 – 60 ); setation becoming coarser posteroventrally, with spiniform setae concentrated on posterior third of subanal plate. Telson elongate triangular with rounded posterior apex in both sexes, bearing abundant setae and slender, curved hairs as on subanal plate.

Male: Typically scutigerid gonopod styles on first and second genital segment ( Fig. 60 View FIGURES 53 – 60 ); both pairs of gonopods densely covered with setae; terminal part with short, spiniform setae between longer setae. Subanal plate with parabolic outline, relatively shorter than in female, non-setose band along its length at midwidth.

Discussion: The large sample size allowed recognition that several characters that differ between many Pilbara specimens and the types of Pilbarascutigera incola also vary within populations. This is most notable with respect to how far anteriorly unpaired spines first appear on the tergal plates, with spines generally but inconsistently appearing on more anterior plates in Pilbara specimens. The types of P. i n c o l a have Stachelborsten but not spines on TT1–3; T4 has Stachelborsten on the midline and stoma saddles but lacks spines on those regions, although a few spines are paired with longer Stachelborsten laterally; T5 has the spines paired with Tastborsten or some of the spines paired with Stachelborsten; TT6 and 7 have the spines paired with Tastborsten. Most Pilbara specimens have the first appearance of a Tastborste/spine pairing on T3 rather than on T5, and usually have spines developed in rows along the midline and on the stoma saddles of TT3 and 4. However, Pilbara specimens include those with no spines on the midline or stoma saddle of T4, as in the types of P. i n c o l a, and the first appearance of the spine/bristle pairing on the midline and stoma saddles ranges from TT3 to 5 even within single populations. Concerning variability in spine numbers on the stoma saddles, 15 maturus stage specimens from northwest of Mt Prinsep near Karratha (WAM T76597) have 0–3 spines on the saddles of T2, 4–12 spines on the saddles of T3, 7–18 spines on T4, 12–24 spines on T5, 15–25 spines on T6, and 10–24 spines on T7.

Variability is shown across the Pilbara with respect to whether slender Stachelborsten are present on TT1 and 2 (more pigmented and distinctly thicker than the Tastborsten on those plates) or more robust Stachelborsten, but this variation intergrades within and between samples. Pigmentation is variable, notably with respect to the degree to which dark longitudinal bands are developed on the tergal plates, the head has a dark mottled network, and red pigmentation is observed on the stoma saddles (see Figs. 3 and 4 View FIGURES 3 – 4 for typical orange-brown versus more uniformly orange specimens). Exceptionally specimens with bands on the legs are observed in samples that otherwise lack distinct bands, and the banded specimens are otherwise typical of the species. Female gonopod proportions are variable at all localities, notably with respect to the shape of the inner margin of the mesarthron and the orientation of the lateral margin of the pro- and mesarthron, and the intergradation between specimens does not provide a basis for identifying more than a single species. The considerable degree of variability in the number of tarsal segments (see Tables 2 View TABLE 2 and 3), even within populations, is consistent with previous criticism of the taxonomic value of this character (Muraleviĕ 1910; Chamberlin 1920), in contrast to the works of Verhoeff, who employed rather narrow tarsal segment counts even at the generic level. The data in tables 1–3, as well as counts of antennal segmentation, were restricted to specimens that represent the pseudomaturus and maturus stages of Verhoeff (1904b). Antennal and tarsal segmentation show a general pattern of increased segmentation with size, though much less consistently than was the case for the few specimens of Scutigera coleoptrata and Podothereua insularum recorded by Verhoeff (Verhoeff 1902 – 1925); most of the range of variation is observed within the maturus stage, as was likewise observed by Murakami (1959) in Thereuopoda clunifera .

TABLE 1. Number of spines on stoma saddle for TT 1 – 7. 64 specimens (128 stoma saddles) of body length> 14 mm examined from across geographic range of species. N refers to number of stoma saddles bearing spines.

Tergal plate N Range Mean
1 0 - -
2 6 0–3 0.15
3 56 0–12 2.47
4 114 0–22 8.50
5 128 4–27 13.00
6 127 6–29 15.37
7 116 2–24 12.01

TABLE 2. Number of segments in tarsus I. N refers to number of legs.

Leg N Range Mean
1 63 10–22 17.1
2 55 9–20 13.9
3 60 7–18 11.4
4 56 7–14 10.6
5 57 6–22 10.0
6 49 7–14 9.6
7 37 7–15 9.2
8 36 7–11 8.8
9 28 7–12 8.8
10 27 8–13 9.3
11 22 8–11 9.3
12 23 8–11 9.6
13 21 8–12 10.0
14 22 8–13 10.5
WAM

Western Australian Museum

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Chilopoda

Order

Scutigeromorpha

Family

Scutigeridae

Genus

Pilbarascutigera

Loc

Pilbarascutigera incola ( Verhoeff, 1925 )

Edgecombe, Gregory D. & Barrow, Lauren 2007
2007
Loc

Allothereua incola

Verhoeff 1925: 18
1925
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