Parabuthus glabrimanus, Prendini & Esposito, 2010

Prendini, Lorenzo & Esposito, Lauren A., 2010, A reanalysis of Parabuthus (Scorpiones: Buthidae) phylogeny with descriptions of two new Parabuthus species endemic to the Central Namib gravel plains, Namibia, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 159 (3), pp. 673-710 : 682

PARABUTHUS GLABRIMANUS SP. NOV.

( FIGS 1–4 , 5A, B , 6A , 7A–C , 8 , 9B–E , 10–12 )

Holotype: Namibia: Erongo Region: Swakopmund District: Namib-Naukluft Park: Ganab , 23°08.71′S, 15°30.89′E, 26.i.1998, L. Prendini & E. Scott, soft sand in dry wash near Nature Conservation officers’ houses, UV detection, 1 ♂ (SMN 2901).

Paratypes: Namibia: Erongo Region: Swakopmund District: Namib-Naukluft Park: Bloedkoppie , 500 m east, 22°50′36.1″S, 15°23′22.2″E, 31.vii–2.viii.2008, R. A. Wharton & T. L. Bird, 743 m, under stones, 1 ♀ (SMN 3391); North-east Range, Ganab flats, 23°08′S, 15°35′E, 8.xi.1974, S. Endrödy-Younga, 1 ♂ [ TM 11332 (E-Y 483)]; Ganab Station , 200 m south of

Figures

Figure 1. Map showing the known distributions of Parabuthus glabrimanus sp. nov. (triangles), Parabuthus gracilis Lamoral, 1979 (squares), Parabuthus nanus Lamoral, 1979 (stars) and Parabuthus setiventer sp. nov. (circles) in Namibia and South Africa. Contour interval, 500 m. Major sand systems stippled. Magnified inset shows distributions of P. glabrimanus and P. setiventer in finer detail.

Figure 2. See Table 2 for details. The optimal tree retrieved by analyses with equal weights and implied weights under k = 3–6 (Table 2). This topology corresponds to the majority rule (> 50%) consensus of most parsimonious trees (MPTs) obtained by seven analyses in which weighting regime was varied; frequency percentages for nodes that collapsed in the strict consensus of the MPTs obtained by the seven analyses are indicated to the right of relevant nodes. Zero-length branches are collapsed. Solid bars indicate uniquely derived apomorphic character states, whereas empty bars indicate parallel derivations of apomorphic states under accelerated transformation (ACCTRAN) optimization. The number above each bar gives the character number, whereas the number below gives the character state. Branch support values are circled at nodes. Refer to Appendix for character descriptions. The East African species are indicated with asterisks. Alternative topologies for nodes A and B shown in Figures 3 and 4 respectively.

Figure 3. Alternative topologies for node A (Fig. 2) retrieved by analysis with equal weights. See Table 2 for details.

Figure 4. Alternative topologies for node B (Fig. 2) retrieved by analyses with equal weights and implied weights under k = 3–6 (A) and with implied weights under k = 1 and 2 (B, C). See Table 2 for details.

Figure 5. Parabuthus glabrimanus sp. nov. (A, B) and Parabuthus setiventer sp. nov. (C, D), carapace, dorsal aspect. A, holotype ♂ (SMN 2901). B, paratype ♀ (AMNH). C, holotype ♂ (SMN 2918). D, paratype ♀ (AMNH). Scale bars = 2 mm.

Figure 6. Parabuthus glabrimanus sp. nov. (A), Parabuthus gracilis Lamoral, 1979 (B), Parabuthus nanus Lamoral, 1979 (C) and Parabuthus setiventer sp. nov. (D), sternites III–VII, ventral aspect. A, ♂ [AMNH (AH 2164)]. B–D, ♂ (AMNH). Scale bars = 2 mm.

Figure 7. Parabuthus glabrimanus sp. nov. (A–C) and Parabuthus setiventer sp. nov. (D–F), metasoma and telson. A, D, ventral aspect. B, C, E, F, dorsal aspect. A, B, holotype ♂ (SMN 2901). C, paratype ♀ (AMNH). D, E, holotype ♂ (SMN 2918). F, paratype ♀ (AMNH). Scale bar = 2 mm.

Figure 8. Parabuthus glabrimanus sp. nov., habitus. A, B, holotype ♂ (SMN 2918). C, D, paratype ♀ (AMNH). A, C, dorsal aspect. B, D, ventral aspect. Scale bar = 10 mm.

Figure 9. Parabuthus gracilis Lamoral, 1979 (A) and Parabuthus glabrimanus sp. nov. (B–E), dextral pedipalp chela, illustrating trichobothrial distribution. A, ♂ [AMNH (AH 4397)], external aspect. B, holotype ♂ (SMN 2901), external aspect. C–E, paratype ♀ (AMNH), external (C), ventral (D), and internal (E) aspects. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Figure 10. Parabuthus glabrimanus sp. nov., paratype ♀ (AMNH), dextral pedipalp patella and femur, illustrating trichobothrial distribution. A, patella, dorsal aspect. B, patella, external aspect. C, femur, dorsal aspect. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Figure 11. Parabuthus glabrimanus sp. nov., paratype ♀ (AMNH), dextral legs I–IV, tibia, basitarsus, and telotarsus, retrolateral aspect, illustrating setae, ungues, and spurs. A, leg I. B, leg II. C, leg III. D, leg IV. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Figure 12. Parabuthus glabrimanus sp. nov., paratype ♂ (AMNH), dextral hemispermatophore, ental (A) and ectal (B) aspects. Scale bar = 2 mm.