EXOMALOPSINI BASED ON MATURE LARVAE

Rozen, Jerome G., 2011, Immatures of Exomalopsine Bees with Notes on Nesting Biology and a Tribal Key to Mature Larvae of Noncorbiculate, Nonparasitic Apinae (Hymenoptera: Apidae), American Museum Novitates 2011 (3726), pp. 1-52 : 11-14

KEY TO SPECIES Of EXOMALOPSINI BASED ON MATURE LARVAE

Although there are slight differences among species of the subgenus Anthophorisca as reflected in their descriptions, these features are of questionable value and are not incorporated in the key. Salivary lips of Teratognatha modesta are projecting but not as markedly so as in other cocoon spinning exomalopsines; for that reason, this species will run both ways at couplet 1.

1. Head capsule with salivary lips not projecting or at most only slightly so (non–cocoon spinning)....................................................... 2

– Head capsule with strongly projecting salivary lips (larval stage possibly cocoon spinning some time in annual life cycle)........................................ 5

2(1). Antennal papilla large, somewhat longer than basal diameter, and clearly longer than maxillary palpus; mandibular apex subtruncate with declivity between apical teeth shallow; lower edge of cusp bearing 5–6 very large spines.. Teratognatha modesta

– Antennal papilla small, always shorter than basal diameter and shorter than maxillary palpus; mandibular apex terminating in two or three teeth separated by distinct declivities; spines of lower cuspal edge smaller, less conspicuous......... 3

3(2). Mandibular apex nearly parallel sided in outer or inner view (fig. 31), ending in two acutely pointed teeth; abdominal segment 10 without dorsolateral patch of spicules on each side......................... Anthophorula (Isomalopsis) uncicornis

– Sides of mandibular apex broadly expanded in inner or outer view (figs. 32, 33), terminating in two or three teeth; if ending in two, these teeth obtusely rounded (figs. 6, 33); abdominal segment 10 with dorsolateral patch of spicules on each side... 4

4(3). Mandibular apex trifid (when unworn) (fig. 35); spiracular subatrium short, consisting of approximately 6 chambers...... Exo. (Exomalopsis) auropilosa and bruesi

– Mandibular apex bifid; spiracular subatrium longer, consisting of approximately 12 chambers............................ Exo. (Stilbomalopsis) solani and solidaginis

5(1). Antennal papilla elongate, conical, about as long as basal diameter, and about as long as, or longer than, maxillary palpus; small-bodied species.................... 6

– Antennal papilla short, apically rounded, much shorter than basal diameter except in A. nitens in which maxillary palpus clearly longer than antennal papilla; larger-bodied species......................................................... 8

6(5). Mandibular cusp (figs. 41–44) narrow (i.e., lamellate) without planar surface, projecting basad of dorsal subapical tooth, its edge irregular except for large, thumblike spine rising from ventral side (figs. 41–44); mandibular apex slender in outer or inner view (fig. 42), its maximum subapical width only slightly greater than more basil width.......................................... Eremapis parvula

– Mandibular cusp broader (not lamellate) with planar surface having numerous spines basal to subapical tooth; mandibular apex broadening subapically in outer or inner view, its maximum subapical width broader than more basal width (figs. 38, 40)................................................................. 7

7(6). Mandibular apex rounded on postdefecating larva (fig. 38), not truncated; on predefecating larva (fig. 37), dorsal apical tooth large, extending well beyond smaller ventral tooth; salivary lips projecting more, faintly pigmented, wider; spines along ventral cuspal edge smaller, less sharply pointed; distribution Chile 3 .................................................... Chilimalopsis parvula

– Mandible apex truncated, with dorsal apical angle not, or scarcely, exceeding ventral apical angle (figs. 39, 40); salivary lips less projecting, unpigmented, narrower; spines along ventral cuspal edge of mandible more robust and sharply pointed; distribution Argentina.............................. Teratognatha modesta

3 Another species of Chilimalopsis is found in Argentina.

8(5). Mandibular apex with dorsal tooth obtusely rounded, with notch separating it from rounded ventral tooth weak (fig. 32); both teeth subequal in length; when worn, apex becoming subtruncate and notch disappearing....... A. (Anthophorula) completa

– Mandibular apex with both teeth acutely pointed (fig. 33); ventral tooth much shorter than dorsal tooth with notch between them well identified.............................. A. (Anthophorisca) chionura , consobrina , nitens , sidae