Strongylophthalmyia tangwangana, Zhou & Evenhuis & Yang, 2023

Zhou, Jiale, Evenhuis, Neal L. & Yang, Ding, 2023, A review of the Strongylophthalmyia coarctata subgroup (Diptera, Brachycera, Strongylophthalmyiidae) from China, with the descriptions of three new species, ZooKeys 1168, pp. 329-353 : 329

Strongylophthalmyia tangwangana sp. nov.

Figs 45-46 , 47-51 , 52-55

Type material.

Holotype (♂): China, Shaanxi, Tongchuan, Tang Wang Hunting Ground, 1429 m, 2019.vii.30, leg. Qicheng Yang (CAU). Paratypes. Same collection data as for holotype (1♂2♀, CAU).

Diagnosis.

Generally shiny black (Figs 45 , 46 ); antennal first flagellomere of male yellowish brown, ovate, with a small, bump-like process (Figs 48 , 49 ); wing hyaline (Fig. 51 ); mid and hind femora yellow, with narrow dark brown ring subapically (indistinct on mid femur) (Figs 45 , 46 ); hind femur of male lacking inner basal process; distiphallus nearly half as long as phallapodeme, lacking apical “glans” (Figs 54 , 55 ).

Description.

Body length 2.5-3.2 mm, wing length 2.1-2.4 mm.

Male. Generally shiny black (Fig. 45 ). Anterior margin of frons slightly paler; face and parafacial yellowish brown. Antenna yellowish brown with arista dark brown (Figs 48 , 49 ). Proboscis and palpus yellowish brown. Wing hyaline (Fig. 51 ); wing veins brown to dark brown. Halter white with base darkened. Legs yellow; mid and hind femora with narrow dark brown ring subapically (indistinct on mid femur) (Figs 45 , 46 ); hind tibia largely dark brown (Fig. 45 ); tarsomeres 4 and 5 dark brown.

Head (Figs 47 , 48 ) with frons finely inflated; parafacial with dense silvery tomentose stripe; gena with silvery tomentose stripe along eye margin; postgena bulging. Head chaetotaxy: 1 inner vertical seta, 1 outer vertical seta, 3 fronto-orbital setae, 1 ocellar seta, 1 postocellar seta. Clypeus subquadrate; palpus elongate, with short dense golden setulae. Antennal scape with scattered marginal setae and 1 dominant dorsal seta; pedicel with single strong seta dorsally; first flagellomere ovate, wider than long, densely covered with short white setulae, with a small, bump-like process dorsally (Figs 48 , 49 ); arista longer than first flagellomere.

Thorax with mesonotum (Fig. 50 ) densely covered with short scattered golden setulae, in dorsal view with distinct transverse suture. Anepisternum with short setulae posteriorly. Scutellum (Fig. 50 ) subtriangular, broad, slightly inflated. Thoracic chaetotaxy: 1 anepisternal seta, 2 notopleural setae, 1 dorsocentral seta, 2 posterior supra-alar setae, 1 scutellar seta. Wing (Fig. 51 ) with R4+5 and M1+2 slightly convergent apically; apical section of M1+2 straight; M4 and CuA+CuP not reaching but very closely approaching wing margin; r-m located near basal one-third (0.34) of cell dm; apical section of M4 shorter than dm-m; alula small; anal lobe slightly narrowed. Legs with dense whitish yellow setulae; fore coxa with several long white setulae antero-apically; hind femur lacking inner basal process.

Abdomen covered with long dense setae. Tergite 1 weakly sclerotized. Pregenital sclerites normally sclerotized.

Male genitalia: Epandrium (Figs 52 , 53 ) short and broad, with long dense setae. Surstylus (Figs 52 , 53 ) with short stout setae on inner distal surface. Cerci (Figs 52 , 53 ) relatively broad, shorter than surstylus, with short dense setae. Hypandrium (Figs 54 , 55 ) broadly rounded anteriorly, strongly arched medially, with one pair of bifid, long anterior lobes. Phallapodeme (Figs 54 , 55 ) extremely long, slightly curved. Pregonite (Fig. 54 ) long, narrow, band-like. Phallic plate (Fig. 55 ) strongly thickened, divided into two articulating sclerites. Distiphallus (Figs 54 , 55 ) extremely short, nearly half as long as phallapodeme, lacking apical “glans”, membrane microtrichose. Ejaculatory apodeme (Fig. 55 ) small.

Female. Antennal first flagellomere lacking process (Fig. 46 ); clypeus thick, bulbous. Other characters same as those of male.

Etymology.

This species is named after its type locality.

Distribution.

China - Shaanxi: Tongchuan (Fig. 56 ).

Comparative notes.

This new species is similar to S. corniculata sp. nov., but can be distinguished from it in the following characters: frons black, at most anterior margin slightly paler (anterior half of frons yellowish brown in S. corniculata sp. nov.); first flagellomere of male with a small, bump-like process (with a small, conical, apically acute process in S. corniculata sp. nov.); thorax with two posterior supra-alar setae (one in S. corniculata sp. nov.); apical section of M1+2 straight (slightly arched in S. corniculata sp. nov.); distiphallus nearly half as long as phallapodeme (distinctly shorter than half of length of phallapodeme in S. corniculata sp. nov.).

This new species also resembles S. gibbifera Shatalkin, 1993, but differs in having a different color pattern on the frons, first flagellomere, and the mid and hind femora and hind tibia, and in the different shape of the antennal process.

Figures

Figure 56. Known distribution of species of the Strongylophthalmyia coarctata subgroup in China and South Korea.

Figures 45, 46. Strongylophthalmyia tangwangana sp. nov., habitus, lateral view: 45 male, holotype 46 female, paratype. Scale bars: 1 mm.

Figures 47 - 51. Strongylophthalmyia tangwangana sp. nov., male, holotype: 47 head, dorsal view 48 same, lateral view 49 left antenna, lateral view 50 thorax, dorsal view 51 wing. Scale bars: 0.25 mm.

Figures 52 - 55. Strongylophthalmyia tangwangana sp. nov., male genitalia: 52 external genitalia, posterior view 53 same, lateral view 54 internal genitalia, ventral view 55 same, lateral view. Abbreviations: cerc = cercus; dph = distiphallus; ea = ejaculatory apodeme; ep = epandrium; hyp = hypandrium; pgt = pregonite; phap = phallapodeme; pp = phallic plate; sur = surstylus. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.