Plectranthias yamakawai Yoshino, 1972
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publication ID |
https://dx.doi.org/10.3897/aiep.52.96112 |
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publication LSID |
lsid:zoobank.org:pub:46283E3F-5CA2-4CD7-AC4D-5D164C8ACB96 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A8BA25A0-41DA-5A5F-99A6-4FBFDDF2D8A8 |
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treatment provided by |
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scientific name |
Plectranthias yamakawai Yoshino, 1972 |
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Plectranthias yamakawai Yoshino, 1972
(Figs 1 View Figure 1 and 3 View Figure 3
Material examined.
UPVMI-01360, 168.86 mm SL, Zambales fish market, the Philippines, 1 March 2022, leg. R.P. Babaran.
Morphological diagnosis and description.
Single specimen of Plectranthias yamakawai had following combination of characters: dorsal-fin spines X, dorsal-fin soft rays 18, anal-fin spines III, anal-fin soft rays 7, pectoral-fin rays 13, lateral-line scales 31, scales above lateral line 5, scales below lateral line 17, and gill rakers 6 + 10. Body compressed, moderately deep, depth 2.18 in SL; head large (length 2.19 in SL, depth 3.86 in SL), slightly convex dorsally. Mouth large, terminal; maxilla large, expanded easily, exposed when mouth closed; lower jaw significantly extending beyond upper jaw; opercle consisting of three spines (middle spine strongest and longest); preopercle serrated with three antrorse spines on lower margin of left side and two spines on right side; subopercle and interopercle margins not serrated. Teeth on both jaws minute; two enlarged conical teeth on right side and three on left side positioned anterior of upper jaw; single, enlarged, conical tooth positioned in middle area on both sides of lower jaw. Both vomerine and palatine patches consisting of villiform teeth; vomerine tooth patch V-shaped while palatine tooth patches narrow band-shaped. Teeth on tongue absent; base of tongue broad becoming narrow at front end. Scales on body large, ctenoid in shape; head area covered with scales except for snout, lips, maxillary, and ventral area; operculum completely covered with large scales; nape area covered with smaller scales; dorsal-, anal-, and pectoral-fin bases with small scales. Dorsal-fin spines stiff and connected to dorsal-fin soft rays; 4th dorsal-fin spine longest (26.48 mm vs. 5th spine 25.08 mm and 3rd spine 23.68 mm). Anal-fin spines long and rigid; 2nd anal-fin spine as longest (28.98 mm vs. 1st spine 14.09 mm and 3rd spine 27.65 mm). Pectoral-fin rays long, longest fin ray reaching beyond posterior end of anal-fin base, 1st pectoral-fin ray unbranched; 2nd-13th pectoral-fin rays branched. Pelvic fin inserted anterior to pectoral-fin base; longest pelvic-fin ray not reaching anus. Caudal fin emarginate; 5th-7th upper lobe-fin rays filamentous.
Color in fresh sample.
Body reddish-yellow (dorsal side) and white (ventral area) (Fig. 1A View Figure 1 ); yellow-fringed dark greenish blotches scattered on upper half of body and head; similar blotches present in entire caudal peduncle, dorsal- and caudal-fin bases; smaller blotches observed in pre-dorsal area; large red spot located just below lateral line and center of body; pectoral fin reddish; dorsal, anal, pelvic, and caudal fin reddish-yellow; posterior end of dorsal-fin soft rays and caudal-fin ray edges both black.
Color of preserved sample.
Body light brown (Fig. 1B View Figure 1 ); dark green blotches still visible; red spot faded; fins colorless; posterior end of dorsal-fin soft rays and caudal-fin ray edges remain black.
Distribution.
Plectranthias yamakawai is commonly collected from various fishing grounds in Ryukyu Islands, Japan ( Yoshino 1972; Motomura and Harazaki 2017; Wada et al. 2020), and reports of it have also come from Taiwan ( Chen and Shao 2002), and Samoan Islands ( Wass 1984), as well as the western coast of Luzon Philippines (Fig. 2 View Figure 2 ).
Previous Philippine records.
Three of the five species of Plectranthias previously documented in the Philippines have been described as new species based on the Philippine specimens, P. foresti , P. inermis , and P. knappi , while the other two are documented as new records ( P. japonicus and P. sagamiensis ). Plectranthias foresti was described based on four specimens trawled at depths of 183-185 m off southwestern Luzon ( Fourmanoir 1977; Randall 1980). Plectranthias knappi , was discovered in the Visayan Sea from a single specimen obtained at 90 m deep ( Randall 1996). Similarly, the holotype of P. inermis was collected from Batangas, Southern Luzon Region, Philippines at 30 m deep, with later reports of the species from Mauritius, Christmas Island, Fiji, and Papua New Guinea ( Randall 1980; Fricke et al. 2022). Plectranthias sagamiensis , originally described in Japan ( Katayama 1964) was later collected off southwest Luzon at depths of 82-86 m and served as the first report of the species in the Philippines ( Iwamoto and McCosker 2014). Plectranthias japonicus was originally described in Japan ( Steindachner and Döderlein 1883) and first reported by Randall (1980) taken from 185-200 m off Manila Bay, Philippines.
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