Psapharochrus jaspideus ( Germar, 1824 )

Casari, Sônia A., 2016, Morphology of Immatures of Acanthoderini (Cerambycidae, Lamiinae), Zootaxa 4139 (1) : -

Psapharochrus jaspideus ( Germar, 1824)

( Figs. 24‒35 , 70‒73 )

Description of larva. Length: 27‒30 mm. Elongate, cylindrical and slightly flattened ( Figs. 70‒72 ). Coloration yellowish-white; exposed area of head yellowish with dorsal and ventral anterior dark-reddish-brown band, forming mouth frame; black mandibles; labrum partially light brown; membranous maxillae and labium, with light brown areas. Prothorax dorsally with narrow yellow band near anterior margin and ventrally with one yellow patch each side. Ampullae tuberculate and not spiculate with moniliform tubercles. Pubescence yellowish-white, fine and sparse, apparently glabrous.

Head ( Figs. 24, 25 , 70‒72 ) extensible, deeply retracted into prothorax; exposed area about 3.7X head length; elongate, oblong, almost glabrous; prognathous and strongly flattened, slightly narrowed near middle; posterior margin rounded. Head capsule with slightly sinuous margins; median suture and endocarina almost as long as head capsule length; frontal sutures distinct in a short area behind antennal foramina. Epistomal margin almost straight, strongly sclerotized, with three setae on each side (par lateral very close) near anterior margin. Each epicranial half with four setae on mouth frame, one below it and six lateral below each stemma; one ventral seta near lateral margin. One translucent stemma each side. Occipital foramen entire with anterior margin wider and slightly rounded. Gular suture long with two long setae each side. Antennae ( Figs. 26, 27 ) minute, retractable, with two transverse antennomeres; antennomere distal bearing at apex one well developed membranous conical sensorial appendix, two long and five wide setae of varied lengths. Antennal foramen opened posteriorly. Clypeus trapezoidal, 3X wider than long, membranous and glabrous. Labrum ( Fig. 28 ) transverse, oval, 1.8X wider than long, light brown at basal half, with numerous long setae near anterior margin. Epipharynx ( Fig. 29 ) wide, rounded with inwardly directed long and wide setae; one sclerite each side on basal third. Mandibles ( Figs. 32‒34 ) symmetrical, wide at mesal region; cutting edge wide and oblique; mesal area with two inclined concavities; outer face with transverse impression and one well visible pore in a longitudinal weak furrow apicad; two lateroexternal setae near base. Maxillae ( Figs. 30, 31 ): ventrally partially membranous; stipes with brown, inclined, transverse band near apex and long setae near inclined band; cardines and maxillary articulating areas fused to postmentum; mala elongate, shorter than palpus, with rounded apex, light brown at base and clearer apicad; numerous long and wide setae dorsal and ventral. Palpifer partially light brown, ventrally with numerous and dorsally with two long setae near anterior margin. Maxillary palpi with three palpomeres: basal, as long as wide, with three ventral setae near anterior margin and three dorsal near lateral margin; median, slightly wider than long, with three ventral and one dorsal long setae near anterior margin; distal, elongate with one dorsal wide seta near base and one short laterointernal seta near apex; peg-like sensilla at apex, one larger. Labium ventral ( Fig. 30 ): postmentum membranous with two pairs of long setae; prementum wider than long, narrowed at basal half; brown band on basal 2/3 with one short laterobasal seta each side; palpiger membranous with numerous setae of varied sizes; ligula membranous, wide with distal margin rounded and numerous long setae. Labial palpi with two elongate palpomeres: basal, with band of long ventral setae near anterior margin and one campaniform sensillum; distal with two ventral campaniform sensilla near lateral margin and peg-like sensilla at apex. Hypopharynx ( Fig. 31 ) with anterior margin rounded; membranous with numerous long and wide inwardly directed setae.

Prothorax wider than long, narrowed anteriorly; strongly convex dorsally and flattened ventrally; lateral pronotal furrows and alar lobes present; postnotal fold indistinct; pronotum with vestigial tubercles on basal 2/3; presternum and eusternum distinct; eusternum tuberculate; sternellum well defined without legs. Meso- and metathorax short, band-like; mesothorax slightly shorter and wider than metathorax; mesothorax almost as wide as prothorax. Mesothorax ventral and metathorax dorsal and ventral with one transverse furrow with one row of moniliform tubercles on each side. A very large elliptical ventroanterior spiracle ( Figs. 35 , 71 ), between pro- and mesothorax; spiracle protruded and located lower than other spiracles.

Abdominal segments I‒VI increasing in length and decreasing in width; segments VII‒VIII wider than previous; segment IX narrowed apicad, with rounded apex; segment X reduced with trilobed apex. Segments I‒VII dorsally with one median very prominent transverse ampulla with two transverse furrows and three rows of moniliform tubercles; larger tubercles between furrows; ampullae ventral with one transverse furrow with one pit each extremity and one row of tubercles each side. Segments I‒VIII with one lateroanterior elliptical spiracle, smaller than thoracic, decreasing in size to apex of body direction; with one epipleural tubercle below each spiracle. Setae of abdomen longer laterally.

Material examined. BRAZIL. São Paulo: Peruíbe (Estr[ada] Grajaú), 17.XII.80, 1 larva reared to adult (last larval and pupal exuviae) ( MZSP 8741); São Paulo, (Ipiranga), 18.XI.1992, C. Campaner & J. Conceição cols., 2 larvae fixed ( MZSP 10245); (Vila Bertioga) 22.X.1998, C. Campaner col., 1 larva reared to adult (last larval and pupal exuviae) ( MZSP 8755).

Remarks. The larvae of P. jaspideus present body apparently glabrous; distal antennomere with 7 setae (2 longer); mandible without small subapical dorsal tooth and with well visible pore at distal third of outer face; and postmentum with 2 pairs of setae.

Figures

FIGURES 24 ‒ 35. Psapharochrus jaspideus (Germar, 1824). Larva: 24, 25, head (dorsal, ventral); 26, 27, antenna (ventral, dorsal); 28, frons, clypeus and nasal; 29, epipharynx; 30, 31, apices of maxilla and labium (ventral and dorsal); 32 ‒ 34, mandible (ventral, external, dorsal); 35, spiracle (thoracic). Bars = 1 mm, except figs. 26, 27 = 0.1 mm; figs. 28 ‒ 30, 35 = 0.5 mm.

FIGURES 70 ‒ 80. Habitus. Psapharochrus jaspideus (Germar, 1824): 70 ‒ 72, larva (dorsal, lateral, ventral); 73, adult (dorsal). Steirastoma stellio Pascoe, 1866: 74, adult (dorsal). Psapharochrus vetustus (Bates, 1880): 75 ‒ 77, larva (dorsal, lateral, ventral); 78, adult (dorsal); 79 ‒ 80, pupa (dorsal, ventral).