Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel, 1912) SE

Drew, R. A. I. & Hancock, D. L., 2022, Biogeography, Speciation and Taxonomy within the genus Bactrocera Macquart with application to the Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) complex of fruit flies (Diptera Tephritidae: Dacinae), Zootaxa 5190 (3), pp. 333-360 : 352-353

Key to pest species in the Bactrocera dorsalis complex

1 Scutum base colour red-brown with dark lanceolate patterns similar to Bactrocera cacuminata (Hering) , occasionally largely pale or dull black with red-brown lateral margins; lateral postsutural yellow vittae narrow (less than 0.15 mm in centre [broader in some Himalayan specimens]); all femora without dark preapical markings; dark transverse band across tergum III generally wide and covering most of tergum except in centre............................... B. invadens Drew, Tsuruta & White

– Scutum base colour black with red-brown lateral margins (rarely red-brown); lateral postsutural yellow vittae broad and parallel to subparallel (greater than 0.15 mm in centre), if less then all femora with dark preapical markings; dark transverse band across tergum III narrow, not covering most of tergum............................................................. 2

2 Abdominal sterna pale, approaching yellow in colour.................................... B. ochroma Drew & Romig

– Abdominal sterna dark fuscous to black................................................................... 3

3 Lateral postsutural yellow vittae narrowing posteriorly; abdominal terga III-V each with a separate dark fuscous to black ‘T’ pattern and broad dark fuscous lateral margins....................................... B. pyrifoliae Drew & Hancock

– Lateral postsutural yellow vittae parallel-sided or subparallel; abdominal terga III-V not as above, generally with a dark ‘T’ pattern over all three terga.............................................................................. 4

4 Lateral postsutural yellow vittae narrow, less than or equal to 0.15 mm in width; all femora with dark preapical markings.. 5

– Lateral postsutural yellow vittae broad, greater than 0.15 mm wide; without preapical dark markings on all femora....... 6

5 Abdominal terga III-V with a moderately broad medial band and broad lateral longitudinal dark bands.. B. caryeae (Kapoor)

– Abdominal terga III-V with a distinct ‘T’ pattern, with or without narrow lateral margins.... B. kandiensis Drew & Hancock

6 Wing with costal band overlapping R 2+3 and with some widening at apex......................................... 7

– Wing with costal band confluent with R 2+3 and remaining narrow around apex (may have a slight swelling around apex of R

4+5)............................................................................................... 9

7 Wing with costal band distinctly overlapping R 2+3 and widening significantly at apex; abdominal terga III-V with broad medial and lateral longitudinal dark bands....................................................... B. occipitalis (Bezzi)

– Wing with costal band only slightly overlapping R 2+3 where it is pale in colour and widening only slightly at apex; abdominal terga III-V with a moderately broad medial longitudinal dark band and small anterolateral corners on terga IV and V...... 8

8 Legs with a preapical dark spot on fore femora; anterolateral dark markings on tergum IV rectangular in shape...................................................................................... B. carambolae Drew & Hancock

– Legs with all femora entirely fulvous; anterolateral dark markings on tergum IV triangular in shape................................................... B. papaya e Drew & Hancock (some specimens: var. philippinensis Drew & Hancock )

9 Face with a pair of large elongate-oval black spots; abdominal terga III-V orange-brown with a broad medial and two broad lateral longitudinal dark fuscous to black bands........................................ B. syzygii White & Tsuruta

– Face with a pair of medium sized oval black spots; abdominal terga III-V orange-brown with a distinct ‘T’ pattern and narrow lateral dark markings................................................................................. 10

10 Fore tibia with a black ventral stripe; ratio of length of oviscape to length of tergum V, 1: 1 to 1.5: 1; length of male aedeagus 2.54–3.4 mm (mean 2.95 mm); ratio of length of preglans appendix to length of phallus, 1:3.93; length of aculeus 1.77–2.12 mm .......................................................................... B. papayae Drew & Hancock

– Fore tibia without a black ventral stripe; ratio of length of oviscape to length of tergum V, 0.7:1 to 0.8:1; length of male aedeagus 2.46–2.7 mm (mean 2.59 mm); ratio of length of preglans appendix to length of phallus 1: 2.55; length of aculeus 1.4–1.6 mm ......................................................................... B. dorsalis (Hendel)