Pieris aculeata, Vahl

Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A., 1976, Flora Europaea. Volume 4. Plantaginaceae to Compositae (and Rubiaceae), Cambridge University Press : 316

1. P. aculeata Vahl , Symb. Bot. 2: 89 (1791).

Perennial. Stem 18-50 cm, with scattered spines and few to numerous rigid hairs. Leaves with short, bulbous-based spines and a few rigid hairs; basal 30-100 x 10-35 mm, oblanceolate to elliptical, obtuse, shallowly dentate, subpetiolate; cauline small, lanceolate to ovate, sessile, more or less amplexicaul. Capitula few; peduncles thickened after anthesis. Involucre 14-18 x 12-18 mm; bracts glabrous or with rigid hairs, the outer ovate, muricate, the inner lanceolate or oblong, about twice as long as outer. Achenes 8-9 mm, reddish-brown, more or less straight, the beak longer than the body. Dry places’, calcicele. S. Italy, Sicilia. It Si. (N. Africa.)