Austrosphecodes orcus, Gonçalves & Pereira, 2022

Gonçalves, Rodrigo Barbosa & Pereira, Felipe Walter, 2022, New species of the cuckoo bee genus Austrosphecodes Michener, 1978 (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Sphecodini) and a key for Brazilian species, European Journal of Taxonomy 819, pp. 55-89 : 80-83

Austrosphecodes orcus sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:851C93ED-46F4-45F0-8C94-B1534A4727FB

Figs 8 , 10D

Diagnosis

Females of this species are very similar to those of A. inornatus , with T1 punctate but punctures not strongly impressed. It differs from A. inornatus by the mesoscutum disc sparsely punctate, interspaces more than puncture diameters, surface mostly polished. Males are easily recognized by the submarginal rows of long (= 2od) recurved setae on S4–5 ( Fig. 8G ).

Etymology

A god of the underworld, punisher of broken oaths in Italic and Roman mythology. Orcus was portrayed in paintings in Etruscan tombs as a hairy, bearded giant. The name is used as a proper noun in apposition.

Material examined

Holotype BRAZIL – Minas Gerais • ♀; “DZUP\568538” “ Uberlândia – MG\ BRASIL 23.IV.93 \ G.A.R. MELO ”; deposited in the Coleção Entomológica Pe. Jesus Santiago Moure, Curitiba, Brazil; DZUP 568538 .

Paratypes BRAZIL – Bahia • 1 ♂; “951908” “ Santo Antonio \ Cocos BA, Brasil\ 44 40′W, 14 8′S " 22,27- VII-1995 \ Mazucato, leg.”; RPSP. – Espírito Santo • 1 ♂; “DZUP\568569” “ CARIACICA – E. SANTO\ BRASIL 2-8/V/57 \ C. and C. T. Elias leg.”; DZUP 568569 . – Mato Grosso do Sul • 1 ♂; “ Campo Grande \ MS, Brasil \ 28-II-1990 \ M. Mazucato \ 900204 ”; RPSP. – Minas Gerais: 1 ♀; “DZUP\568530” “PASSOS – MG\ Brasil 7a12-X-63 \ Claudionor Elias ”; DZUP 568530 • 1 ♀; “DZUP\568531” “ PASSOS – BRASIL \ MG 4-5-X-63 \ CLAUDIONOR ELIAS ”; DZUP 568531 • 1 ♂; “DZUP\568532” “PASSOS – MG\ BR 28Xia 7XII; DZUP-X-62\ Claudionor Elias ”; DZUP 568532 • 1 ♂; “DZUP\568533” “ ARAXÁ – MG \ Brasil 22-IV 63 \ C. Elias leg”; DZUP 568533 • 1 ♂; “DZUP\568534” “ ARAXÁ – MG \ Brasil 22-IV 63 \ C. Elias leg”; DZUP 568534 • 1 ♂; “DZUP\568535” “ IBIÁ – M. Gerais \ BRASIL 18/VI/65 \ C. Elias leg”; DZUP 568535 • 1 ♂; “DZUP\568536” “ Brasil, Minas Gerais \ Catas Altas, Serra do\ Caraça , 1200m,\ 1.iv.1999, GAR Melo ”; DZUP 568536 • 1 ♂; “DZUP\568537” “ Sta. JULIANA \ MG – BRASIL \ 4/VI/1965 \ C. Elias leg”; DZUP 568537 • 1 ♂; “DZUP\568539” “ SÃO GOTARDO \ MG – BRASIL \ 11/VI/1965 \ C. Elias leg”; DZUP 568539 • 1 ♂; “DZUP\568540” “ IBIÁ – M. Gerais \ BRASIL 17/12/65 \ C. Elias leg”; DZUP 568540 . – São Paulo • 1 ♀; “DZUP\568527” “ Brasil, São Paulo,\ Luis Antonio , Est.\ Ecol. de Jataí , 16.x \1999, G. A. R. Melo ”; DZUP 568527 • 1 ♀; “DZUP\568528” “ Brasil, São Paulo,\ Ribeirão Preto,\ Campus da USP \ 01.IX.1998, Melo”; DZUP 568528 • 1 ♂; “DZUP\568529” “ BARUERI – SP \ Brasil V 1957 \ K. Lenko, leg”; DZUP 568529 • 1 ♀; “M 8 77” “ Ribeirão Preto \ SP BRASIL \ SF-23, 48 - 21d” “ 10-III-1977 \ M. Mazucato Leg. ”; RPSP • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; “ 12-II-1977 ”; RPSP • 4 ♂♂; same collection data as for preceding; “ 23-V-1975 ”, “ 22-V-1975 ”, “ 28-V-1976 ” and “ 28-V-1975 ”; RPSP • 1 ♂; “ GENETICA\ F.M. R. PRETO ” “ Ribeirão Preto \ SP BRASIL \ SF-23, 48 - 21d\ 1-VI-1972 \ M. Mazucato Leg.”; RPSP • 1 ♂; “ Brasil, SP, ES. Ecol. Itirapina \ 22 12’27.9”S 47 54’05.9”W "\ 26-28.V.2017 Tavares, Porto,\ Lucena, Gibran and Yoshida ”; RPSP • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; “ 21-23.IV.2017 ”; RPSP • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; “ 28-21.I.2017 ”; RPSP • 2 ♂♂; same collection data as for preceding; “ 24-26.II.2017 Tavares, Porto,\ Lucena, Stefanello and Quinteiro ”; RPSP .

Description

Female

MEASUREMENTS. Head width 1.8 mm, length 1.4 mm; intertegular distance 1.0 mm; body length about 6.0 mm.

HEAD. Labrum dark amber to black. Mandible dark amber; long setae on outer and ventral margin, more concentrated on base. Clypeus black; sulcate; basal margin arcuate in the middle; loosely punctate; sparse long decumbent setae on middle; small concentration of long decumbent setae on lateral apexes.Supraclypeal area black; densely punctate (i <pd); dull interspaces; plumose decumbent setae absent in the middle, present on middle of antennae insertions and below antennae. Paraocular area black; densely punctate; dull interspaces; densely covered with whitish decumbent plumose setae on middle to bottom; upper densely punctate (i<pd) to rugose, punctures almost touching themselves; few short erect setae. Antennae mostly black; brownish on ventral surfaces of flagellomeres; scape long, almost reaching mid ocellus; few erect setae on scape; scape punctate to sparsely punctate, mostly polished; flagellomeres homogeneous covered with short whitish setae. Frons black; densely punctate (i <pd); dull interspaces; sparse long erect setae; weakly depressed above supraclypeal area. Vertex punctate to rugose, lineolate on posterior margin, less punctate and more polished near gena; few short erect setae. Gena rugose-carinate; imbricate; loosely rugose as seen as on on lateral view, imbricate; densely covered with decumbent whitish setae.

MESOSOMA. Pronotum rugose; covered with long whitish setae dorsally; weakly covered with tomentum as seen as on lateral view; imbricate near pronotal lobe. Posterior margin of pronotum covered with tomentum. Prosternum black; imbricate; weakly covered with tomentum on the middle. Fore leg. Coxa black; dull; imbricate; covered with whitish long setae; trochanter black; imbricate; few setae; femur black on base and brown on apex; imbricate; sparse erect setae; tibia amber; tibial spur serrate on apex, with one sharp tooth. Mesoscutum black; anterior border rugose; disc punctate to sparsely punctate (i>pd), polished; median sulcus weak. Mesepisternum black; coarsely rugose, not polished; sparse whitish long setae on lateral view; weakly covered with whitish setae on ventral surface. Mid leg. Coxa black; dull; imbricate; covered with whitish long setae; trochanter dark amber; imbricate; few setae; femur dark brown on base and lighter on apex; imbricate; sparse erect setae; tibia amber; one simple tibial spur. Tegula amber; concentric lineolate; polished in the middle. Fore wing with 3 submarginal cells. Scutellum black; polished; few sparse punctures on disc. Metanotum black; rugulose; mostly covered with tomentum. Metepisternum rugose and dull; more carinate near tegula; weakly covered with tomentum. Hind leg. Coxa black to dark amber; dull; imbricate; presence of long whitish setae; trochanter dark amber; imbricate; few setae; femur dark brown on base and lighter on apex; imbricate; sparse erect setae; tibia amber. Hind wing with 5 hamuli. Metapostnotum weakly concave; margin rounded; areolate. Latero-dorsal surface scrobiculate. Propodeum densely covered with tomentum.

METASOMA. T1 dark amber; densely punctuate, punctures weakly impressed. T2 dark amber; punctulate; short setae on anterior margin; posterior margin mostly polished. T3 dark amber; punctulate, imbricate; setae on anterior margin to middle; longer sparse setae on middle; T4 black; imbricate; setae on anterior margin to middle; longer sparse setae on middle. T5 black; mostly imbricate; weakly covered with long setae. Pygidial plate black; dull; without setae. S1–S3 amber; imbricate; few sparse setae. S4 black on posterior margin; imbricate; sparse setae. S5–S6 black; imbricate; few sparse long erect setae.

Male

MEASUREMENTS. Head width 1.7 mm, length 1.5 mm; intertegular distance 1.1 mm; body length about 6.0 mm. As the female except as described.

CLYPEUS. Supraclypeal area and lower particular with scattered plumose setae; antennae light brown, scape not reaching mid ocellus, vertex very coarsely punctate.

STERNA. 3–5 with a submarginal row of long setae (2 od), recurved on S4–5.

GENITALIA. Illustrated in Fig. 2A of Gonçalves (2021)

Figures

Fig. 8. Austrosphecodes orcus sp. nov. A–C. Paratype (DZUP 568527). D–F. Holotype, ♂ (DZUP 568538). A. Female head. B. Female mesosoma. C. Female propodeum and metasoma. D. Male head. E. Male mesosoma. F. Male propodeum and metasoma. G. Male metasomal sterna. Scale bar =1 mm.

Fig. 10. Geographic records map. A. Austrosphecodes asmodeus sp. nov., A. balrog sp. nov., A. brasiliensis (Schrottky, 1910). B. A. cerberus sp. nov., A gorgon sp. nov., A. inornatus (Schrottky, 1902). C. A. jurupari sp. nov., A. krampus sp. nov., A. lucifer sp. nov. D. A. minarum (Schrottky, 1910), A. orcus sp. nov., A. tartarus sp. nov.

Fig. 2. Austrosphecodes balrog sp. nov., holotype ♀ (DZUP 568513). A. Head. B. Mesosoma, red arrow: crowded punctures on anterior margin of mesoscutum. C. Propodeum and metasoma, red arrow: metapostnotum triangular. Scale bar =1 mm.