Argia angelae, Vilela & Guillermo-Ferreira & Del-Claro & Cordero-Rivera, 2018

Vilela, Diogo Silva, Guillermo-Ferreira, Rhainer, Del-Claro, Kleber & Cordero-Rivera, Adolfo, 2018, Argia angelae (Odonata: Zygoptera: Coenagrionidae) sp. nov. from Chapada dos Guimarães, Mato Grosso, Brazil, Zootaxa 4415 (3), pp. 549-560 : 550-557

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4415.3.8
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:DBA03C1E-D4D7-4FFC-B4F1-B9598EF1671B
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5967011
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9B04244C-A076-FFC6-FF32-FB1AFE65FE69
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Argia angelae
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Argia angelae View in CoL sp. nov.

( Figs. 2 View FIGURE 2 ‒31)

Holotype. ♂ (LESTES, Cod. ACR 8173A), BRAZIL, Mato Grosso, Chapada dos Guimarães, Rio Salgadeira (15°21’25” S, 55°49’51” W, 305 m), 1 xi 2015, D. S. Vilela leg. [DSV]. GoogleMaps

Paratypes. BRAZIL, Mato Grosso, Chapada dos Guimarães, Rio Paciencia: 9♂♂, 3♀♀ (LESTES, Cod. ACR 0 3315, ACR 0 3319, ACR 0 3242, ACR 0 3296, ACR 0 3298, ACR 0 3299, ACR 0 3300, ACR 2681A, ACR 2681B, ACR 2682, ACR 2686, ACR 3319) (15°20’37.68” S, 55°49’55.92” W, 280 m), 25 x 2015 various col.; Cerrado near an Eucalyptus plantation owned by the Sadia company: 3♂♂, (LESTES, Cod. ACR 3499, ACR 3495, ACR 3496) (15°17’ 2.76”S, 55°59’48.84” W, 298 m), 26 x 2015 various col; Balneário Paciência : 2♂♂, 1♀ (LESTES, Cod. ACR 3303A, ACR 3303B, ACR 3308) (15°20’45.60” S, 55°51’9” W, 280 m), 25 x 2015 various col.; Rio Salgadeira : 6♂♂, 1♀ (LESTES, Cod. ACR 8173B, ACR 8170, ACR 8190, ACR 8200, ACR 8193A, ACR 8193B, ACR 8177) (15°21’25” S, 55°49’51” W, 370 m), 0 1 xi 2015 various col.; Rio Claro : 2♂♂ (LESTES, Cod. ACR 8357, ACR 8360) (15°18'49" S, 55°51'30" W, 186 m), 0 5 xi 2015 various col.; Stream at the Park : 1♂ (RWG, Cod. ACR 03224) (15º19’9” S, 55º61’26”, 296 m), 21 x 2015 A. Cordero-Rivera leg. [ACR]; Balneário Som do Mato , Rio Claro : 1♂, 1♀ ( Tandem , RWG, Cod. ACR 0 3391, ACR 03392) (15°20'13.560" S, 55º53’46.320” W, 262 m), 30 x 2015 A. Cordero-Rivera leg. [ACR]. GoogleMaps

Allotype. ♀ (LESTES, Cod. ACR 3319), BRAZIL, Mato Grosso, Chapada dos Guimarães, Rio Paciência (15º20’37.680” S, 55º49’55.920” W, 280 m), 25 x 2015, D. S. Vilela leg. [DSV]. GoogleMaps

Etymology. Named angelae (noun in the genitive case) after biologist Angela Helena Torezan Silingardi (1940‒2016) who directed our Professors Kleber Del-Claro and Helena Maura Torezan-Silingardi during their biology career.

Description of holotype. Head. Epicranium largely black; labrum, ante- and postclypeus pale brown; antefrons violet, postocular spots violet, not confluent with eye margin, small elongate violet spots lateral to lateral ocelli; antennae black, occipital bar black; border of postocular lobes pale; rear of head black with narrow pale margin bordering eye margin.

Thorax. Prothorax largely black, anterior lobe violet, middle lobe with large violet spot medio-laterally, posterior lobe black, propleuron black dusted with pruinosity, with an ill-defined pale spot and with ventral margin pale. Mesothorax with dorsal half of mesepisternum black and lateral half with a violet stripe narrowing slightly toward antealar crest; black parallel-sided humeral stripe broad, enclosing a small violet spot dorsally below carina, confluent with obsolete interpleural suture, extending from base of mesinfraepisternum and connecting above by a narrow line below antealar crest with middorsal stripe. Remainder of thorax including venter pale violet, almost white, except for narrow black metapleural stripe; ventral margin of thorax dusted with white pruinosity; coxae and trochanters pale, anterior margins of tibiae pale, remainder of legs including armature black.

Wings. Hyaline, venation dark brown, pterostigma dark surmounting 1.5 cell in left Fw, 1 cell in remaining wings; postnodals 14/ 13 in Fw, 13/ 11 in Hw; postquadrangular cells 3/ 3 in Fw, 2/ 2 in Hw; RP2 branching at postnodal 6 in Fw, at postnodal 5 in Hw.

Abdomen. Mostly black dusted with with pruinosity laterally, S1 black dorsally pale laterally with basal and apical margin black, S2 black with a violet dorsal spot constricted at posterior fourth and ending at black annulus, S3 black with a violet dorsal spot covering more than 3/4 segment length, S4 similar to S3 but with violet dorsal stripe reaching 2/3 segment length, S5‒7 black except for pale basal ring, S8‒9 black with a large dorsal rectangular violet spot with a small constriction at the apex on S8, S10 black with a dorsal violet spot.

Genital ligula. Small microspinulate patch on ental surface of genital ligula ( Fig. 3e‒f View FIGURE 3 ), with small sets of 5‒7 spines throughout the single long curved flagellum ( Fig. 3e‒f View FIGURE 3 ), with no lateral lobes ( Fig. 4e‒f View FIGURE 4 ).

Caudal appendages. Torus transversely oval occupying entire ventral margin of torifer but not overlapping whitish blue bilobed epiproct; area surrounding epiproct black, appendages black, almost approximate at base; cercus robust dusted with white pruinosity at tip, quadrate in dorsal view ( Fig. 4b View FIGURE 4 ), slightly concave dorsally and armed medio-externally with a medio-ventrally directed tooth ( Fig. 4a, d View FIGURE 4 ), cercus in lateral view triangular and about 0.60 length of paraproct ( Fig. 4c View FIGURE 4 ); paraproct slightly bifid, dorsal branch rounded in mediodorsal and lateral view with tip slightly curved medio-dorsally ( Fig. 4a, c View FIGURE 4 ), short ventral branch broadly rounded ( Fig. 4a View FIGURE 4 ).

Measurements (in mm). Fw 17.7, Hw 17.4, abdomen 24.2, total length 30.3.

Variations in males. Slight color variation in paratypes likely due to ontogenetic development ( Figs. 5‒17 View FIGURES 5-17 ). Male postocular spots show color variation (e.g. Figs. 11‒14 View FIGURES 5-17 ) and shape and coloration also varies on terminal abdomen segments ( Figs. 15‒17 View FIGURES 5-17 ). Young males ( Figs. 5, 8 View FIGURES 5-17 ) have less body pruinosity compared to older males ( Figs. 6, 7, 9, 10 View FIGURES 5-17 ). In some males ( Figs. 12, 13 View FIGURES 5-17 ) the transverse postfrontal stripe is not continuous as in other males ( Figs. 11, 14 View FIGURES 5-17 ). Wing length varied as follows (n = 23): Fw 17‒18.5 (17.5±0.4), Hw 16.2‒17.4 (16.8±0.5), abdomen 19.7‒24.5 (22.9±1), total length 26.1‒30.8 mm (29.1±1.1); wing venation in males varies on the number of postnodal cells: 12/11, 13/ 12 in Hw, 14/ 11 in Fw; one male branching Hw RP2 at postnodal 4, one at 6; two males branching Fw RP2 at postnodal 7. Anal appendages and genital ligula of paratypes examined are similar to the holotype.

Allotype ( Fig. 18 View FIGURE 18 ): Head similar to male but pale colors ochre and more extensive blue post ocular spots.

Thorax. Prothorax as in male but more extensive pale colors ochre, mesostigmal lobes not developed, continuous with distal margin of the plate ( Fig. 19b View FIGURE 19 ), medially forming a raised glabrous elongate carina arching posteriorly toward middorsal carina but abruptly ending in a rounded tubercle ( Fig. 19a‒c View FIGURE 19 ); pterothorax similar to male but pale colors ochre, coxae and trochanters pale, pro- and mesofemora black anteriorly, pale with pruinosity posteriorly, metafemur pale on basal half, black on the distal half, tibiae black, pale externally, tarsi and armature black.

Wings. Hyaline with dark brown venation as in male holotype, pterostigma brown; postnodals 14/ 12 in Fw, 12/ 11 in Hw; postquadrangular cells 3/ 3 in Fw, 2/ 2 in Hw; RP2 branching at postnodal 7 in Fw, at postnodal 6 in Hw.

Abdomen. S1 ochre basal ring black, S2 ochre with a broad brown stripe laterally enlarged at apical fifth and connecting above, apical annulus black; S3 with pale basal annulus otherwise similar to S2 but black lateral stripe longer and broader above thus constricting parallel pale dorsal stripe above; S4‒7 similar to S3 but brown lateral stripe more extensive, almost confluent above with pale dorsal stripe becoming a thin line; S8 black with a pale blue trident like dorsal spot with acuminate tips, S9 similar to S8 except from tips of the spot rounded, S10 pale blue; cerci black, ovipositor pale laterally, ventral margin black.

Measurements (in mm). Fw 16.9, Hw 16.6, abdomen 20.6, total length 26.2.

Variations in females. Females (n = 6) showed little coloration and/or pattern differences (Figs. 20‒31). No variations on mesostigmal plates were noticed; size variations: Fw 17.2‒18.2 (17.8±0.5), Hw 16.6‒17.7 (17.1±0.5), abdomen 20.6‒21.9 (21.4±0.7), total length 26.2‒27.9 (27.3±1).

Differential diagnosis. This species is superficially similar to A. botacudo in coloration and dimensions ( Calvert 1909) and was initially thought to be this species when first collected. Rosser Garrison provided us with detailed illustrations of syntypic material of A. botacudo ( Figs. 19d‒f View FIGURE 19 ♀ and 32a‒d ♂) which we reproduce here allowing us to diagnose these two species as follows: The male paraprocts of both species are similar ( Figs. 4a, d A View FIGURE 4 . angelae; 32a, c, d A. botacudo ) but A. angelae differs from A. botacudo by the larger more medially directed apical tooth ( Figs. 4a, b View FIGURE 4 ) and absence of the extern-basal tooth in A. botacudo ( Figs. 32a, d View FIGURE 32 ). Additionally, in dorsal view, the cerci of A. botacudo are narrower, rounded apically and the distal teeth are not noticeable ( Fig. 32b View FIGURE 32 ); in A. angelae the cerci are broader, roundly quadrate with the distal teeth visible ( Fig. 4b View FIGURE 4 ). The genital ligula is similar to the Ecuadorian A. schneideri Garrison & von Ellenrieder, 2017 , the widespread A. fumigata (Hagen in Selys, 1865) and A. guyanica (Garrison & von Ellenrieder, 2015) by having a single long flagellum ( Fig. 4f View FIGURE 4 ), and is similar to A. guyanica in having a small spinate patch on the ental face ( Fig. 3e‒f View FIGURE 3 ), differing from those species on the anal appendage morphology. The single long flagellum of the genital ligula of A. angelae differs from sympatric species A. indicatrix Calvert, 1902 and A. oculata Hagen in Selys, 1865 , for these two species have a bifurcated ligula (Garrison & von Ellenrieder 2015). In addition, the male caudal appendages differ considerably from A. angelae .

FIGURES 20-31. Argia angelae . Thorax (Figs. 20-22), S1-10 (Figs. 23-25), S7-10 (Figs. 26-28) and head (Figs. 29-31). SPecimens: ACR 3303 (Figs. 20, 25, 27, 31), ACR 0 3315 (Figs. 21, 23, 28, 30), ACR 0 3298 (Figs. 22, 24, 26, 29).

The abortive mesostigmal lobes and raised glabrous elongate carina arching posteriorly toward middorsal carina but abruptly ending in a rounded tubercle, are unique for female A. angelae . Mesostigmal plate of A. botacudo ( Fig. 19d‒f View FIGURE 19 ) is well developed and forms and arcuate lobe abruptly ending at medial margin of plate; mesostigmal plates of A. indicatrix and Argia oculata (Garrison & von Ellenrieder 2015) similarly differ and females of all of these species lack the glabrous swelling characteristic of A. angelae .

Habitats and Ecology. This species was found inhabiting palm swamps (i.e. veredas, Vilela et al. 2016) and streams in both open and little shaded areas ( Fig. 33a‒d View FIGURE 33 ). Collections were made at an elevation range from 236 m (Balneário Som do Mato, Rio Claro) to 305 m (Rio Salgadeira). We observed some mating couples ( Fig. 34 View FIGURE 34 ), but no oviposition events.