Africonus vulcanus ( Tenorio & Afonso, 2004 )

Tenorio, Manuel J., Abalde, Samuel, Pardos-Blas, José R. & Zardoya, Rafael, 2020, Taxonomic revision of West African cone snails (Gastropoda: Conidae) based upon mitogenomic studies: implications for conservation, European Journal of Taxonomy 663 (663), pp. 1-89 : 46-47

Africonus vulcanus ( Tenorio & Afonso, 2004)

Fig. 6K

Conus vulcanus Tenorio & Afonso, 2004: 25 , pl. 1.

Africonus miguelfiadeiroi Cossignani & Fiadeiro, 2015c: 3 .

Material examined

Holotype

CABO VERDE • 25.2 mm; Boa Vista Island, Porto Ferreira ; MJT leg.; MNCN 15.05/46652 ( Fig. 6K ).

Other material

CABO VERDE • 1 spec.; Boa Vista Island, Porto Ferreira ; 16º7ʹ45ʺ N, 22º40ʹ17ʺ W; 1 Jul. 2013; MNCN exped.; GenBank mitochondrion, partial genome: MF491555 ; MNCN 15.05/80405 • 1 spec.; Boa Vista Island, Praia Canto ; 16º11ʹ10ʺ N, 22º42ʹ28ʺ W; 6 Apr. 2013; MNCN exped.; GenBank mitochondrion, partial genome: MF491554 ; MNCN 15.05/80404 • 1 spec.; Boa Vista Island, Jorrita , Baía das Gatas ; 16º12ʹ9ʺ N, 22º42ʹ22ʺ W; 6 Apr. 2013; MNCN exped.; GenBank mitochondrion, partial genome: MF491548 ; MNCN 15.05/80398 .

Geographical distribution

East and northeast coasts of Boa Vista Island, Cabo Verde Archipelago.

Conservation status in IUCN Red List

Least concern.

Remarks

There are at least three distinctive populations of this taxon distributed along the east and northeast coasts of Boa Vista Island. One of them from Praia Canto was introduced as a distinct species named Africonus miguelfiadeiroi , but upon comparison of its mitogenome sequence, as well as its radular anatomy, we conclude that it is conspecific with A. vulcanus , representing a mere color form. In analogous fashion, the mitogenomic analysis of an individual from Jorrita, in Baía das Gatas belonging to a yet unnamed population often confused with A. evorai (a morph of A. crotchii ), indicates that the individuals of this population are also conspecific with A. vulcanus , thus expanding the known range of this species to the north. A. vulcanus is phylogenetically very close to its sister species A. delanoyae (see above).

Figures

Fig. 6 (opposite page). A. Conus navarroi navarroi Rolán, 1986, holotype, 16 mm (MNCN 15.05/1008). B. Africonus angeluquei Tenorio, Abalde & Zardoya, 2018 (= perrineae Cossignani & Fiadeiro, 2018), holotype, 30.0 mm (MNCN 15.05/78710). C. Conus raulsilvai Rolán, Monteiro & Fernandes, 1998, holotype, 19.7 mm (MNCN 15.05/27230). D. Conus regonae Rolán & Trovão, 1990, holotype, 32.7 mm (MNCN 15.05/1092). E. Conus roeckeli Rolán, 1980, holotype, 13.2 mm (MNCN 15.05/1049). F. Africonus salletae Cossignani, 2014, holotype, 15.5 mm (MMM). G. Africonus santaluziensis Cossignani & Fiadeiro, 2015, paratype, 28.1 mm (Paul Kersten coll.). H. Africonus santanaensisAfonso & Tenorio, 2014, holotype, 17.1 mm (MNCN 15.05/60118). I. Conus saragasae Rolán, 1986, holotype, 21.8 mm (MNCN 15.05/1009). J. Africonus verdensis (Trovão, 1979), 22.5 mm (MNCN 15.05/78864). K. Conus vulcanus Tenorio & Afonso, 2004, holotype, 25.2 mm (MNCN 15.05/46652). L. Chelyconus ermineus (Born, 1778), 54.3 mm (MNCN 15.05/80014). M. Genuanoconus genuanus (Linnaeus, 1758), 50.2 mm (MNCN 15.05/78547). N. Kalloconus ateralbus(Kiener, 1850),40.1 mm(MNCN 15.05/79649). O. Kalloconus byssinus (Röding, 1798), 56.4 mm (MNCN 15.05/90429). Scale bars = 10 mm.