CYPRAEIDAE RAFINESQUE, 1815

Groves, Lindsey & Squires, Richard L., 2023, Revision of northeast Pacific Paleogene cypraeoidean gastropods, including recognition of three new species: implications for paleobiogeographic distribution and faunal turnover, PaleoBios 40 (10), pp. 1-52 : 5-8

CYPRAEIDAE RAFINESQUE, 1815

Remarks— These are the true cowries. Fossil cy- praeids are a notoriously difficult group to work on, especially as a vast majority of specimens have lost their

TAXON LOCATION

CYPRAEIDAE

Nucleolaria cowlitziana Groves, 1994 WA

Propustularia kemperae ( Nelson, 1925) So CA

Subepona goedertorum ( Groves and Squires, 1995) WA, So CA

Subepona leahae Squires and Groves , n. sp. So CA

Bernaya grovesi Squires and Demetrion, 1992 WA ?, BC Méx

Bernaya kaylinae Squires and Groves , n. sp. So CA

Bernaya squiresi Groves, 2011 WA

Bernaya sp. No CA

Protocypraea? simiensis ( Nelson, 1925) n. comb. So CA

Protocypraea ? sp. 1 Van Is

Protocypraea ? sp. 2 No CA

Gisortia clarki Ingram, 1940 CA, BCS Méx ?

Gisortia sp. So CA

Cypraeidae , gen. and sp. indeterminate Mid CA

EOCYPRAEIDAE

Eocypraea batequensis Groves, 2011 BCS Méx

Eocypraea crescentensis Groves, 2011 WA

Eocypraea jimgoerderti Groves, 2011 WA

Eocypraea judithsmithae Squires and Groves , n. sp. So to mid CA

Eocypraea novasumma ( Nelson, 1925) So CA, BC Méx

Eocypraea takeosusukii Groves, 2011 No CA

Eocypraea sp. cf. E. inflata ( Lamarck, 1802) So CA

Eocypraea sp. Mid CA

Grovesia castacensis ( Stewart, 1926 [1927]) n. comb. WA, So CA

Grovesia mathewsonii ( Gabb, 1869) WA, OR, So CA

Luponovula maniobraensis (Squires & Advocate, So CA 1986) n. comb.

PEDICULARIINAE

Cypraedia sp. BCS Méx

Cypraeogemmula warnerae Effinger, 1938 WA

ERATOIDAE

Eratotrivia crescentensis ( Weaver and Palmer, 1922) WA

NOMINA DUBIA

" Bernaya" fresnoensis ( Anderson, 1905) mid CA

" Eocypraea" bayerquei ( Gabb, 1864) No CA

" Sphaerocypraea" martini ( Dickerson, 1914) No CA

" Sulcocypraea" oakvillensis ( Van Winkle, 1918) WA

NEP "STAGE" STANDARD STAGE

upper "Tejon" upper Bartonian

"Martinez" Selandian

"Capay" to "Domengine" mid to up Ypresian

"Domengine" up. Ypres.-low. Lut.

"Capay" middle Ypresian

"Domengine" up. Ypres.-low. Lut.

"Capay" middle Ypresian

"Martinez" Thanetian

"Martinez" Thanetian

"Martinez"? Thanetian?

"Martinez" Thanetian

"Capay" middle Ypresian

"Capay" middle Ypresian

"Martinez" Thanetian

"Capay" middle Ypresian

"Capay" middle Ypresian

"Trans." to "Tejon" middle Lutetian

"Domengine." up. Ypres.-low. Lut.

"Martinez" Selandian

"Martinez" Thanetian

"Domengine" upper Ypresian

"Martinez" Thanetian

mid "Tejon" to Galvinian Barton.-Priabonian

"Domeng." to Galvinian up. Ypres.-Priabonian

"Capay" middle Ypresian

"Capay" middle Ypresian

"Capay" to Galvinian up. Ypres.-Priabon.

"Capay" middle Ypresian

"Domengine" up. Ypres.-low. Lut.

Martinez? Paleocene

"Martinez" Thanetian

lower Galvinian lower Priabonian

Table 1. Paleogene cypraeoideans from NEP, with author(s), families, subfamilies, geographic distribution, and stage range. Taxa arranged following Lorenz (2017) and Fehse (2021) and listed alphabetically under each genus. Van Is=Vancouver Island, British Columbia, WA=Washington, OR=Oregon, CA=California, BCS Méx= Baja California Sur, México. No=North, So=South, mid=middle, n. comb.=new combination, n. sp.=new species, sp.=species.

Figure 4 (previous page). A–C. Nucleolaria cowlitzensis Groves, 1994 , Cowlitz Formation (middle Eocene, upper “Tejon Stage”), Vader area, south-central Lewis County, Washington. Basal (A), dorsal (B), and left (columellar) side (C) views, 1.9x, length 27.2 mm, width 17.3 mm, height 11.3 mm, of holotype UCMP 39837, UCMP Locality D-8040. D–H. Propustularia kemperae ( Nelson, 1925) , Santa Susana Formation, (Paleocene, Selandian Stage), north side Simi Hills, Ventura County, southern California. Basal (D), dorsal (E), and right (labral) side (F), and views, 2.2x, length 21 mm, width 17.3, height 12 mm, of holotype CASG 391.01 [ex CASG 987], Locality CASG 391. Dorsal (G) view, 2.6x, length 18.2 mm, width 14.9, height 11.2 mm, of hypotype LACMIP 22307.6, LACMIP Type 14918 ( LACMIP Locality 22307). Basal (H) view, 2.2x, length 21 mm, width 17.3, height 12 mm, of paratype UCMP 30541, UCMP Locality 3764. I–N. Subepona goedertorum ( Groves and Squires, 1995) , Crescent Forma-

tion (Eocene, “Capay Stage”), Black Hills, Thurston County, Washington. Basal (I), dorsal (J), left (columellar) lateral (K), and right (labral) (L) views, 2.8x, length 19.4 mm, width 12.3, height 10.8 mm, of holotype LACMIP 16655.23 , LACMIP Type 12375, LACMIP Locality 16655 [= LACMIP Locality 41563; ex CSUN Locality 1563]. M–N, Juncal Formation , Canton Canyon , Whitaker Peak area , Ventura County , southern California. Basal (M) and dorsal (N) views, both 2.4x, length 19.4 mm, width 13.9, height 9.4 mm, of hypotype LACMIP 40807.1 , LACMIP Type 14935 ( LACMIP Locality 40807 [= LACMIP Locality 16191, ex CSUN Locality 80 7]). O–Q, Subepona leahae n. sp., Llajas Formation (Eocene, “Domengine Stage”), north side Simi Valley , Ventura County , southern California. Basal (O), dorsal (P), and left (labral) side (Q) views, 1.6x, length 29.5 mm, width 13.9, height 15.1 mm, of holotype LACMIP 40374.79 , LACMIP Type 14936, ( LACMIP Locality 40374) .

color pattern, and many from the NEP are poorly pre- served. Cypraeid systematics has been greatly enhanced by the works of Meyer (2003, 2004). Herein, lower level systematics below family follows that of Lorenz (2017).