Tomarus Erichson, 1847

Neita-Moreno, Jhon César, Alexander, Recursos Biológicos, Agustín, San, de, Villa, Leyva, Boyacá, Ratcliffe, Brett C., Collections, Systematics Research, of, University, Museum, Nebraska State, Hall, Nebraska, of, University, Nebraska, Lincoln, Ne & Usa, 2017, The genus Tomarus Erichson (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Pentodontini) in Argentina, Chile, and Uruguay, Insecta Mundi 2017 (547), pp. 1-36 : 14-15

Key to the Species of Adult Tomarus Erichson of Argentina, Chile, and Uruguay

1.

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Metasternum on disc with dense setae ( Fig. 2e ). Mandibles with 2 teeth on lateral edge with apical tooth sharp and subapical notch broad ( Fig. 6a–d, m–p ). Galea with 5 teeth ( Fig. 5a–b, g–h ). Paraglossa undeveloped, labrum with apex attenuate ( Fig. 7a–b, g–h ). Female gonocoxite without semicircular furrow, gonocoxal sternite larger than gonocoxite ( Fig. 14a–b, g–h ) ... 2

Metasternum on disc lacking setae. Mandibles with 2 teeth on lateral edge with apical tooth subtruncate and subapical notch relatively shallow and narrow ( Fig. 6e–l ). Galea with 6 teeth ( Fig. 5c–f ). Paraglossa developed, labrum with apex subtruncate ( Fig. 7c–f ). Female gonocoxite with semicircular furrow, gonocoxal sternite smaller than gonocoxite ( Fig. 14c–f ) .............. 5

2(1).

— Pronotum with small (occasionally minute), subapical tubercle ( Fig. 8a, h ) ............................. 3 Pronotum lacking subapical tubercle ( Fig. 8b, g ) ........................................................................ 4 3(2).

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Pronotum lacking subapical fovea; surface almost smooth or with small, sparse punctures ( Fig. 8h ). Parameres with small tooth on external surface of mid-shaft, apices blunt, slightly curving away from each other ( Fig. 11h , 12h , 13h ) ..................................... T. villosus (Burmeister)

Pronotum with small, shallow, subapical fovea; surface on disc moderately punctate with sides and anterior angles densely punctate ( Fig. 8a ). Parameres with small tooth on external surface just above mid-shaft, apices rounded and diverging from each other ( Fig. 11a , 12a , 13a ) ..... ........................................................................................................ T. bidentulus (Fairmaire)

4(2).

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Mentum near base lacking slender, long setae ( Fig. 7b ). Parameres with large, long tooth on external surface just above mid-shaft, apices inflated just before true apex ( Fig. 11b , 12b , 13b ) ................................................................................................ T. burmeisteri (Steinheil)

Mentum near base with slender, long setae ( Fig. 7g ). Parameres relatively short, stout, small tooth on external surface at mid-shaft, apices bluntly subquadrate and with pre-apical, small spinules ( Fig. 11g , 12g , 13g ) ................... T. spinipenis Neita and Ratcliffe , new species

5(1).

— Protibia with 3 teeth ( Fig. 9b ). Parameres broadly subquadrate in basal half with small tooth on external surface above middle, apices broadly rounded and slightly diverging ( Fig. 11d , 12d , 13d ) ................................................................................................. T. maimon Erichson

Protibia with 4 teeth ( Fig. 9a ) ...................................................................................................... 6 6(5).

Pronotum with subapical fovea nearly round, usually as wide as distance between eyes, rarely less ( Fig. 8c ). Parameres with large, long, recurving tooth on external surface at about midshaft, shaft strongly narrowed to small, rounded apices ( Fig. 11c , 12c , 13c ) ........................... ........................................................................................................................ T. gyas Erichson

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Pronotum with subapical fovea nearly obsolete, longitudinally narrow ( Fig. 8e–f ). Parameres with large or small tooth on external surface at mid-shaft, shaft not strongly narrowed to rounded apices ( Fig. 11e , 12e , 13e and 11f , 12f , 13f ) ................................................................ 7

7(6).

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Figures

Figure 2. Habitus of Tomarus spp. a) Tomarus rosettae (Endrödi) dorsal view. b) Tomarus spinipenis n. sp. dorsal view, holotype. c) Tomarus spinipenis dorsal view, allotype. d) Tomarus burmeisteri (Steinheil) dorsal view. e) Tomarus villosus (Burmeister) ventral view. f) Tomarus gyas ventral view. g) Tomarus bidentulus (Fairmaire) abdomen segments, ventral view (female). h) Tomarus bidentulus abdomen segments, ventral view (male).

Figure 5. Maxilla, ventral view, of Tomarus spp. a) T. bidentulus. b) T. burmeisteri. c) T. gyas. d) T. maimon. e) T. roigjunenti n. sp. f) T. rosettae. g) T. spinipenis n. sp. h) T. villosus.

Figure 6. Mandibles, ventral view, of Tomarus spp. a–b) T. bidentulus. c–d) T. burmeisteri. e–f) T. gyas. g–h) T. maimon. i–j. T. roigjunenti n. sp. k–l. T. rosettae. m–n. T. spinipenis n. sp. o–p. T. villosus.

Figure 7. Labium, dorsal view, of Tomarus spp. a) T. bidentulus. b) T. burmeisteri. c) T. gyas. d) T. maimon. e) T. roigjunenti n. sp. f) T. rosettae. g) T. spinipenis n. sp. h) T. villosus.

Figure 8. Pronotum, dorsal view, of Tomarus spp. a) T. bidentulus. b) T. burmeisteri. c) T. gyas. d) T. maimon. e) T. roigjunenti n. sp. f) T. rosettae. g) T. spinipenis n. sp. h) T. villosus.

Figure 9. Protibia, dorsal view, of Tomarus spp. a) T. gyas and b) T. maimon.

Figure 11. Parameres, caudal view, of Tomarus spp. a) T. bidentulus. b) T. burmeisteri. c) T. gyas. d) T. maimon. e) T. roigjunenti n. sp. f) T. rosettae. g) T. spinipenis n. sp. h) T. villosus.

Figure 12. Parameres, lateral view, of: a) T. bidentulus. b) T. burmeisteri. c) T. gyas. d) T. maimon. e) T. roigjunenti n. sp. f) T. rosettae. g) T. spinipenis n. sp. h) T. villosus.

Figure 13. Parameres, anterior view, of Tomarus spp. a) T. bidentulus. b) T. burmeisteri. c) T. gyas. d) T. maimon. e) T. roigjunenti n. sp. f) T. rosettae. g) T. spinipenis n. sp. h) T. villosus.

Figure 14. Gonocoxite, ventral view, of Tomarus spp. a) T. bidentulus. b) T. burmeisteri. c) T. gyas. d) T. maimon. e) T. roigjunenti n. sp. f) T. rosettae. g) T. spinipenis n. sp. h) T. villosus. Components are: (Gx) gonocoxite), (Gs) gonocoxal sternite.