Austrophilopterus cancellosus ( Carriker 1903 )

Price, Roger D. & Weckstein, Jason D., 2005, The genus Austrophilopterus Ewing (Phthiraptera: Philopteridae) from toucans, toucanets, and araçaris (Piciformes: Ramphastidae), Zootaxa 918, pp. 1-18 : 3-7

1. Austrophilopterus cancellosus ( Carriker 1903) ( Figs. 1–5 )

Docophorus cancellosus Carriker 1903: 132 . Type host: " Ramphastos toucard " = R. swainsonii

Gould.

Material. COLOMBIA: 2 males, 3 females, Bellavista, Santander N. (MAC­4643; 1943); 1 male, 1 female, San Alberto (33472; 1961). COSTA RICA: 1 female, Guapilas (MAC­ 515; 1903). PANAMA: 1 male, 1 female, Prov. de Panama, 49 km NNE Panama City, confluence of Rio Chargres and Rio Chagrecito, 0 9 21.44'N, 79 19.18'W (VGR­187; 2002); 1 male, 2 females, Colon, Achiote Road at Rio Providencia (DLD­5968; 1997); 1 male, La Laguna (200157; 1963); 1 female, Barro Colo (JVT­379; 1927); 1 male, Cerro Bruja (JHP; 1912).

Remarks. The description of this species was based on 2 males and 2 females, with meaningful details lacking, other than statements regarding dimensions, coloration, thickenings, and general shape. Furthermore, there was no comparison of it to other louse taxa. The single illustration for a dorsal female is consistent, as far as it shows, with our material.

Austrophilopterus cancellosus subsimilis Carriker 1950: 166 . Type host: Ramphastos sulfuratus

sulfuratus Lesson. New Synonymy.

Material. MEXICO: Holotype male, allotype female, 2 males, 3 females, Chiapas, Rio de las Playas (2 collections; WRW; 1943); 6 males, 5 females, Campeche, 24 km S Silvituc, 18 14’N, 90 12’W (DHC, PI­3 and 4; 1998); 2 males, 4 females, Veracruz, Tres Zapotas (MAC­517; 1940).

Remarks. Described by Carriker from only a male/female pair and said to be “Very close to cancellosus ”, with only trivial insignificant morphological and dimensional differences given.

Austrophilopterus cancellosus similis Carriker 1950: 167 . Type host: Ramphastos ambiguus ambig­

uus Swainson. New Synonymy.

Material. PERU: Holotype male, Chaupe (MAC­7094; 1933); allotype female, 2 female paratypes, Rio Jelashte (MAC­5930; 1932); 1 male, Loreto, nr. Funda Sinchora Cordillera Azul (JDW: JJH­496; 1967); 1 female, Huanuco, Divisoria in Cordillera Azul (JDW: JWE­129; 1967). COLOMBIA: 1 male, Cauca, Moscopan (MAC; 1958).

Remarks. This subspecies was described from a type series of 3 females and the holotype male stated to be so poor that no detailed genitalic study was possible. Carriker emphasized the unique shape of the female subgenital plate, but this was a misinterpretation of its shape, which is little different from those of other females.

Austrophilopterus cancellosus cuvieri Carriker 1950: 168 . Type host: " Ramphastos c. cuvieri

Wagler" = R. tucanus cuvieri Wagler. New Synonymy.

Material. PERU: Holotype male, allotype female, 5 male, 3 female paratypes, Huacamayo (MAC­4152; 1931); 1 male, 3 females, Loreto, ca. 54 km NNW mouth Rio Morona on W bank, 0 4 16'51"S, 77 14'16"W (KE­184; 2001); 1 male, 2 females, Loreto, 7 km SW Jeberos, 0 5 18'48"S, 76 16'32"W (KE­112 and JLK­278; 2001); 1 male, 2 females, Loreto, 86 km SE Juanjui on E bank upper Rio Pauya, 0 7 35'10"S, 75 56'01"W (TV­233 and DFL­1252; 2000); 11 males, 7 females, Yessup (MAC­1056; 1930). BRAZIL: 2 males, 3 females, Mato Grosso, S bank Rio Cristalino, 0.80 km upriver from confluence with Rio Teles Pires, 33 km NE Alta Floresta, 0 9 37'51"S, 55 55'26"W (JDW­231 and JDW­244; 1999); 1 male, 2 females, Pará, ca. 139 km SSW Santarém, W of Rio Tapajós, Alto Arapiuns (JDW­458; 2000); 1 female, Est. Amazonas (EAH; 1930); 1 female, Amazonas, Fazenda Toshiba, ca. 8 km NE Careiro, 0 3 47'S, 60 17'W (JDW­483; 2000);

Remarks. Stated by Carriker as very close to A. cancellosus , with most dimensions within the limits of individual variation. The shape of the dorsoanterior head plate and the illustration of the female terminalia do not contribute to its identification. Even though Carriker had available “numerous specimens of both sexes”, his observations in typical fashion were apparently limited to the type pair.

Austrophilopterus cancellosus incae Carriker 1950: 169 . Type host: " Ramphastos cuvieri inca

(Gould)" = R. tucanus inca Gould. New Synonymy.

Material. BOLIVIA: Holotype male, allotype female, 4 male, 5 female paratypes, Chiñiri (MAC­9752; 1934); 3 males, 1 female, Huanay (MAC­9494; 1934); 1 male, Sta. Ana, Rio Corosca (MAC­9388; 1934).

Remarks. With a type series of 3 specimens of each sex, Carriker mentioned that this “...was much smaller in almost all measurements than...the other races.” However, this does not hold true when considering material beyond the type pair.

Austrophilopterus cancellosus minor Carriker 1950: 170 . Type host: " Ramphocelus vitellinus Lich­

tenstein" = Ramphastos vitellinus vitellinus M. H. K. Lichtenstein. New Synonymy.

Material. TRINIDAD: Holotype male, allotype female, 2 male, 2 female paratypes, Heights of Aripo (MAC­5281; 1909). BRAZIL: 3 males, 3 females, Amapá (PSH­ 100318; 1964); 1 female, Amapá, Rio Cuiciras (JDW: MPEG­48179; 1990); 2 males, 4 females, Roraima, Mucajai, Colônia do Apiau, 20 34'N, 61 18'W (JDW: MPEG­45747 and 45748; 1990); 1 female, Pará, N of Amazon River, lower Rio Curuá, ca. 30 km N of Curuá, Pacoval Village (JDW­469; 2000).

Remarks. Carriker claimed this subspecies to be “...the smallest of the known races of cancellosus ”, but comparison with other specimens does not support this. Also, he noted that all 3 of his females were so distorted in mounting as to make it impossible to illustrate the abdomen.

Austrophilopterus seminirmus Eichler 1954: 30 . Type host: Ramphastos vitellinus ariel Vigors.

New Synonymy.

Material. BRAZIL: 1 male, 2 females, Pará, Fazenda Morelândia, 8 km N. of Santa Barbara do Pará, 0 1 12'40"S, 48 14'47"W (AA­620; 2000); 1 male, 2 females, São Paulo, ca. 40 km SW Sete Barras, 24 14.28'S, 48 04.94'W (JDW­435; 2000); 1 female, Maranhão, Municipio Turiaçu, Bom Jesus da Mata (JDW: MPEG­34942; 1983).

Remarks. Eichler's description, based on 16 lice from the type host, contained no illustrations or dimensions, and consisted only of brief verbiage in tabular form comparing this taxon to A. c. incae . The sum total of the value of this is meaningless and reliance must be placed on our material from the type host being representative of this taxon.

Austrophilopterus cancellosus caurensis Carriker in Carriker and Diaz­Ungria 1961: 43. Type host:

Ramphastos tucanus tucanus L. New Synonymy.

Material. BRAZIL: 2 males, 2 females, no locality (DB­6; 1965); 2 males, 3 females, Pará, Fazenda Morelandia, 8 km N. of Santa Barbara do Pará, 0 1 12'40"S, 48 14'47"W (JDW­ 284; 1999). GUYANA: 1 female, Kartago Pt. (JH; 1984).

Remarks. With a type series of 2 males and 3 females, Carriker limited his comparison only to A. c. incae , giving no useful features for separation.

Other material examined:

Ex Ramphastos brevis Meyer de Schauensee. ECUADOR: 1 male, 1 female, Pichincha, 2.5 km SW Mindo, 0 04'N, 78 47'W (KN­794; 1999).

Ex R. dicolorus L. BRAZIL: 11 males, 11 females, Nova Teutonia (Plaumann; 1938).

Ex R. sulfuratus brevicarinatus Gould. COLOMBIA: 2 males, 4 females, Magdalena, Coracolicito (MAC­11025; 1941); 1 male, Magdalena, Camp Costa Rica (MAC­9653; 1947); 1 female, Plato, Camp Costa Rica (MAC­9534; 1947). COSTA RICA: 1 female, Rio Siesola (MAC­979; 1904). PANAMA: 1 female, Barro Colo (JVT­104; 1926); 1 male, 1 female, Barro Colo (JVT­488; 1927).

Ex R. toco Statius Müller. BOLIVIA: 1 female, Dpto. Santa Cruz, Santa Rosa, 8 km WSW San Matias, 16 22'S, 58 28'W (CCW­981; 1999).

Ex R. vitellinus ariel > culminatus. BRAZIL: 1 male, 2 females, Pará, ca. 139 km SSW Santarém, W of Rio Tapajós, Rio Maró, 0 2 44.41'S, 55 41.45'W (JDW­450; 2000); 1 male, 1 female, Pará, Municipio Santana do Araguaia, Fazenda Barra das Princesas (JDW: MPEG­ 48582; 1992).

Ex R. vitellinus citreolaemus Gould. COLOMBIA: 2 females, La Raya, Bol. (MAC­12248; 1948); 1 female, Santander N., Petrolea (MAC­4866; 1943).

Ex R. vitellinus culminatus Gould. BOLIVIA: 1 male, 1 female, Calabatea (MAC­10391; 1934); 1 male, 1 female, Chatarona (MAC­10297; 1934). BRAZIL: 1 male, 2 females, Amazonas, S bank Rio Solimões, 13.5 km E. São Paulo de Olivença, 0 3 27'S, 68 49'W (AA­713 and 714; 2000). PERU: 1 male, 3 females, Loreto, 7 km SW Jeberos, 0 5 18'48"S, 76 16'32"W (DFL­1592; 2001); 2 females, Loreto, ca. 54 km NNW mouth Rio Morona on W bank, 0 4 16'51"S, 77 14'16"W (JLK­306; 2001). VENEZUELA: 1 female, T. F. Amaz., Cerro de la Neblina basecamp, 0 50'N, 65 10'W (JPO et al.; 1985).

Ex R. vitellinus culminatus >ariel. BRAZIL: 2 males, 3 females, Mato Grosso, W bank Rio Teles Pires, 33 km NE Alta Floresta, 0 9 39'36"S, 55 54'58"W (JDW­257; 1998).

Male. As in Fig. 1 , dorsal head as in Fig. 2 . Tergal setae: II, 2; III, 4–6 (40: 4.2); IV, 4–6 (41: 4.3); V, 4–8 (43: 5.9); VI, 6–11 (44: 7.8); VII, 7–10 (43: 9.2); VIII, 5–9 (43: 7.3). Tergum VII undivided (49 of 67 specimens) or with median vertical junction line (17 of 67 specimens), with only 1 specimen showing distinct space between plates. Sternal setae: II, 4–8 (36: 5.4); III, 4–7 (37: 5.3); IV, 4–8 (38: 5.8); V, 4–8 (42: 6.1); VI, 4–9 (43: 6.1); VII, 3–6 (47: 4.1), VIII, 2–3 (43: 2.0). Genitalia ( Figs. 3–4 ) with GL, 0.46–0.60 (59: 0.537), GPL, 0.090–0.130 (68: 0.1054). Dimensions: TW, 0.56–0.71 (63: 0.624); HL, 0.63–0.74 (64: 0.682); PW, 0.35–0.45 (63: 0.403); MW, 0.48–0.62 (63: 0.546); AWV, 0.62–1.00 (59: 0.818); TL, 1.82–2.31 (60: 2.051).

Female. Abdomen as in Fig. 5 . Tergal setae: II, 2; III–IV, 4; V, 4–5 (55: 4.0); VI, 4–6 (54: 4.2); VII, 4–6 (55: 4.5); VIII, 3–5 (54: 4.0). Sternal setae: II, 3–7 (44: 5.3); III, 4–8 (44: 4.7); IV, 4–6 (50: 4.9); V, 4–7 (52: 5.2); VI, 4–8 (57: 5.5); VII, 4–9 (54: 6.4). Dimensions: TW, 0.58–0.75 (83: 0.665); HL, 0.65–0.77 (85: 0.717); PW, 0.37–0.47 (83: 0.427); MW, 0.52–0.68 (82: 0.591); AWV, 0.74–1.10 (69: 0.920); TL, 2.14–2.75 (79: 2.456).

Diagnosis. This species is separated from A. flavirostris Carriker by the male of the former lacking a median separation between the tergal plates on VII and having a penis length 0.090–0.130 (mean = 0.1054). The females are virtually inseparable, with a suggestion of difference in that the mean number of sternal setae for all segments of A. cancellosus is smaller than for A. flavirostris . While these separations are certainly not profound, the recognition of these 2 as separate species is further supported by A. cancellosus being limited to hosts in the genus Ramphastos and A. flavirostris limited to hosts in the genus Pteroglossus .

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 8. 1 – 5, Austrophilopterus cancellosus. 1, Entire dorsoventral male. 2, Male dorsal head. 3, Male genitalia. 4, Terminal portion of male genitalia. 5, Female metanotum and dorsoventral abdomen. 6 – 7, A. flavirostris. 6, Male dorsoventral posterior abdomen. 7, Terminal portion of male genitalia. 8, A. megathorax female dorsal head.