Horismenus bilineatus Pikart, 2024

Pikart, Tiago G., Schoeninger, Karine, Costa, Valmir A., Hansson, Christer, Zanuncio, José C. & Serrão, José E., 2024, Nine new species of Horismenus Walker (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) in Brazil, with an emphasis on the fauna of one of the largest tropical forests on the planet, the Atlantic Forest, Zootaxa 5453 (1), pp. 33-62 : 41-43

Horismenus bilineatus Pikart , Costa & Hansson, sp. nov.

Figs 21–30

Type material. Holotype ♀ point mounted, with label “ BRASIL, ES [Espírito Santo], Santa Teresa , Est. Biol. Sta. Lúcia, 19º58’25,2”S 40º31’44,6”W, Varredura veg.—Am. 29, 8.iv.2001, CO Azevedo e eq., col.” (deposited in MZUSP) . Paratypes. 2♀. 1♀ with same data as the Holotype, but Am. 30 (deposited in MZUSP) ; 1♀, with same data as the Holotype, but Am. 46 and date 11.iv.2001 (deposited in BMNH) .

Type condition. Holotype missing left fore and hind wings. Paratype specimen deposited in BMNH, missing left pedicel and flagellum, left fore wing is glued separately ; Paratype specimen deposited in MZUSP with head and mesosoma glued separately, missing left flagellum .

Diagnosis. Malar sulcus present, vertex with area within the ocellar triangle smooth and shiny, without median groove ( Fig. 27 ); mesoscutellum with strong raised reticulation, median groove and lateral mesh-row absent ( Fig. 29 ); fore wing with admarginal setae distributed in two irregular rows ( Fig. 23 ); gaster short, MM/LG= 1.0; propodeal callus with 4–5 setae. Similar to Horismenus ancilifer Hansson , but with strong reticulation on frons, malar sulcus present, femora paler, hind tibial spur longer, propodeum more reticulated and anterolateral foveae larger, fore wing with admarginal setae in irregular rows ( Fig. 23 ), gaster shorter.

Description. Female. Length of body 1.3–1.5 mm.

Color. Scape yellowish brown, pedicel, and flagellum pale brown ( Fig. 21 ). Frons and vertex metallic dark brown ( Fig. 22 ). Mesoscutum and mesoscutellum metallic dark brown ( Fig. 24 ). Propodeum dark brown with metallic bluish green tinges on smooth parts ( Fig. 24 ). Coxae brown with metallic shine; femora and tibiae yellowish brown, tarsi yellowish white with last tarsomere brown ( Fig. 21 ). Wings hyaline. Petiole metallic dark brown. Gaster metallic dark brown ( Fig. 21 ).

Head. Antennae as in Fig. 26 . Frons with interscrobal surface smooth and shiny, clypeal area with weak raised reticulation, remaining parts with strong raised reticulation; frontofacial sulcus V-shaped, incomplete, not reaching eyes; antennal scrobes joining frontofacial sulcus separately. Malar sulcus present. Vertex area within the ocellar triangle and between posterior ocelli and eyes smooth and shiny ( Fig. 27 ), remaining areas with weak raised reticulation; median groove absent. Occipital margin rounded.

Mesosoma. Mesoscutum with strong raised reticulation; notauli as triangular impressions posteriorly. Mesoscutellum with strong raised reticulation, smooth and shiny along the side and posterior margin ( Fig. 29 ). Metascutellum convex, smooth, and shiny, anteriorly with two large foveae. Propodeum ( Fig. 28 ) smooth and shiny, submedian grooves, median carina, nucha, supracoxal flanges, and anterolateral foveae with raised reticulation; propodeal callus with 4–5 setae. Coxae with weak reticulation. Fore wing with speculum closed posteriorly, with 27–39 admarginal setae in two irregular lines ( Fig. 23 ); costal cell bare.

Metasoma. Gaster ( Fig. 30 ) with first tergite smooth and shiny, with a weak reticulate band near posterior margin.

Ratios. DE/DO 4.8; WH/DE 2.0; HE/MS/WM 2.8/1.0/1.6; POL/OOL/POO 2.4/1.0/1.1; WH/WT 1.0; LW/LM/ HW 1.6/1.0/1.0; PM/ST 1.3; LC/WC 2.5; WG/WC 0.5; LS/LT 0.4; LP/WP 1.4; MM/LG 1.0.

Male. Unknown.

Remarks. Some paratypes have mid coxae and/or gaster pale brown.

Etymology. The specific name is from the Latin, bi = two, and linea = line, in reference to the two lines of admarginal setae in female fore wing.

Distribution. Brazil (Santa Teresa, Espírito Santo State).

Hosts. Unknown.

Species identification. Using the key in Hansson (2009), females run to subkey B, couplet 13, first alternative, where this species can be differentiated from H. ancilifer as mentioned above under the diagnosis.

Figures

FIGURES 21–24. Horismenus bilineatus sp. nov., females: 21, habitus, lateral view, holotype; 22, head, frontal view, paratype; 23, fore wing, admarginal setae indicated by black circles, paratype; 24, mesosoma, dorsal view, paratype. MV = marginal vein; PM = postmarginal vein; ST = stigmal vein. Scale bar: 21 = 500 μm; 22–24 = 100 μm.

FIGURES 25–30. Horismenus bilineatus sp. nov., females: 25, head, frontal view, holotype; 26, antenna, lateral view, holotype; 27, vertex, holotype; 28, propodeum, paratype; 29, mesosoma, dorsal view, paratype; 30, gaster, dorsal view, paratype. Scale bar: 25–27, 29–30 = 100 μm; 28 = 50 μm.