Xya yunnanensis, Cao & Rong & Naveed, 2020

Cao, Chengquan, Rong, Hua & Naveed, Hassan, 2020, Two new species of the genus Xya Latreille, 1809 (Orthoptera, Tridactyloidea, Tridactylidae) from Yunnan with a key to all Xya species in China, ZooKeys 947, pp. 103-112 : 103

Xya yunnanensis sp. nov. Figures 8-12

Type material.

Holotype: China • ♂; Yunnan Province, Xishuangbanna, Mengla County, ♂, Wujiazhai; 22.05N, 100.89E; 21-24 Mar. 2019; leg. Chao Tong and Shenzhi Chen.

Description.

Male. Head black, without band along inner margin of compound eye. Labial palpi black. Antennae filiform, black, 10 segmented, 10th segment dark fuscous, each segment widens from base to apex. Compound eyes grayish black. Three white ocelli. Gena below the compound eye black.

Thorax. Pronotum black, width about 1.2 times length, with reddish brown luster, white on lateral margin intermittently. Forewings black, with two obscure dirty white sub-rectangular patches at base and apex respectively. Hindwings white, black along posterior margin, about 5/6 length of abdomen. Fore legs yellowish-white; femora with black longitudinal stripe; tarsi with three yellowish-white distal spines. Mid legs black, with yellowish-white irregular markings on femora and tibiae. Hind legs with femora black, with a narrow yellowish-brown marking on basal 1/3 ventrally; semi-lunar process black, yellowish-brown at base; tibia yellowish-brown, darkens toward apex, with three (inside) and four (outside) pairs of articulated lamellae.

Abdomen. Abdomen black, white along posterior margin of each segment. Cerci with two segments, 1st segment black, white at base; 2nd segment pale fuscous, with sparse long white setae. Stylus black on outer side, pale fuscous on inner side, shorter than cerci. Epiproct with shallow “v-shaped” crack in the upper part, bottom of the side edge has a sharply angled protrusion, and width of the narrow lower anchor-shaped base is less than 1/2 the width of the upper one (Fig. 13C ).

Female.

Unknown.

Measurement (mm).

Length of body: ♂ 5.43. Length of fore wing: ♂ 1.28. Length of hind wing: ♂ 2.47. Length of hind femur: ♂ 3.72.

Distribution.

China (Yunnan).

Diagnosis.

This species can be diagnosed by the compound eye bearing no narrow band along the inner margin. It is most similar to X. sichuanensis Cao et al. in having four markings on the forewing, and lacking a patch on the pronotum dorsally. It can be distinguished from the latter by the compound eyes without a narrow band along the inner margin; with no ring around the median ocelli; the black gena below the compound eye; the forewing with obscure dirty white sub-rectangular patches, the length of fore wing about 1.28 mm; the white hindwing; and the epiproct with bottom of the side edge with a sharply angled protrusion and the narrow lower anchor-shaped base less than 1/2 the width of the upper one. In X. sichuanensis , the compound eyes bear a narrow yellow band along inner margin; bears a yellow ring around the median ocelli; the gena below the compound eye is yellow; the forewings have yellow triangular patches, the length of fore wing is about 0.9-1.1 mm; the hindwings are yellow; the epiproct with bottom of the side edge without a sharply angled protrusion and the large lower anchor base about 4/5 the width of the upper one (Fig. 13D ). Major differences are listed in Table 2 .

Etymology.

The specific epithet is named after Yunnan, the type locality.

Biology.

These two new species are found along waterways and under mud and stones amidst many different plants and shrubs (Fig. 14 ). They seem to be living near humid sand with water nearby. The adults were collected during the month of August. They can jump from both the ground and water.

Figures

Figure 13. The line diagrams for male epiproct of four Xya species. A Xya xishangbanna sp. nov. B Xya leshanensis C X. yunnanensis sp. nov. D X. sichuanensis.

Figure 14. Landscape of habitat in Wuxiangguangchang (A, B) and in Wujiazhai (C, D) in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, China.

Figures 8 - 12. Xya yunnanensis sp. nov. 8 Body in dorsal view ♂ 9 Body in lateral view ♂ 10 Body in ventral view ♂ 11 Head in frontal view ♂ 12 End of abdomen in posterior view ♂. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.