Physatocheila consueta (Drake, 1948) Souma & Ishikawa, 2022

Souma, Jun & Ishikawa, Tadashi, 2022, Taxonomic review of the tingine genera Cysteochila, Hurdchila, Physatocheila, and Xynotingis from Japan, with description of a new genus (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Tingidae), Zootaxa 5150 (1), pp. 1-42 : 16-17

Physatocheila consueta (Drake, 1948) , comb. nov.

( Figs. 8B , 9B , 10B , 11B , 13A, B , 17D , 18D )

Cysteochila consueta Drake, 1948b: 5 . Holotype: macropterous ♂, Taiwan; USNM.

Cysteochila consueta Drake, 1948b : Takeya (1951: 21) (checklist: eastern Asia); Drake & Ruhoff (1965a: 166) (catalog); Lee (1967: 107) (distribution); Péricart & Golub (1996: 26) (checklist: Palaearctic); Kwon et al. (2001: 188) (checklist: Korea); Cho et al. (2020: 738) (checklist: Korea).

Specimens examined. Non-types (17 ♂♂ 16 ♀♀ 1 nymph), JAPAN: Ryukyu Islands : Yaeyama Islands : Okinawa-ken , Ishigaki-shi, Hirakubo, 27.iv.1996, leg. T. Nishimura (1 ♂, TUA) ; Ishigaki Is. , v.1995, leg. M. Takai (1 ♂, NSMT) ; Ishigaki-jima Is., Hoshino , 16.iii.1998, leg. K. Takahashi (1 ♂, NSMT) ; Yaeyama Isls. , Ishigaki Is., Kainan , 3.iv.1996, leg. M. Hayashi (1 ♀, TUA); as above but 15.xi.2018, leg. J. Souma (1 ♀ 1 nymph, TUA) ; Yaeyama Isls., Ishigaki Is., Omoto , 18.vi.1996, leg. M. Hayashi (1 ♀, TUA) ; Ishigaki-jima Is., Banna Park , 6.iv.1997, leg. T. Ishikawa (1 ♂, TUA) ; as above but 7.iv.1997 (1 ♀, TUA) ; as above but 17.v.2000 (1 ♀, TUA) ; Ishigaki-jima Is., Itona , 4.vi.1999, leg. H. Mizushima (1 ♀, TUA) ; Ishigaki Is., Nosoko-rindo , 17.vi.2008, leg. Y. Nakatani (1 ♀, NIAES) ; as above but 14.xi.2018, leg. J. Souma (1 ♂ 1 ♀, TUA) ; Yaeyama Isls., Ishigaki Is., Okawa , 2421'42.2" N 12409 '52.5"E, 11.xi.2018, leg. J. Souma (4 ♂♂ 3 ♀♀, TUA) ; as above but 16.xi.2018 (4 ♂♂, TUA) ; Yaeyama Isls., Ishigaki Is., Hirae , 2423'28.6" N 12412 '00.7"E, 17.xi.2018, leg. J. Souma (1 ♂ 2 ♀♀, TUA) ; Yaeyama Isls., Ishigaki Is., Misaki-cho , 2420'13.0" N 12409 '19.9"E, 18.xi.2018, leg. J. Souma (1 ♂, TUA) ; Okinawa-ken, Ishigaki Is., Tôrogawa , 28–31.v.2021, leg. S. Imada & N. Tsuji (1 ♀, ELKU) . TAIWAN: Bunzan-gun, Mt. Rara , 19–20.vi.1938, leg. S. Nomura (1 ♂, ELKU) ; Taich-sh, Kahodai-Reimei, Hassenzan , 12.vii.1932, leg. T. Esaki (1 ♀, ELKU) ; Nantou County, Ren'ai Township, Tattaka, Lixing Industry Road , 2404'25.4" N 12109 '32.2"E, 19.v.2016, leg. Y. Tamadera (1 ♂ 1 ♀, NMNS) . Two specimens deposited in ELKU are labeled “ Cysteochila esakii Takeya, 1962 ” (manuscript name). A single nymph is in a poor condition and, therefore, not described in the present article.

Diagnosis. Recognized among other species of Physatocheila by a combination of the following characters: general color light brown ( Figs. 8B , 9B , 10B , 11B ); median spine on head extending beyond bases of frontal spines; rostrum reaching posterior margin of mesosternum; pubescence on pronotum less than 0.5 times as long as diameter of compound eye; lateral carinae of pronotum close to each other in anterior part, concealed by paranotum in anterior part; paranota incompletely covering pronotal disc in anterior part, not touching each other, not concealing median carina of pronotum, widened posteriorly, bulged upward in posterior part, forming a cyst; cyst of paranotum not concave in posterior part; outer margin of paranotum gently curved outward in its entire length; costal area of hemelytron wider than subcostal area at widest part, less than 0.5 times as wide as discoidal area at widest part, with a single row of areolae in apical part and 2 rows in remaining parts; and subcostal area subhorizontal, with 2 rows of areolae in its entire length.

Description of genitalia. Pygophore ( Figs. 10B , 17D ) compressed dorsoventrally, hexagonal in ventral view, strongly concave at anterior margin of dorsum, elevated at center of venter, smooth on surface, irregularly punctate in middle part of dorsum. Paramere ( Fig. 18D ) expanded in middle part, curved inward in apical part; outer and inner margins covered with pubescence in middle part. Female terminalia ( Fig. 11B ) pentagonal in ventral view, covered with pubescence.

Remarks. This species belongs to Physatocheila based on the presence of generic characteristics, as mentioned in the Diagnosis section. Therefore, the new combination, Physatocheila consueta (Drake, 1948) comb. nov., is proposed.

These specimens matched the photographs of the holotype (http://twinsecttype.nmns.edu.tw/specimen/?id=NMNS-USNM-00042; http://n 2t.net/ark:/65665/30e912f6b-9ac6-4a4c-8f15-67eddf9f871e) and the original description (Drake 1948) of P. consueta comb. nov. described from Taiwan in general appearance.

Physatocheila consueta comb. nov. resembles P. chiniana comb. nov. in general appearance but can be distinguished from it by the following characteristics: paranotum incompletely covering pronotal disc in anterior part, not touching median carina of pronotum ( Fig. 8B ); costal area of hemelytron with a single row of areolae in apical part and in 2 rows in remaining parts; subcostal area of hemelytron subhorizontal: metasternum wider than mesosternum ( Fig. 9B ); and metasternal laminae curved outward.

Distribution. Japan (Ryukyu Islands: Ishigaki Island), Korea?, Taiwan, Vietnam.

As mentioned in the section on P. chiniana comb. nov., previous records of P. consueta comb nov. from Japan are all doubtful. Therefore, reliable records of the “true” P. consueta comb. nov. from Japan are presented here for the first time. The photograph of C. consueta from Korea provided by Cho et al. (2020) represents P. chiniana comb. nov., therefore the occurrence of P. consueta comb. nov. in Korea is in need of confirmation. Discovery of P. consueta comb nov. from Ishigaki Island represents the northernmost reliable distributional record for this species.

Host plant. The first author of the present study confirmed Ampelopsis glandulosa (Wall.) Momiy. var. hancei (Planch.) Momiy. (Vitaceae) ( Fig. 13C ) as the host plant for P. consueta comb. nov.

Biology. A number of individuals of Physatocheila consueta comb. nov. were collected from the leaves of the host plant Ampelopsis glandulosa var. hancei in the Ryukyu Islands, suggesting that this species is folivorous, similar to many tingids ( Schuh & Weirauch 2020).

In Japan, adults were observed from April to June and in November, and nymphs were observed in November (present study). Conversely, adults were collected from May to July in Taiwan (present study).

Figures

FIGURE 8. Nine Physatocheila species from Japan. Dried specimens, dorsal view: P. chiniana comb. nov. (A); P. consueta comb. nov. (B); P. distinguenda (C); P. euthenia comb. nov. (D); P. fieberi from Japan proper (E); P. fieberi from the Ryukyu Islands (F); P. miyatakei (G); P. nigrintegerrima (H); P. orientis (I); P. veteris (J). Scale bar: 1.0 mm.

FIGURE 9. Rostra and sternal laminae of nine Physatocheila species from Japan, ventral view: P. chiniana comb. nov. (A); P. consueta comb. nov. (B); P. distinguenda (C); P. euthenia comb. nov. (D); P. fieberi (E); P. miyatakei (F); P. nigrintegerrima (G); P. orientis (H); P. veteris (I). Scale bars: 0.2 mm.

FIGURE 10. Male terminalia of nine Physatocheila species from Japan, ventral view: P. chiniana comb. nov. (A); P. consueta comb. nov. (B); P. distinguenda (C); P. euthenia comb. nov. (D); P. fieberi (E); P. miyatakei (F); P. nigrintegerrima (G); P. orientis (H); P. veteris (I). Scale bars: 0.2 mm.

FIGURE 11. Female terminalia of nine Physatocheila species from Japan, ventral view: P. chiniana comb. nov. (A); P. consueta comb. nov. (B); P. distinguenda (C); P. euthenia comb. nov. (D); P. fieberi (E); P. miyatakei (F); P. nigrintegerrima (G); P. orientis (H); P. veteris (I). Scale bars: 0.2 mm.

FIGURE 13. A living adult (A) and a living fifth instar nymph (B) of Physatocheila consueta comb. nov. from Ishigaki Island, the Ryukyu Islands, Japan (photographed indoor). Host plant (Ampelopsis glandulosa (Wall.) Momiy. var. hancei (Planch.) Momiy.) (C) of P. consueta comb. nov. on Ishigaki Island, the Ryukyu Islands, Japan.

FIGURE 17. Pygophores of eleven species of Cysteochila and its close relatives from Japan, dorsal view: C. abundantis (A); Limnostatua lewisi comb. nov. (B); Physatocheila chiniana comb. nov. (C); P. consueta comb. nov. (D); P. distinguenda (E); P. euthenia comb. nov. (F); P. fieberi from Japan proper (G); P. fieberi from the Ryukyu Islands (H); P. miyatakei (I); P. nigrintegerrima (J); P. orientis (K); P. veteris (L). Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 18. Parameres of eleven species of Cysteochila and its close relatives from Japan, dorsal view: C. abundantis (A); Limnostatua lewisi comb. nov. (B); Physatocheila chiniana comb. nov. (C); P. consueta comb. nov. (D); P. distinguenda (E); P. euthenia comb. nov. (F); P. fieberi from Japan proper (G); P. fieberi from the Ryukyu Islands (H); P. miyatakei (I); P. nigrintegerrima (J); P. orientis (K); P. veteris (L). Scale bars: 0.1 mm.