Daviesia umbellulata Smith (1805: 507)

Crisp, Michael D., Cayzer, Lindy, Chandler, Gregory T. & Cook, Lyn G., 2017, A monograph of Daviesia (Mirbelieae, Faboideae, Fabaceae), Phytotaxa 300 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

62. Daviesia umbellulata Smith (1805: 507) , Bentham (1864: 75), Stanley & Ross (1983: 253), Crisp (1995: 1243), Crisp (2002: 526). Daviesia ulicina Sm. var. umbellulata (Sm.) Wawra von Fernsee (1883: 14) . Type: [Port Jackson]. Holotype: ‘ New South Wales, [ex Herb.] J. Banks, 1798’ (LINN); isotype: LIV

Daviesia racemulosa Candolle (1825: 114) . Type: ‘...in Nova-Hollandia...(v.s. sine fr.)’. Holotype: G-DC.

Daviesia concinna R.Br. ex Bentham (1864: 75) . Type : ‘ Queensland. Rock hills, Pine Port, R. Brown. N . S . Wales. Hastings river ; Beckler (Herb. R.Br. and F.Muell.)’. Lectotype (Crisp 1995: 1243): In collibus saxosis prope Pine Port, Herb. R . Brown no. 4066 ( BM); isolectotype: CANB, E, K (part of a sheet) . Syntype: Hastings R ., Dr. Beckler ( MEL) .

Daviesia umbellulata Sm. var. dietrichiae Domin (1926: 723) . Type: ‘Sud-Queensland: Brisbane River , A. Dietrich s.n.’ Lectotype (Crisp 1995: 1243): US; isolectotype: AD, B, CANB, LD, PR, PRC.

[ Chorizema genistifolia Hereman (1868: 181) — nom. inval., given as a synonym of D. racemulosa .]

Nomenclatural note:— Labillardiére (1805) misapplied the name D. ulicifolia to D. umbellulata Sm. and compounded the error with a misspelling ( ‘ umbellata ’). Labillardiére was followed by several authors using both spellings until Bentham (1864) corrected the misapplication. The synonymies of D. ulicifolia in Crisp (1995) and in this monograph detail these misapplications. Current flora treatments accept the name D. umbellulata Sm. and treat it separately from D. ulicifolia (e.g. Stanley & Ross 1983, Crisp 2002).

Slender shrubs 0.3 to 1 m tall, glabrous or hirsute on branchlets, to scabrous on phyllodes. Root anatomy unknown. Branchlets terete, ribbed. Phyllodes fairly crowded, divaricate or somewhat retrorse, ovate, narrowly so or linear, rarely narrowly elliptic, apically acuminate and pungent, basally cordate to rounded or cuneate, articulate, 7–30 × 0.5–8 mm, glabrous to scabrous. Unit inflorescences usually axillary, rarely terminal (Torrington and Palm Beach areas only). Axillary inflorescences umbellate or occasionally (e.g. Torrington and Palm Beach areas) racemose with leaf-like bracts grading into more typical bracts, solitary, 3–6-flowered; peduncle 3–50 mm long;

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CRISP ET AL.

rachis <1 mm long (up to 5 mm in the Torrington and Palm Beach areas). Terminal inflorescences racemose with leaf-like bracts that grade into more typical bracts; peduncle (including leafy portion) 35–105 mm long; rachis 1–6 mm long. Barren basal bracts numerous, broadly oblong to obovate, keeled or not, spreading at the tips, to ca. 0.75 mm long, or sometimes leaf-like (Torrington and Palm Beach areas); subtending bracts keeled or not, oblong, spreading at the tips, to 1 mm long. Pedicels 4–5.5 mm long. Calyx 3–3.5 mm long including the 0.5–1 mm receptacle; upper 2 lobes united in a truncate lip, ca. 1 mm long; lower 3 lobes triangular, <1 mm long. Corolla : standard transversely ovate, emarginate, 5–7 × 5–7.5 mm including the 1–2 mm claw, with 2 calli at the base of the lamina, pale yellow to pale orange-yellow with a faint to very dark maroon infusion surrounding the pale yellow, usually bilobed central spot; wings obovate with a rounded apex, auriculate, 4.5–6 × 2–2.5 mm including the 1–1.5

A MONOGRAPH OF DAVIESIA

Phytotaxa 300 (1) © 2017 Magnolia Press • 145 mm claw, yellow at the apex and margins, infused with maroon towards the base; keel half transverse-obovate, apically acute to scarcely obtuse, auriculate, saccate, 4–4.5 × 1.5–2.5 mm including the 1–2 mm claw, maroon. Stamens strongly dimorphic: inner whorl of 5 with longer, slender, terete filaments and shorter, rounder, versatile anthers with confluent thecae; outer whorl of 5 with shorter, broader, compressed filaments and longer, oblong, basifixed, 2-celled anthers; filaments free. Pod obliquely shallowly obtriangular, acuminate, somewhat compressed, 8–10 × 4–6 mm, upper suture sigmoid; lower suture ca. 90°. Seed not seen. ( Fig. 62 ).

Flowering period:— August to December. Fruiting period: September to December.

Distribution:— Mainly near the coast from Shoalwater Bay in Queensland to Sydney, New South Wales, with a disjunct inland population near Torrington, New South Wales.

Habitat:— Grows mostly in sandy soils over clay or granite, though occasionally in loamy soils, in the understorey of eucalypt-dominated open forest and woodland or in Banksia -dominated heathland. One population occurs inland at moderate elevation (ca. 1,000 m), in the Torrington area of northern NSW.

Selected specimens (100 examined):— QUEENSLAND. Wide Bay: Ca. 0.5 km N of Torbanlea School on road to Hervey Bay , 25°21’S, 152°36’E, D. L . Jones 6345 & B. E . Jones, 30 August 1990 ( BRI, CANB); 23.6 km from Rainbow Beach towards Gympie , 25°59’S, 152°59’E, M . D. Crisp 10328 & D. C . Morris, 8 October 2006 ( CANB, NSW). Moreton : 1.6 km NE of Landsborough, 26°47’S, 153°09’E, J. H . Ross 3177, 30 August 1986 ( BRI, CANB, HO, MEL, NSW); 6 km from Woodford along road to Beerburrum , 26°47’ S 152°50’ E, M . D. Crisp 2655, 26 May 1977 ( CBG) . NEW SOUTH WALES. Northern Tablelands: Torrington State Conservation Area, Blatherarm Creek campground vicinity, 29°14’S, 151°42’E, M . D. Crisp 11693, 31 January 2016 ( CANB); 12 km from Torrington towards Silent Grove , 29°14’S, 151°42’E, J. A . Armstrong 664, 27 November 1973 ( NSW); S of Torrington , ca. 29°19’S, 151°41’E, E . Gauba s.n., 13 December 1951 ( CBG 2712 ). North Coast: 1 km from Coutts Crossing toward Armidale, 29°50’S, 152°53’E, M . D. Crisp 7392 & I. R . Telford, 1 October 1984 ( CBG, NSW, MEL); ca. 2 km S of Angourie , 29°31’S, 153°21’E, I. R . Telford 8957 & G . Butler, 20 January 1983 ( CBG) .

Central Coast: Palm Beach, 40 km N of Sydney , 33°36’S, 151°19’E, E. H . Ising s.n., September 1962 ( AD 96243151 ); ibid., M . D. Crisp 9302, 19 August 2001 ( CANB). CULTIVATED. Australian National Botanic Gardens, Canberra , M . D. Crisp 1326, 30 October 1975 ( CBG) .

Affinity:— Daviesia umbellulata resembles D. filipes subsp. terminalis , which also has terminal inflorescences, but differs in having generally shorter phyllodes (6–19 mm long), a smaller number of flowers per inflorescence (1–3), no leaf-like bracts on the peduncle, longer pedicels (4–12 mm long) and smaller flowers (e.g. calyx 2.5–3 mm long, standard 4.5–5 × 3.5–4 mm).

This species has been confused with D. ulicifolia , though they are not closely related ( Fig. 1A ). Despite a superficial similarity between the narrow-leaved forms of these species, D. ulicifolia is readily distinguished by its calyx, which has 5 uniform 10-ribbed lobes with incurved tips, whereas D. umbellulata has a strongly zygomorphic calyx with a truncate upper lip, no ribs and straight to slightly recurved tips. Also, D. ulicifolia has spinescent branchlet tips, unlike D. umbellulata . See also the nomenclatural note above.

Variation:— Specimens from the disjunct inland population near Torrington (NSW) have cordate phyllodes ( Fig. 62B ), leaf-like bracts (cf. Palm Beach material), inflorescences that appear almost terminal on lateral shoots, and a later flowering and fruiting period, though this could be due to a higher elevation. These characters are plastic and lacking in some Torrington-area plants, while some specimens from coastal areas (e.g. Palm Beach) have some or all of these characters. In the molecular phylogeny ( Fig. 1A ), D. umbellulata forms a clade (bootstrap = 89), with the accession from Palm Beach (Crisp 9302) being sister to the accession from the Torrington area (Crisp 11693).

VII. Cord-Rooted Clade

Figures

FIGURE 1A. Phylogeny (part) of Daviesia estimated using maximum likelihood (PHYML) from concatenated sequences of ITS (nrDNA), and ndhF and trnL–trnF (cpDNA). The tree was rooted using the monotypic sister groups Viminaria and Erichsenia (not shown). The informal clade names are used for reference in the taxonomic treatment. Numbers on branches show non-bootstrap support. The tips are labelled with the taxon name and sample accession number.

FIGURE 62. Daviesia umbellulata. A. Branchlet in late stage of flowering. B, C. Phyllodes in adaxial view, showing variation. D. Inflorescence. E. Pod. A from Harrold 136; B from Gauba s.n. (CBG 2712); C, E from White s.n., 26 October 1916 (BRI); D from Crisp 1326. Drawn by A.L. Prowse.