Phrurolithus azarkinae, Zamani & Marusik, 2020

Zamani, Alireza & Marusik, Yuri M., 2020, A survey of Phrurolithidae (Arachnida: Araneae) in southern Caucasus, Iran and Central Asia, Zootaxa 4758 (2), pp. 311-329 : 313-316

Phrurolithus azarkinae sp. n.

Figs 1 A–F, 2A–F, 3A–D

Type material. Holotype ♂ and 2♂ 17♀ paratypes ( ZMMU), AZERBAIJAN: Lenkoran: ca. 75 km north of Baku, west of Kylyazi Vill. , 40°51’N, 49°11’E, 260 m, 7.VI.2003, leg. Y.M. Marusik.

Paratypes: AZERBAIJAN: Lenkoran: 4♂ ( ZMMU), env.of Aurora Vill. , 38°41’N, 48°17’E, 36 m, 21–29. V.2003, leg. Y.M. Marusik; 2♂ 3♀ ( ZMMU), env. of Aurora Vill. , 38º40’N, 48º52’E, 23–28.IV.2001, leg. Y.M. Marusik ; 1♀ ( MMUE), Hyrcan Reserve, env. of Apo Vill. , 38°38’N, 48°47’E, 23. V.2003, leg. Y.M. Marusik; Astara: 1♀ ( MMUE), ca. 10 km west of Astara Vill., Isti-Stu , 38°27’N, 48°47’E, on the border with Iran, 25.IV.2001, leg. Y.M. Marusik ; 20♂ 5♀ ( MMUE), Apsheron: env. of Gyurgyan Vill. , 40°24’N, 50°16’E, semi desert, 17.IV.2001, leg. Y.M. Marusik ; 1♀ ( ZMMU), Khizi: Tazakyand, 3. VI.2000, leg. E. Huseynov; 1♀ ( ZMMU), Gabala: Bum , 5. VI.2001, leg. E. Huseynov; 1♀ ( MMUE) , Lerik: Zuvand area, ca 3 km east of Divagatch Vill. , 38°41’N, 48°23’E, 1400 m, 26. V.2003, leg. Y.M. Marusik; 1♂ 3♀ ( MMUE), Zuvand area , ca. 3 km west of Lerik Town , 38°43’N, 48°25’E, 1200 m, 25. V.2003, leg. Y.M. Marusik; 1♂ ( ZMMU), Zuvand area, env. of Pirasora Vill. , 38º43.3’N, 48º22.8’E, 1700–2000 m, 25–26. V.2003, leg. Y.M. Marusik. IRAN: Fars Province: 2♀ ( MHNG), Aliabad , 30°01’N, 53°00’E, 9. VI.1974, leg. A. Senglet; Kohgiluyeh & Boyer-Ahmad Province: 3♀ ( MHNG), road to Yasuj , 30°28’N, 51°30’E, 25. V.1974, leg. A. Senglet; Tehran Province: 1♀ ( MHNG), Rudehen , 35°44’N, 51°55’E, 17.VII.1973 , leg. A. Sen- glet; 1♀ ( ZMMU), E of Tehran, Ab-Ali area , 35°46’N, 51°57’E, 2. VI.2000, leg. Y.M. Marusik; 5♀ ( MMUE), Latian Dam , 35°48’N, 51°08’E, 6–19. VI.2000, leg. Y.M. Marusik.

Etymology. This species is named after our colleague Galina Azarkina (Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Russia), in recognition of her contributions to the taxonomy of jumping spiders ( Salticidae ) in Caucasus, Iran and Central Asia.

Diagnosis. Males of the new species differ from P. festivus by having a short conical embolus (vs. cylindrical and bent) and smaller retrolateral tibial apophysis (cf. Figs 2C , 3C ). Females of the two species differ by the shape of the epigyne: the new species has two separate copulatory openings and distinct receptacular glands ( Figs 2D, E ), whereas P. festivus has one fovea and indistinct glands.

Description. Male (holotype). Habitus as in Figs 1 A–C. Total length 2.07. Carapace 0.94 long, 0.75 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME: 0.05, ALE: 0.07, PME: 0.05, PLE: 0.06, AME–AME: 0.03, PME–PME: 0.04. Carapace, sternum, labium, chelicerae and maxillae dark brown. Legs yellowish-brown, darker in femora, especially I and II. Abdomen dark grey, slightly lighter ventrally. Spinnerets grey, unicolourous. Leg I measurements: 2.63 (0.69, 0.31, 0.64, 0.58, 0.41). Spination: I: Fe 1pl, Ti 10v, Mt 8v; II: Ti 6v, Mt 2pl, 4rl.

Palp as in Figs 2 A–C, 3A–D; retroventral apophysis (Va) large and as long as cymbium, tip abrupt, broader than base of apophysis; retrolateral apophysis (Ra) small, almost indistinct; proventral apophysis distinct (Pa); subterminal apophysis (Sa) subconical, shorter than terminal (Ta); embolus (Em) short, triangular.

Female. Habitus as in Figs 1 D–F. Total length 2.76. Carapace 0.98 long, 0.79 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME: 0.05, ALE: 0.07, PME: 0.07, PLE: 0.06, AME–AME: 0.03, PME–PME: 0.03. Colouration generally as in male, except for presence of white stripes on dorsum of abdomen (cf. Figs 1A and 1E ). Leg I measurements: 2.81 (0.74, 0.31, 0.72, 0.63, 0.41). Spination: I: Fe 1pl, Ti 12v, Mt 8v; II: Ti 10v, Mt 2pl, 3rl.

Epigyne as in Figs 2 D–F; plate with two copulatory openings (Co) separated by indistinct septum; primary receptacles 1.5 times shorter than secondary; glands of receptacles (Gr) short and broad, separated by about one radius; slightly diverging secondary receptacles subconical (anterior parts thinner than basal).

Distribution. Relatively widely distributed. Known from the type localities in Kohgiluyeh & Boyer-Ahmad, Fars and Tehran provinces, southwestern to southcentral and northern Iran, and Apsheron, Astara, Lankaran, and Lerik districts, eastern and southeastern Azerbaijan ( Fig. 14 ).

Figures

FIGURE 1. General appearance of Phrurolithus azarkinae sp. n. A–C male, dorsal, ventral and lateral; D–F female, dorsal, ventral and lateral.

FIGURE 2. Copulatory organs of Phrurolithus azarkinae sp. n. A–C male palp, prolateral, ventral and retrolateral; D epigyne intact, ventral; E macerated epigyne, dorsal; F dissected epigyne, ventral. Scale=0.2 mm. Abbreviations: Co—copulatory opening, Em—embolus, Fd—fertilization duct, Fe—femoral extension, Gr—receptacular gland, Pr—primary receptacle, Ra—retrolateral apophysis, Sd—sperm duct, Sr—secondary receptacle, Va—retroventral apophysis.

FIGURE 3. SEM micrographs of Phrurolithus azarkinae sp. n. (A–D) and Bosselaerius hyrcanicus sp. n. (E). A–C male palp, ventral, ventro-retrolateral and retrolateral; D terminal part of the male palp, ventral; E leg I, prolateral. Scale=0.1 mm. Abbreviations: Em—embolus, Pa—proventral apophysis, Ra—retrolateral apophysis, Sa—subterminal apophysis, Ta—terminal apophysis, Va—retroventral apophysis.

FIGURE 14. Distribution records of Phrurolithus spp. and Bosselaerius spp. in Azerbaijan, Iran and Tajikistan: Red circles—P. festivus, Pink stars—P. azarkinae sp. n., Blue squares—P. pullatus, Yellow crosses—P. luppovae, Cyan triangles—B. hyrcanicus sp. n., Black asterisk—B. tajikistanicus sp. n.