Cadophora ramosa S.Bien & Damm, 2020

Bien, Steffen & Damm, Ulrike, 2020, Arboricolonus simplex gen. et sp. nov. and novelties in Cadophora, Minutiella and Proliferodiscus from Prunus wood in Germany, MycoKeys 63, pp. 119-161 : 119

Cadophora ramosa S.Bien & Damm sp. nov. Figures 5I , 13

Cadophora spadicis Travadon, D.P.Lawr., Roon.-Lath., Gubler, W.F.Wilcox, Rolsh. & K.Baumgartner, Fungal Biology 119(1): 62 (2015). nom. inval., Art. 40.6 (Shenzhen)(Synonym).

Type.

Germany, Saxony, orchard north of Kunnerwitz, 51°07'27.5"N, 14°56'36.3"E, from dark brown necrosis in wood of Prunus cerasus , 15 Jan 2015, S. Bien leg., GLM-F106227 - holotype; GLMC 377 = CBS 145523 = DSM 109144 - culture ex-type.

Etymology.

Named after the often densely branched conidiophores (ramosus Lat. = branching).

Description.

Sexual morph not observed. Asexual morph on SNA. Vegetative mycelium hyaline, smooth-walled, septate, branched, 1-5 µm wide, chlamydospores absent. Sporulation abundant, conidia formed on hyphal cells. Conidiophores hyaline, smooth-walled, septate, often densely branched, up to 50 µm long. Conidiogenous cells enteroblastic, hyaline, smooth-walled, flask-shaped, 4.5-11.5 × 2.5-3.5 µm µm, collarettes narrowly funnel-shaped, 1.5-2 µm long, 1-1.5 µm wide at the upper edge, opening 0.5-1 µm, periclinal thickening sometimes observed. Conidia aggregated in heads, hyaline, smooth-walled, aseptate, subglobose, ovoidal, ellipsoidal to elongate-ellipsoidal, straight, with both ends rounded, different spore-shapes formed from the same conidiogenous cells, sporulation often inside the medium, (3.5-)4-6(-9) × 2-2.5(-3) µm, mean ± SD = 4.9 ± 1.2 × 2.2 ± 0.3 µm, L/W ratio = 2.2, rarely up to 15 × 2.5 µm.

Culture characteristics.

Colonies on SNA flat with an entire margin, hyaline, filter paper partly pale olivaceous to olivaceous, lacking aerial mycelium, reverse same colours, 32-40 mm diam. in 2 wk (25 °C in the dark). Colonies on OA flat with an entire margin, pale cinnamon, with an umber inner and pale luteous outer margin, partly covered by woolly white to grey aerial mycelium, reverse pale cinnamon, with a citrine inner and pale luteous outer margin, 24-28 mm diam. in 2 wk (25 °C in the dark).

Notes.

Cadophora ramosa was previously described from grapevine in North America as C. spadicis ( Travadon et al. 2015). Although Travadon et al. (2015) indicated C. spadicis as a new species, they listed a basionym and added the authorities of that basionym in brackets with the new name, as if they would combine an already existing species in a new genus, which was not the case. As Travadon et al. (2015) described C. spadicis as a new species, they should have listed a holotype (Art. 40.6, Art. 9.1, Turland et al. 2018); however, they listed a neotype, although original material was available (Art. 9.8). Therefore, the name C. spadicis is invalid. Moreover, the “neotype” listed is a living strain and not a (metabolically inactive) specimen. The species listed as “basionym” of C. spadicis by Travadon et al. (2015), C. melinii , was based on a wrong identification of strain CBS 111743 by Prodi et al. (2008), the strain that was listed as “neotype” of C. spadicis . However, the ex-type strain of C. melinii , CBS 268.33, was included in the study of Travadon et al. (2015) and belonged to a different clade in the phylogeny of that publication. Moreover, the authors listed as authorities of the “basionym” are the authors of the publication in which strain CBS 111743 was wrongly identified ( Prodi et al. 2008) and not the authorities of C. melinii . Finally, although probably not intended as the whole name, prior to the authorities and "sp. nov.", Travadon et al. (2015) listed " Cadophora spadicis CBS 111743", which could be interpreted as not being a binary combination consisting of the name of the genus followed by a single specific epithet (Art. 23.1).

As the name C. spadicis is invalid, we described the species newly as C. ramosa on the basis of a specimen from Prunus cerasus in Saxony, Germany, collected in this study. The morphology of the ex-type strain of C. ramosa shows a high morphological concordance with the strains described as C. spadicis by Travadon et al. (2015). Conidiophores, conidiogenous cells, conidia and collarettes have similar shapes and sizes. The ITS, TUB and EF-1α sequences of C. ramosa differ at most in two, four and two nucleotides, respectively, which is a lower genetic variation than in C. luteo-olivacea and C. novi-eboraci .

Figures

Figure 5. Colony surface of analysed strains on OA medium. A Arboricolonus simplex GLMC 459 T B Cadophora africana CBS 120890 T C C. bubakii CBS 198.30 T D C. luteo-olivacea GLMC 1264 E C. novi-eboraci GLMC 1472 F C. obscura CBS 269.33 G C. prunicola CBS 120891 T H C. prunicola GLMC 1633 I C. ramosa GLMC 377 T J Minutiella pruni-avium GLMC 1624 T K Proliferodiscus ingens GLMC 1751 T L Proliferodiscus sp. GLMC 460. Cultures A, J-L after 4 wk. Cultures B-I after 2 wk. Strains with a superscript T are ex-type cultures.

Figure 13. Cadophora ramosa sp. nov. A-D conidiophores and conidiogenous cells E conidia A-E from SNA A-E LM. Scale bar: 5 μm (A applies to B-E).