Martinella insignis A.H.Gentry ex Zuntini & L.G.Lohmann, Phytokeys 37: 17-21. 2014

Kataoka, Eric Y. & Lohmann, Lucia G., 2021, Taxonomic revision of Martinella Baill. (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae), PhytoKeys 177, pp. 77-116 : 77

2. Martinella insignis A.H.Gentry ex Zuntini & L.G.Lohmann, Phytokeys 37: 17-21. 2014 Fig. 5

Type.

Brazil. Bahia: Itamaraju, Rodovia Itamarajú-Teixeira de Freitas, 3 km de Itamarajú (BR-101). Fazenda Chapadao , 3 Nov 1983, R. Callejas, A.M. de Carvalho & L.M. Silva 1629 (holotype: MBM-94960 image!; isotypes: K-000977667 image!, MO-074484 image!, NY-00483568 image!, RB-00058792!, CEPEC-00034725 not seen) .

Description.

Lianas; branches with solid pith, cylindrical, green, drying brown, striated, pubescent, densely covered with stipitate glandular trichomes; prophylls of the axillary buds densely covered with stipitate glandular trichomes. Leaves 2-foliolate, with the terminal leaflet generally modified into a trifid tendril; petioles terete, not pulvinated, 34.6-48.4 mm long, covered with stipitate glandular trichomes; petiolules terete, not pulvinated, 13.9-26.4 mm long, covered with stipitate glandular trichomes; leaflets discolor, with abaxial surface lighter than the adaxial surface, membranous, ovate, apex acuminate to caudate, base cordate, margins entire and slightly revolute, 6.4-8.8 × 3.6-5.2 cm, adaxial surface glabrous, with stipitate glandular trichomes on the margins and at the canaliculi of main veins, abaxial surface pubescent, densely covered with stipitate glandular trichomes at main veins, pocket domatia on the axils of primary and secondary veins, few patelliform glandular trichomes concentrated near base and scattered along the midvein. Inflorescences in compound thyrses, 7.5-11.5 cm long, sparsely to densely covered with stipitate glandular trichomes; bracts linear to narrowly elliptic, 5.2-20.2 × 0.6-2.5 mm, pubescent, densely covered with stipitate glandular trichomes; pedicels terete, 6.3-11.2 mm, sparsely to densely covered with stipitate glandular trichomes. Flowers with calyx pale green, chartaceous, campanulate, 13.1-17.2 × 6.1-11.9 mm, densely covered with stipitate glandular trichomes, lobes 5, apex aristate, aristae 1.8-4.3 mm long, pubescent, densely covered with stipitate glandular trichomes; corolla yellow, membranous, 41.5-47.3 mm long, narrowly tubular basal portion 15.8-18.5 mm long × 2.5-4.9 mm wide, upper campanulate portion 23.1-32 mm long × 12.5-15.2 mm wide, slightly curved, lobes subcircular, 7.5-9.1 × 8.6-9.5 mm; stamens in two lengths, longer ones 12.4-13.3 mm, shorter ones 12.0-12.5 mm, thecae 2.5-2.7 mm, glabrous; staminode 1.3-3.4 mm, glabrous; gynoecium 30.9-35 mm long; ovary glabrous; style glabrous; stigma lanceolate, glabrous; nectariferous disk 2.3-3.1 × 1.0-1.2 mm. Capsules linear, 40.2-90 × 1.1-1.5 cm, pubescent when immature, glabrous when developed. Seeds ca. 4.5 × 1.2 cm.

Distribution and habitat.

Martinella insignis is endemic to the Atlantic Forest of Eastern Brazil (see Fig. 6 ), where it grows in sandy soils, in areas between 62-590 m a.s.l.

Etymology.

The specific epithet means conspicuous, readily distinguishable, referring to the contrasting corolla color when compared to other species.

Phenology.

Flowering specimens were collected between October and February, while fruiting specimens were collected in January and November.

Conservation status.

Vulnerable (VU) based on the EOO of 12,721 km2.

Discussion.

Martinella insignis is the only representative of the genus that occurs in the Atlantic Forest, where it is rare, with only a few herbarium collections available to date. In addition, M. insignis is remarkably distinctive from its congeneric species due to the membranous leaflets with pocket-shaped domatia on the abaxial surface, 5-lobed and aristate calyces, and yellow corollas.

Specimens examined.

Brazil. Bahia: RPPN Fazenda Riacho das Pedras, prop. Gersino Antônio Bronzon, Mata de Tabuleiro com pequenos distúrbios ( extração seletiva), 78 m, 17°8'48"S, 39°21'53"W, 12 Feb 2007, R.A.X. Borges 825 (RB, SPF) . Espírito Santo: Governador Lindemberg, Pedra de Santa Luzia, prop. Firmino Sottele , 420-590 m, 19°17'17"S, 40°27'56"W, 7 Nov 2007, V. Demuner 4481 (SPF); Linhares, Reserva Natural Vale. MME, 5 Oct 2011, A.R. Zuntini 321 (SPF); Sooretama, Reserva Natural da Companhia Vale do Rio Doce (" Reserva de Linhares "), 62 m, 19°6'59.7"S, 40°4'21.7"W, 14 Dec 2007, A.R. Zuntini 151 (SPF) .

Figures

Figure 5. Martinella insignis A. H. Gentry ex Zuntini & L. G. Lohmann A flowering branch B interpetiolar region C stipitate glandular trichomes D flower in lateral view E calyx (opened) and gynoecium F fruit G roots with swollen portions. Illustration reproduced from Zuntini and Lohmann (2014); illustrated by Klei Sousa, based on A. R. Zuntini 151 (A-E) and 321 (G), SPF; D. Sucre 5519 (F), RB.

Figure 6. Distribution map of Martinella insignis.