Jaguajir agamemnon (C.L. Koch, 1839 ) Lauren A. Esposito & Humberto Y. Yamaguti & Cláudio A. Souza & Ricardo Pinto-Da-Rocha & Lorenzo Prendini, 2017

Lauren A. Esposito, Humberto Y. Yamaguti, Cláudio A. Souza, Ricardo Pinto-Da-Rocha & Lorenzo Prendini, 2017, Systematic Revision of the Neotropical Club-Tailed Scorpions, Physoctonus, Rhopalurus, and Troglorhopalurus, Revalidation of Heteroctenus, and Descriptions of Two New Genera and Three New Species (Buthidae: Rhopalurusinae), Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 415, pp. 1-134 : 80-82

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.1206/0003-0090-415.1.1

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4610672

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/8F65ED57-FF9A-B107-38F2-C835B1156FF7

treatment provided by

Admin

scientific name

Jaguajir agamemnon (C.L. Koch, 1839 )
status

comb. nov.

Jaguajir agamemnon (C.L. Koch, 1839) View in CoL , comb. nov.

Figures 1 View FIG. 1 C View FIG , 7 View FIG , 10B View FIG , 12A View FIG , 15C View FIG , 19C View FIG , 21D View FIG , 22D View FIG , 23S–V View FIG , 41A View FIG , 42A View FIG , 43A, D View FIG , 44A View FIG , 45 View FIG

Androctonus agamemnon C.L. Koch, 1839: 103– 105 , pl. CCV, fig. 506.

Tityus agamemnon: C.L. Koch, 1850: 91 ; Pocock, 1902 b: 377.

Heteroctenus agamemnon: Pocock, 1893: 393 .

Centrurus agamemnon: Kraepelin, 1895: 95 ; 1899: 89, 94; 1908: 187, 190, 194; Penther, 1913: 240.

Rhopalurus borellii Pocock, 1902 b: 377 , 378 (synonymized by Lourenço, 1982 a: 128); 1902a: 37; Mello-Campos, 1924 a: 276, 285, 286; 1924b: 318, 342, 351, 352; Werner, 1927: 358; Prado, 1939: 6; Mello-Leitão, 1945: 266, 270, 272; Bücherl, 1959: 268; Lucas et al., 1981: 129, table 2 View TABLE 2 .

Rhopalurus agamemnon: Pocock, 1902 a: 37 ; Mello- Campos, 1924a: 252, 275, 276; 1924b: 318, 341, 342; Mello-Leitão, 1932: 14, 30; Prado, 1940: 25, 27; Mello-Leitão, 1945: 267, 269, 270; Bücherl, 1959: 268; 1971: 327; Lucas and Bücherl, 1972: 263; Stahnke and Calos, 1977: 119; Lourenço, 1982 a: 123, 136, figs. 1, 64–76, 78, table 1 View TABLE 1 ; 1986a: 133, fig. 15; 1986b: 165, fig. 7; 1990: 161; 1992: 55; Kovařík, 1998: 118; Fet and Lowe, 2000: 218; Lenarducci et al., 2005: 7, table 2 View TABLE 2 ; Lourenço, 2008: 6; Prendini et al., 2009: 222, 223; Brazil and Porto, 2010: 41, 50, 59, 66, figs. 2A, 5A; Porto et al., 2010: 292– 295, table 1 View TABLE 1 ; Ubinski et al., 2016: 122.

Centrurus intermedius Penther, 1913: 240 (synonymized by Lourenço, 1982 a: 123).

Rhopalurus acromelas Lutz and Mello, 1922 a: 25 , 26; Mello-Campos, 1924 a: 252, 276, 282, 283, pl. 11, fig. 38; 1924b: 318, 342, 347, 348, pl. 11, fig. 38; Werner, 1927: 358; Mello- Leitão, 1932: 15, 31; Meise, 1934: 42; Prado, 1940: 26, 29; Mello-Leitão, 1945: 266, 267– 269; Bücherl, 1959: 268; 1971: 327; Lou- renço, 1982a: 128, 129, 135, 137, figs. 77, 78, table 1 View TABLE 1 ; 1986a: 133, fig. 11; 1986b: 165, fig. 7; 1990: 161; 1992: 55; Kovařík, 1998: 118; Fet and Lowe, 2000: 217, 218; Lenarducci et al., 2005: 7, table 2 View TABLE 2 ; Kamenz and Prendini, 2008: 9, table 2 View TABLE 2 ; Lourenço, 2008: 1; Prendini et al., 2009: 222, 223; Porto et al., 2010: 292, 295, table 1 View TABLE 1 ; syn. nov.

Rhopalurus melleipalpus Lutz and Mello, 1922 b: 25 (previously synonymized with R. acromelas by Lourenço, 1982 a: 129); Mello-Campos, 1924 a: 252, 275, 283, pl. 11, fig. 37; 1924b: 318, 341, 348, 349, pl. 11, fig. 37; Werner, 1927: 358; Mello-Leitão, 1932: 15, 31; Meise, 1934: 42; Prado, 1940: 26, 32; Lourenço, 1982 a: 129; syn. nov.

Rhopalurus borelli: Mello-Campos, 1924 a: 252 ; Mello-Leitão, 1932: 15, 31; Prado, 1938: 347– 349, fig. 2; 1940: 27, 35, 36; Bücherl, 1971: 327; Lucas and Bücherl, 1972: 262, 263, map;

Araújo, 1981: 235; Lourenço, 2008: 6.

Rhopalurus iglesiasi Werner, 1927: 357 , 358, fig. 2a–d (synonymized with R. borellii by Lucas and Bücherl, 1972: 262); Mello-Leitão, 1932: 15, 31; Meise, 1934: 42; Prado, 1938: 347– 349, fig. 2; 1939: 6; 1940: 26, 33; Roewer, 1943: 219; Mello-Leitão, 1945: 267, 274; Bücherl, 1959: 268; 1971: 327; Lourenço, 1979: 215; 1982 a: 128; syn. nov.

Rhopalurus lambdophorus Mello-Leitão, 1932: 12–15 , 31, 38, 39, fig. 8, 8a–8c (previously synonymized with R. acromelas by Lourenço, 1982 a: 129); Prado, 1940: 26, 30; Mello-Leitão, 1945: 266, 278, 279; Lourenço, 1982 a: 129; syn. nov.

Rhopalurus intermedius: Mello-Leitão, 1932: 14 ; Prado, 1940: 26, 28; Mello-Leitão, 1945: 267, 277, 278; Bücherl, 1959: 268.

Heteroctenus borellii: Meise, 1934: 42 .

Centruroides (Rhopalurus) borellii: Werner, 1934: 274 , fig. 33, 33a.

Rhopalurus dorsomaculatus Prado, 1938: 347– 349 , figs. 1, 2 (previously synonymized with R. borellii by Lucas and Bücherl, 1972: 262); Prado, 1940: 26, 33, fig.; Lourenço, 1982 a: 128; syn. nov.

Rhopalurus goiasensis Prado, 1940: 26 , 31, 32, fig. (previously synonymized with R. acromelas by Lourenço, 1982 a: 133); syn. nov.

Rhopalurus iglesiasi dorsomaculatus : Mello- Leitão, 1945: 267, 275–277, figs. 113, 114; Bücherl, 1959: 268; Lucas and Bücherl, 1971: 636, figs. 1–4.

Rhopalurus stenochirus goyasensis: Mello-Leitão, 1945: 267 ; Lourenço, 1979: 215.

Rhopalurus stenochirus melleipalpus : Mello- Leitão, 1945: 267, 292, 293.

Rhopalurus stenochirus goiasensis: Mello-Leitão, 1945: 290–292 ; Lucas and Bücherl, 1972: 263.

Rhopalurus borelli borelli: Jaume, 1954: 1090 .

Rhopalurus stenochirus goiazensis: Bücherl, 1959: 269 .

Rhopalurus agamemnom: Porto et al., 2010: 294 , fig. 2A.

TYPE MATERIAL: BRAZIL: Androctonus agamemnon : Holotype [sex?] (ZMB) [lost]. Ceará : Rhopalurus melleipalpus : Holotype ♀ [lost], Assare. Rhopalurus lambdophorus : Holotype ♂ [lost; original type depository unknown;?“ Museu Rocha , Ceará ”], Ceará . Goiás : Rhopalurus borellii : 1?juv. ♀ lectotype [desig. Lourenço , 1982 a: 139] (BMNH 1842.6.20.1), Goiás ; paralectotype ♂ (BMNH). Rhopalurus dorsomaculatus : Holotype ♀ (IBSP 35), Cana Brava, Nova Roma. Rhopalurus goiasensis : 1 juv.? ♂ holotype (IBSP 66), paratype ♀ (IBSP 31), Cana Brava. Piauí : Centrurus intermedius : Holotype ♀ (NMW 2246), Barra do Parnaguá. Rhopalurus acromelas : 1 ♂, 1 ♀ syntypes [lost], Terezina. Rhopalurus iglesiasi : 1 ♂, 8 ♀ syntypes (SMF 5280), Piauí .

DIAGNOSIS: Jaguajir agamemnon is most closely related to J. pintoi . The two species resemble one another, and differ from J. rochae , in their darker coloration and broader metasoma. Whereas the base coloration is brown to black, and the metasoma of the male markedly wider posteriorly in J. agamemnon and J. pintoi , the base coloration is pale to dark yellow, and the metasoma of the male slightly wider posteriorly in J. rochae . Additionally, the fixed and movable fingers of the pedipalp chela of the male are markedly curved, creating a large proximal gap between them, and the proximal lobe on the fixed finger of the male is reduced or absent in J. agamemnon and J. pintoi , whereas the fixed and movable fingers of the pedipalp chela of the male are slightly curved, creating a small proximal gap between them, and the proximal lobe on the fixed finger of the male exhibits a prominent proximal lobe, in J. rochae . Furthermore, the subaculear tubercle of the telson is well developed and spinoid in J. agamemnon , but very reduced, forming a small protuberance, in J. pintoi and J. rochae .

Jaguajir agamemnon can be further differentiated from J. pintoi as follows. Jaguajir agamemnon is bicolored and generally paler, with the prosoma and tergites I–VI brown and tergite VII, metasoma, telson, pedipalps, and legs lighter, somewhat orange, whereas J. pintoi , is almost uniformly dark, with the prosoma, tergites, metasoma, telson, and pedipalps dark brown to black, and the sternites, legs, and telson somewhat lighter, reddish brown. Additionally, the metasoma of J. agamemnon is proportionally more slender, with metasomal segment V approximately 1.5× longer than wide, than that of J. pintoi , with metasomal segment V almost as wide as long. The dorsolateral carinae of the metasomal segments comprise small, acuminate granules in J. agamemnon , whereas the carinae comprise blunt spiniform granules, increasing in size posteriorly, especially prominent on segments III and IV, in J. pintoi .

DISTRIBUTION: Jaguajir agamemnon is endemic to northeastern Brazil and recorded from the states of Bahía, Ceará, Goiás, Maranhão, Mato Grosso, Pernambuco, Piauí, and Tocantins (fig. 7).

ECOLOGY: This species inhabits open savannah. Personally collected specimens were found under stones during the day and with UV light detection at night. The habitat and habitus are consistent with the lapidicolous ecomorphotype ( Prendini, 2001 b).

REMARKS: The evidence and analyses presented by Esposito et al. (in review) demonstrated that R. acromelas is conspecific with J. agamemnon , justifying its synonymy, and that of its former synonyms, with the latter, resulting in the following new synonyms: Rhopalurus acromelas Lutz and Mello, 1922 = Jaguajir agamemnon (C.L. Koch, 1839) , syn. nov.; Rhopalurus melleipalpus Lutz and Mello, 1922 = Jaguajir agamemnon (C.L. Koch, 1839) , syn. nov.; Rhopalurus iglesiasi Werner, 1927 = Jaguajir agamemnon (C.L. Koch, 1839) , syn. nov.; Rhopalurus lambdophorus Mello-Leitão, 1932 = Jaguajir agamemnon (C.L. Koch, 1839) , syn. nov.; Rhopalurus dorsomaculatus Prado, 1938 = Jaguajir agamemnon (C.L. Koch, 1839) , syn. nov.; Rhopalurus goiasensis Prado, 1940 = Jaguajir agamemnon (C.L. Koch, 1839) , syn. nov.

MATERIAL EXAMINED: BRAZIL: Maranhão: Balsas, 07°28′44″S 46°07′0 9″W, 4.vi.2008, H.Y. Yamaguti et al., 1 ♀ (MZSP 31132/AMCC [LP 9948]), 1 juv. ♂ (MZSP 31133/AMCC [LP 9932]); Caxias, 04°56′26″S 43°27′59″W, 16.viii.2008, R. Pinto-da-Rocha et al., 1 juv. ♂ (MZSP 30883/AMCC [LP 9692]), 04°56′50″S 43°29′45″W, 15.viii.2008, R. Pinto-da-Rocha et al., 1 juv. ♂ (MZSP 31134/AMCC [LP 9936]); Santa Barbara, on shore of Rio Parnaíba, vi.1962, G. Eiten, 1 ♂ (AMNH). Pernambuco: Exu   GoogleMaps , 10 km N, 13.iii.1977, L.J. Vitt, rocky habitat within thorn scrub forest, 1 ♀, 1 subad. ♀, 4 juv. (AMNH), 14.iii.1977, L.J. Vitt, rocky habitat in thorn scrub, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (AMNH); Exu   GoogleMaps , 10 km NE, 28.iv.1977, L.J. Vitt, 1 ♂, 1 ♀, 2 subad. ♀, 2 subad., 1 juv. (AMNH), 25.ix.1977, L.J. Vitt, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (AMNH); Exu   GoogleMaps , 15 km NE, 14.v.1977, L.J. Vitt, high caatinga, under bark of tree, 1 subad. ♀ (AMNH); Exu   GoogleMaps , 20 km E, 30.iii.1977, L.J. Vitt, 1 juv. ♂ (AMNH); Fazenda Caterino, 10 km NE Exu, 1.viii.1977, L.J. Vitt, 1 juv. ♂ (AMNH), 25.ix.1977, L.J. Vitt, 1 ♀ (AMNH), 9.vii.1977, L.J. Vitt, 1 subad. ♂ (AMNH). Piauí: Barras, 04°19′0 4″S 42°18′26″W, 18.viii.2008, R. Pintoda-Rocha et al., 1 subad. ♀ (MZSP 30884/AMCC [LP 9693]); Castelo do Piauí, 05°13′43″S 41°41′57″W, 13.viii.2008, R. Pinto-da-Rocha et al., 1 ♀ (MZSP 30887/AMCC [LP 9696]), 1 subad. ♂ (MZSP 31157/AMCC [LP 9933]), 1 juv. ♂ (MZSP 31156/AMCC [LP 9939]); Oeiras, 06°58′28″S 42°06′31″W, 2–3.iv.2008, H.Y. Yamaguti et al., 1 ♂ (MZSP 31160/AMCC [LP 9954]), 1 ♀ (MZSP 31161/AMCC [LP 9942]); Piracuruca, near Parque Nacional Sete Cidades, 04°10′0 7″S 41°41′56.7″W, 16.viii.2008, R. Pintoda-Rocha and L.S. Carvalho, 1 ♂ (MZSP 31167/ AMCC [LP 9949]); Sítio Ouro Verde, Teresina, 04°54′13.9″S 42°47′27.1″W, 27.vii.2008, L.S. Carvalho, 1 subad. ♂ (MZSP 30886/AMCC [LP 9695]), 1 juv. ♂ (MZSP 31169/AMCC [LP 9960]); Teresina, Campus UFPI, 05°02′43.5″S 42°46′13.4″W, 16.viii.2008, UFPI, 1 ♂ (MZSP 31170/AMCC [LP 9929]). Tocantins: Mateiros, Jalapão, 10°33.811′S 46°27.409′W, 17.iv.2009, S. Outeda-Jorge and F. Marques, 1 ♂ (MZSP 31182/ AMCC [LP 9938]), 1 subad. ♀ (MZSP 31180/ AMCC [LP 9934]), 1 juv. ♂ (MZSP 31181/ AMCC [LP 9958]); Rio da Conceição   GoogleMaps , estrada para E.E. Serra Geral, 11°22′26″S 46°49′11″W, 7.vi.2008, H.Y. Yamaguti, M.B. da Silva and T.J. Porto, 1 ♀ (MZSP 30885/AMCC [LP 9694]), 1 subad. ♀ (MZSP 31193/AMCC [LP 9935]).

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Arachnida

Order

Scorpiones

Family

Buthidae

SubFamily

Rhopalurusinae

Genus

Jaguajir

Loc

Jaguajir agamemnon (C.L. Koch, 1839 )

Lauren A. Esposito, Humberto Y. Yamaguti, Cláudio A. Souza, Ricardo Pinto-Da-Rocha & Lorenzo Prendini 2017
2017
Loc

Rhopalurus agamemnom:

Porto et al. 2010: 294
2010
Loc

Rhopalurus stenochirus goiazensis: Bücherl, 1959: 269

Bucherl 1959: 269
1959
Loc

Rhopalurus borelli borelli:

Jaume 1954: 1090
1954
Loc

Rhopalurus stenochirus goyasensis: Mello-Leitão, 1945: 267

Mello-Leitao 1945: 267
1945
Loc

Rhopalurus stenochirus goiasensis: Mello-Leitão, 1945: 290–292

Mello-Leitao 1945: 290
1945
Loc

Rhopalurus goiasensis

Prado 1940: 26
1940
Loc

Rhopalurus dorsomaculatus

Prado 1938: 347
1938
Loc

Heteroctenus borellii:

Meise 1934: 42
1934
Loc

Centruroides (Rhopalurus) borellii

: Werner 1934: 274
1934
Loc

R. borellii

: Werner 1934
1934
Loc

Rhopalurus lambdophorus Mello-Leitão, 1932: 12–15

Mello-Leitao 1932: 12
1932
Loc

Rhopalurus intermedius: Mello-Leitão, 1932: 14

Mello-Leitao 1932: 14
1932
Loc

Rhopalurus iglesiasi

Werner 1927: 357
1927
Loc

Rhopalurus borelli:

Mello-Campos 1924: 252
1924
Loc

Rhopalurus acromelas

Lutz and Mello 1922: 25
1922
Loc

Rhopalurus melleipalpus

Lutz and Mello 1922: 25
1922
Loc

R. acromelas

Lutz and Mello 1922
1922
Loc

R. acromelas

Lutz and Mello 1922
1922
Loc

R. acromelas

Lutz and Mello 1922
1922
Loc

Centrurus intermedius

Penther 1913: 240
1913
Loc

Rhopalurus borellii

Pocock 1902: 377
1902
Loc

Rhopalurus agamemnon:

Pocock 1902: 37
1902
Loc

R. borellii

Pocock 1902
1902
Loc

Centrurus agamemnon:

Kraepelin 1895: 95
1895
Loc

Heteroctenus agamemnon:

Pocock 1893: 393
1893
Loc

Tityus agamemnon:

C.L. Koch 1850: 91
1850
Loc

Androctonus agamemnon C.L. Koch, 1839: 103– 105

C. L. Koch 1839: 103
1839
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