Glyptapanteles luchosalagajei Arias-Penna, sp. nov.

Arias-Penna, Diana Carolina, Whitfield, James B., Janzen, Daniel H., Winifred Hallwachs,, Dyer, Lee A., Smith, M. Alex, Hebert, Paul D. N. & Fernandez-Triana, Jose L., 2019, A species-level taxonomic review and host associations of Glyptapanteles (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) with an emphasis on 136 new reared species from Costa Rica and Ecuador, ZooKeys 890, pp. 1-685 : 1

Glyptapanteles luchosalagajei Arias-Penna, sp. nov. Fig. 144

Female.

Body length 2.58 mm, antenna length 2.73 mm, fore wing length 3.28 mm.

Type material.

Holotype: ECUADOR • 1♀; EC-6135, YY-A027; Napo, Yanayacu Biological Station, Yanayacu Road; cloud forest; 2,100 m; - 0.566667, -77.866667; 19.viii.2005; Earthwatch volunteers leg.; adult parasitoids emerged on 29.ix.2005; ( PUCE) . Paratypes. • 57 (6♀, 2♂) (49♀, 0 ♂); EC-6135, YY-A027; same data as for holotype; ( PUCE) .

Other material.

Reared material. ECUADOR: Napo, Yanayacu Biological Station, Yanayacu Road : • 6 (2♀, 3♂) (1♀, 0 ♂); EC-2783, YY-A024; cloud forest; 2,100 m; - 0.566667, -77.866667; 22.v.2005; Harold Greeney leg. ; adult parasitoid emerged on 22.vii.2005. • 15 (5♀, 1♂ broken) (9♀, 0 ♂); EC-2868, YY-A023; same data as for preceding except: 24.v.2005; CAPEA leg.; adult parasitoids emerged on 18.vi.2005. • 16 (5♀, 3♂) (8♀, 0 ♂); EC-7033, YY-A031; same data as for preceding except: 05.ix.2005 ; Earthwatch volunteers leg.; caterpillar collected in fourth instar; cocoons formed on 26.ix.2005 ; adult parasitoids emerged on 13.x.2005. • 33 (5♀, 5♂) (23♀, 10♂); EC-36044, YY-A003; same data as for preceding except: 13.xi.2008; CAPEA leg.; caterpillar collected in second instar; cocoons formed on 12.xii.2008; adult parasitoids emerged on 23.xii.2008.

Napo, Yanayacu Biological Station, Cascada San Rafael, Plot 5: • 1 (1♀, 0 ♂) (0 ♀, 0 ♂); EC-4233, YY-A026; cloud forest; 1,275 m; - 0.1, -77.583333 (+ 50m W); 03.vi.2005; Grant Gentry leg.; cocoons formed on 06.vi.2005; adult parasitoids emerged on 18.vi.2005; Mesochorus sp. ( Ichneumonidae : Mesochorinae) was reported as hyperparasitoid.

Diagnosis.

In lateral view, metasoma curved ( Fig. 144A, J ), hind coxa medium-size punctate throughout ( Fig. 144A, J ), antenna longer than body, scutellar punctation distinct peripherally, absent centrally ( Fig. 144E, F ), edges of median area on T2 with little sculpture ( Fig. 144G, H ), petiole on T1 parallel-sided in proximal half and then narrowing ( Fig. 144G ), dorsal outer depression on hind coxa present ( Fig. 144A, J ), and fore wing with r vein slightly curved, outer side of junction of r and 2RS veins forming a slight stub ( Fig. 144K ).

Coloration

( Fig. 144 A–K ). General body coloration polished black except pedicel brown-red/reddish; first four-five proximal antennal flagellomeres dorsally lighter (light brown) than ventrally (dark brown), remaining flagellomeres dark brown on both sides; scape dark brown; labrum and mandibles yellow-brown; glossa, maxillary and labial palps, and tegulae yellow; distal corners of mesoscutum, dorsal half of lunules, BM and lateral ends of metanotum with brown-red/reddish tints. Eyes and ocelli silver. Fore and middle legs yellow except coxae proximally with a dark area, claws brown and middle femora with a narrow dorsal brown strip from top to bottom; hind legs yellow except black coxae, femora distally with a small brown spot additionally with a narrow dorsal brown strip from top to bottom, distal half of tibiae brown and proximally with a brown ring, and tarsomeres brown. Petiole on T1 black and sublateral areas yellow; T2 with median and adjacent areas brown, adjacent area with contours well-defined and together with adjacent area forming a rectangle-shaped area, and lateral ends yellow-brown; T3 completely brown except proximally corners with a small pale spot; T4 and beyond brown; distally each tergum with a narrow yellow-translucent band. In lateral view, T1-2 yellow; T3 yellow, but dorsally black; T4 and beyond brown. S1-3 proximal half yellow, distal half brown; S4 and beyond black.

Description.

Head ( Fig. 144 A–D ). Head rounded with pubescence long and dense. Proximal three antennal flagellomeres longer than wide (0.19:0.09, 0.20:0.09, 0.21:0.09), distal antennal flagellomere longer than penultimate (0.12:0.06, 0.10:0.06), antenna longer than body (2.73, 2.58); antennal scrobes-frons shallow. Face flat or nearly so, punctate-lacunose, interspaces wavy and longitudinal median carina absent. Frons smooth. Temple wide, punctate-lacunose and interspaces wavy. Inner margin of eyes diverging slightly at antennal sockets; in lateral view, eye anteriorly convex and posteriorly straight. POL shorter than OOL (0.09, 0.14). Malar suture present. Median area between lateral ocelli slightly depressed. Vertex laterally pointed or nearly so and dorsally wide.

Mesosoma ( Fig. 143A, E, F, I ). Mesosoma dorsoventrally convex. Mesoscutum proximally convex and distally flat, punctation distinct throughout, interspaces smooth. Scutellum long and slender, apex sloped and fused with BS, but not in the same plane, scutellar punctation distinct peripherally and absent centrally, in profile scutellum flat and on same plane as mesoscutum, phragma of the scutellum partially exposed; BS only very partially overlapping the MPM; ATS demilune entirely covered by parallel carinae; dorsal ATS groove with carinae only proximally. Transscutal articulation with small and heterogeneous foveae, area just behind transscutal articulation nearly at the same level as mesoscutum (flat) and with same kind of sculpture as mesoscutum. Metanotum with BM convex; MPM semicircular without median longitudinal carina; AFM with a small lobe and not as well delineated as PFM; PFM thick and smooth; ATM proximally with a groove with some sculpturing and distally smooth. Propodeum with medium-sized punctation and with a median longitudinal dent, but no trace of median longitudinal carina, proximal half curved; distal edge of propodeum with a flange at each side and without stubs; propodeal spiracle without distal carina; nucha surrounded by very short radiating carinae. Pronotum with a distinct dorsal furrow, dorsally with a well-defined smooth band, central area of pronotum smooth, but both dorsal and ventral furrows with short parallel carinae. Propleuron with fine punctations throughout and dorsally without a carina. Metasternum convex. Contour of mesopleuron convex; precoxal groove smooth, shiny and shallow, but visible; epicnemial ridge elongated more fusiform (tapering at both ends).

Legs. Ventral margin of fore telotarsus entire without seta, fore telotarsus almost same width throughout and longer than fourth tarsomere (0.15, 0.09). Hind coxa with medium-size punctate throughout and dorsal outer depression present. Inner spur of hind tibia longer than outer spur (0.23, 0.17), entire surface of hind tibia with dense strong spines clearly differentiated by color and length. Hind telotarsus as equal in length as fourth tarsomere (0.15, 0.14).

Wings ( Fig. 144K ). Fore wing with r vein slightly curved; 2RS vein straight; r and 2RS veins forming a weak, even curve at their junction and outer side of junction forming a slight stub; 2M vein slightly curved/swollen; distally fore wing [where spectral veins are] with microtrichiae more densely concentrated than the rest of the wing; anal cell 1/3 proximally lacking microtrichiae; subbasal cell with microtrichiae virtually throughout; veins 2CUa and 2CUb completely spectral; vein 2 cu-a present as spectral vein, sometimes difficult to see; vein 2-1A proximally tubular and distally spectral, although sometimes difficult to see; tubular vein 1 cu-a straight, incomplete/broken and not reaching the edge of 1-1A vein. Hind wing with vannal lobe very narrow, subdistally and subproximally straightened, and setae evenly scattered in the margin.

Metasoma ( Fig. 144A, G, H, J ). Metasoma curved. Petiole on T1 finely sculptured only laterally, parallel-sided in proximal half and then narrowing (length 0.36, maximum width 0.20, minimum width 0.12), and with scattered pubescence concentrated in the first distal third. Lateral grooves delimiting the median area on T2 clearly defined and reaching the distal edge of T2 (length median area 0.19, length T2 0.19), edges of median area with little sculpture, median area broader than long (length 0.19, maximum width 0.25, minimum width 0.11); T2 with pubescence in distal half. T3 longer than T2 (0.24, 0.19) and with a distinctive row of pubescence only at the distal margin. Pubescence on hypopygium dense.

Cocoons. Unknown.

Comments.

The body is elongate and cylindrical . The metasoma is distinctively curved. The antenna is short and curled. In some females, the coloration of the hind femora and the hind tibiae is almost brown.

Male.

Similar in coloration to female. In some males, the body coloration is brown-red/reddish instead of black.

Etymology.

Luis (Lucho) Alberto Salagaje is one of the gusaneros who has assisted with caterpillar rearing at Yanayacu Biological Station.

Distribution.

Parasitized caterpillars were collected in Ecuador, Napo, Yanayacu Biological Station (Cascada San Rafael and Yanayacu Road), during May-June and September 2005, and November 2008 at 1,275 m and 2,100 m in cloud forest.

Biology.

The lifestyle of this parasitoid species is gregarious. Mesochorus sp. ( Ichneumonidae : Mesochorinae) was reported as hyperparasitoid.

Host.

Hypanartia sp. Hübner ( Nymphalidae : Nymphalinae) feeding on Miriocarpa sp. and undetermined species of Urticaceae . Pseudautomeris yourii Lemaire ( Saturniidae : Hemileucinae) feeding on undetermined species of Melastomataceae . Undetermined species of Saturniidae feeding on Boehmeria caudate ( Urticaceae ) and undetermined species of Nymphalidae feeding on Boehmeria caudate and Miriocarpa sp. ( Urticaceae ). Caterpillars were collected at second and fourth instar.

Figures

Figure 143. Glyptapanteles lubomasneri sp. nov. male 07 - SRNP- 547 DHJPAR 0012892 A Habitus B-D Head B Frontal view C Lateral view D Dorsal view E Mesonotum, dorsal view F Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view G T 1 - 2, dorsal view H, J Metasoma H Dorsal view J Lateral view I Mesosoma, lateral view K, L Wings K Fore L Hind.

Figure 144. Glyptapanteles luchosalagajei sp. nov. female EC- 6135 YY-A 027, EC- 7033 YY-A 031 A Habitus B, D Head B Frontal view D Dorsal view C Head, propleuron, lateral view E Mesonotum, dorsal view F Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view G T 1 - 3, dorsal view H, J Metasoma H Dorsal view J Lateral view I Mesosoma, lateral view K Fore and hind wings.