Eurytoma spongiosa Bugbee, 1951

Zhang, Y. Miles, Gates, Michael W. & Shorthouse, Joseph D., 2017, Revision of Canadian Eurytomidae (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea) associated with galls induced by cynipid wasps of the genus Diplolepis Geoffroy (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae) and description of a new species, Journal of Hymenoptera Research 61, pp. 1-29 : 13

Eurytoma spongiosa Bugbee

Figs 11 , 37

Eurytoma spongiosa Bugbee, 1951b: 254-258. Holotype female (USNM). Type data: USA, Indiana [Bloomington]; associated with galls induced by Diplolepis rosae (L.) on species of Rosa , April 14, 1933.

Diagnosis.

Similar to E. imminuta , but metasoma larger and more elongated (Fig. 11 ).

Females.

Body length 1.0-4.0 mm. Color: Black except for the following yellow - basal half of scape, posterior half profemur, mesofemur, basal pro- and mesotibia, apex of hindlegs, tip of ovipositor sheaths, tarsomeres 1-4, wing veination (Fig. 11 ).

Head. 1.3 × as broad as high, with umbilicate punctures with small tentorial pits. Genal carina present; malar space 0.8 × eye height; supraclypeal area smooth (Fig. 22 ). Toruli positioned slightly above lower ocular line. Intertorular space obtuse dorsally, with 2 rows setae. Funicular segments subequal in size, fusiform; pedicel chalice-shaped; F1 slightly narrowed basally, funicular segments with 2 rows of longitudinal sensillae and 3 whorls of setae; clava 2-segmented. Ratio of LOL:OOL:POL is 1:1.2:2.5. Head posteriorly with postgenal lamina and postgenal grooves ridged, delimited ventrally by postgenal depression. Postgena sparsely setose.

Mesosoma. Largely umbilicate, 1.5 × as long as broad; notauli complete, shallow. Epicnemium imbricate, flattened. Mesepisternum anterior to femoral depression umbilicate; mesepimeron reticulate ventrally, striolate or smooth dorsally, with longitudinal rugae originating from the posterior margin. Precoxal tooth formed by raised adscrobal carina present in lateral view. Lateral panels of propodeum and callus with umbilicate punctures, distinctly delimited from median area by carinae forming irregular setose cells, median furrow delimited, forming 2 rows of irregular foveae (Fig. 25 ). Procoxa imbricate, lacking setation proximally. Mesocoxal lamella absent. Metacoxa densely setose along anterior margins, glabrate with one row of setae along posterior distal margin. Forewing hyaline, marginal vein and postmarginal vein subequal in length.

Metasoma. Gaster 1.2 × as long as mesosoma in lateral view; smooth, anterior edge of gastral tergites microreticulate (Fig. 11 ). Petiole 0.5 × as long as broad in dorsal view, with projecting lateral teeth as well as mediodorsal prong. Gaster not laterally compressed, oval shaped and convex in lateral view, ovipositor parallel to horizontal axis. Gt1-3 glabrate, Gt4 with 1-4 setae lateromedially, Gt5-8 and apex of ovipositor sheath densely setose. Gt4 strongly emarginate on posterior margin dorsally.

Male.

Body length: 1.7-2.2 mm. Color: Black, yellow areas as described for female. Sculpture as described for female. Antennae with funicular segments pedunculate, F2-F5 each with 2 rows of erect setae and 1 row of longitudinal sensillae (Fig. 30 ); scape with ventral plaque in apical half. Gastral petiole in lateral view cylindrical, in dorsal view length about 1.5 × as long as greatest width, 0.6 × times length of metacoxa; irregularly reticulate dorsally and ventrally, obliterated laterally.

Remarks.

Few consistent morphological differences were found between E. imminuta and E. spongiosa (identified in Zhang et al. 2014 as E. spongiosa 1, and E. spongiosa 2, respectively) despite deep divergence in COI sequences and differences in host records ( Zhang et al. 2014). Considering there are examples of other members of the Eurytoma rosae species group having been identified as genetically distinct but morphologically indistinguishable ( Ács et al. 2002, Gómez et al. 2011), the two species are therefore considered as distinct. Variation in size and degrees of infuscation on legs. Bugbee (1951b: 259) indicated that E. flavicruensa may represent "the extreme western equivalent of E. spongiosa ." Only the holotype is intact and all of the paratypes are lacking metasoma, much of their legs, and antennae. He indicates the pro- and mesocoxae are yellow, but they are actually blackish on their lateral surfaces. Given the paucity of material of E. flavicruensa , evaluation of its species status must await the collection of additional topotypical material.

Biology.

Reared from galls induced by D. fusiformans on R. blanda ; Diplolepis ignota on R. arkansana Porter; D. nebulosa on R. blanda ; D. polita on R. acicularis ; D. triforma on R. acicularis and R. canina ; and D. variabilis .

Material examined

(28 females, 25 males). CANADA: Alberta: Coaldale , 12.V.2007, J.D. & M.R. Shorthouse, ex Diplolepis ignota on Rosa arkansana (4F, 2M, CNCI) . Ontario: Cochrane, 24.IV.2010, J.D. Shorthouse & Y.M. Zhang, ex Diplolepis triforma on Rosa acicularis , (11F, 7M, CNCI); Manitoulin Island, 2.V.2009, J.D. Shorthouse & J.D. Renelli, ex Diplolepis triforma on Rosa acicularis , (1F, 3M, CNCI); Manitoulin Island , 6.V.2010, J.D. Shorthouse & Y.M. Zhang, ex Diplolepis triforma on Rosa canina , (1F, 5M, CNCI); Manitoulin Island , 4.IX.2010, J.D. & M.R. Shorthouse, ex Diplolepis nebulosa on Rosa blanda , (1F, CNCI); Moose Factory Island , 13.VIII.1998, J.D. Shorthouse & M.G. St. John , ex Diplolepis polita on Rosa acicularis (1M, CNCI); Renfrew, 15.IV.2000, J.D. Shorthouse, ex Diplolepis fusiformans on Rosa blanda (1M, CNCI) . Québec: La Sarre, 13.VII.2010, B.L. Smallwood & Y.M. Zhang, ex Diplolepis polita on Rosa acicularis (5F, 1M, CNCI) . Saskatchewan: Maple Creek , 10.V.2003, J.D. & M.R. Shorthouse, ex Diplolepis ignota on Rosa arkansana (5F, 5M, CNCI) .

Distribution.

From Alberta, Saskatchewan, Ontario, and Québec (Fig. 37 ).

Figures

Figures 6 - 11. Tenuipetiolus ruber 6 Female habitus. Eurytoma iniquus 7 Female habitus. E. longavena 8 Female habitus. E. discordans 9 Female habitus. E. imminuta 10 Female habitus (length 2.0 mm). E. spongiosa 11 Female habitus (length 3.2 mm), arrow pointing to precoxal tooth formed by the adscrobal carina.

Figure 32 - 37. 32 Known localities of Eurytoma shorthousei in Canada 33 Known localities of E. iniquus in Canada 34 Known localities of E. longavena in Canada 35 Known localities of E. discordans in Canada. 36. Known localities of E. imminuta in Canada 37 Known localities of E. spongiosa in Canada.

Figures 18 - 23. Eurytoma obtusilobae 18 Propodeum 20 Petiole, lateral view. E. shorthousei sp. n. 19 Propodeal spiracle 21 Petiole, dorsal view. E. discordans: 22 Head, anterior view 23 Head, posterior view.

Figure 24 - 28. Eurytoma shorthousei 24 Face in lateral view. E. longavena 25 Propodeum 28 Female metasoma, lateral view. E. discordans 26 Female antenna 27 Female metasoma.

Figure 29 - 31. Eurytoma discordans 29 Male antenna. E. longavena 30 Male antenna 31 Known localities of Tenuipetiolus ruber in Canada.