Crossopalpus pennescens ( Melander, 1918 )

Freitas-Silva, Rafael A. P. & Ale-Rocha, Rosaly, 2019, New South American species of Crossopalpus Bigot (Diptera: Hybotidae: Tachydromiinae), including biogeographical insights and a reinterpretation of female abdominal tergite 10 in Drapetidini, Zootaxa 4559 (1), pp. 111-135 : 123-125

Crossopalpus pennescens ( Melander, 1918)

( Figs 16–19 , 36 )

Drapetis (Eudrapetis) pennescens Melander, 1918: 202 ; 1928: 311 (list).

Drapetis (Crossopalpus) pennescens: Smith, 1967: 3 (cat.).

Crossopalpus pennescens: Yang et al., 2007: 362 (cat.); Raffone, 2012: 98 (record for Bolivia).

Diagnosis. Black species with femora dark brown, except fore femur with base and apex dark yellow, and mid femur with apex brownish-yellow, tibiae brownish-yellow except base of tibia dark-yellow. Antenna dark brown. Head covered with pale yellow tomentum, shiny only on ocellar triangle, patch of tomentum on vertex absent. Acrostichal and dorsocentral bristles numerous, indistinguishable, all series complete. Wing with R 4+5 and M 1 strongly arched, both parallel throughout.

Type material examined: HOLOTYPE ♀ [by photograph] (NMNH). Matucana / Peru / Jul.1. [19]13 [white, manuscript]; Type / Eudrapetis / pennescens / Mel [ander] [red, typeset/manuscript]; AL Melander / Collection / 1961 [white/green, typeset] ( Fig. 19 ).

Distribution. Bolivia (Cochabamba), Peru (Matucana) ( Fig. 36 ).

Remarks. Melander (1918) originally distinguished C. pennescens from C. armipes by the color of the legs

being blacker, hind femur bearing a single subapical anteroventral seta, ventral hair-like bristles on hind tibia, hind tarsomere 1 blackish lacking golden pruinescence, and wings hyaline. However, the species are actually very similar, because the color of the legs is quite similar to C. armipes (cf. Figs 10 , 16, 17 ), and the color of hind tarsomere 1 is similar in several South American species (e.g., Figs 25, 27 ). The ventral hair-like bristles are absent only in C. aliceae sp. nov., and present in C. armipes as pointed out by Rafael (1995). Additionally, the scutum of C. armipes and C. pennescens bears numerous rows of bristles, a character shared only with C. goliathus sp. nov. in South America. Crossopalpus armipes can be distinguished from the other two species mainly by the presence of tomentum on upper 1/2 of the postocular area, R 4+5 and M 1 very sinuous and parallel, similar to the Palearctic species C. curvinervis (Zetterstedt) and C. abditus Kovalev.

Figures

FIGURE 36. Crossopalpus Bigot. Geographical records of the South American species. Biogeographical regionalization follows Morrone (2014), implemented with the shapefiles of Löwenberg-Neto (2014).

FIGURES 16–19. Crossopalpus pennescens (Melander, 1918) (Holotype ♀, NMNH). 16. Lateral habitus; 17. Frontal habitus; 18. Dorsal habitus; 19. Labels. Scale bars = 0.5mm. Figures kindly provided by Alyssa Seemann, National Museum of Natural History (NMNH), Smithsonian Institution.

FIGURES 10–11. Crossopalpus armipes (Bezzi, 1909) (Holotype ♀, SMTD). 10. Lateral habitus; 11. Labels. Scale bar = 0.5 mm. Figures kindly provided by Uwe Kallweit, from Senckenberg Museum für Tierkunde Dresden (SMTD).

FIGURES 23–30. Crossopalpus Bigot. Male habitus. 23–24. Crossopalpus albivertex sp. nov. (Holotype ♂, CZMA); 23. Lateral view; 24. Dorsal view; 25–26. Crossopalpus aliceae sp. nov. (Holotype ♂, INPA). 25. Lateral view; 26. Dorsal view; 27–28. Crossopalpus goliathus sp. nov. (Holotype ♂, CZMA); 27. Lateral view; 28. Dorsal view; 29–30. Crossopalpus xanthogaster sp. nov. (Holotype ♂, INPA); 29. Lateral view; 30. Dorsal view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.