Sida cordifolia Linnaeus (1753: 684)

Grings, Martin & Boldrini, Ilsi Iob, 2022, Synopsis of Sida (Malvoideae, Malvaceae) in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, Phytotaxa 542 (2), pp. 105-135 : 112

4. Sida cordifolia Linnaeus (1753: 684) ( Figures 2 , 3A–E , 14F ).

Holotype:—“ Habitat in India, cordifolia. 4”, s.d., s.c., s.n. ( LINN 866.12 ! [digital image]).

Taxonomic notes: —The species belongs to sect. Cordifoliae ( Monteiro-Filho 1936, Brandão et. al. 2017) Table 1 , and is distinguished from the other species in this section in Rio Grande do Sul by its denser stellate trichomes, yellow flowers (sometimes with a red basal spot), and by the shape of leaves, generally ovate or cordiform ( Figures 3A–E , 14F ). It is one of the most polymorphic species of the genus Sida ( Brandão et al. 2017) .

Distribution, habitat and conservation satus: —This species is widely distributed in pantropical and subtropical regions ( Fryxell 1985, Brandão et al. 2017), and, therefore, is here considered Least Concern (LC). In Brazil, according to Bovini (2020), the species occurs throughout the country. In the present work, we confirm the occurrence of S. cordifolia to the states of Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul. In the latter state, the species occurs in Inland submontane grassland, Aristida grassland, Sandy grassland and in Coastal grassland ( Figure 2 ), also growing in ruderal environments.

Representative specimens: — BRAZIL. Rio Grande do Sul. Itacurubi, em direção a Maçambará, RS-447, 22 February 2017, A . Nuernberg et al. 1895 ( FLOR); Porto Alegre , Morro Santa Tereza, in campestribus dumetosis, B . Rambo 41313 ( PACA); São Francisco de Assis, estrada para Jacaquá , 170 m, WGS 84 S - 29.61047º W -055.15408º, 03 December 2020, M . Grings et al. 2205 ( ICN); São Leopoldo , herba in pascuis, 18 June 1965, A . Sehnem 8408 ( PACA); Torres, Campo Bonito , próximo da Fruteira Pelé, 30 m, WGS 84 - 29.353413°S - 49.769940°W, 02 November 2020, M . Grings 2168 ( ICN) . Santa Catarina. Florianópolis, Morro da Caixa D’água, UFSC , 23 August 1984, D. Falkenberg & R . Silva 679 ( FLOR); Itajaí , 30 September 1971, R . Klein 2566 ( HBR) .

Figures

FIGURE 2. Distribution map of Sida anomala, S. cerradoensis, S. confusa, S. cordifolia, S. dubia, S. farroupilhensis and S. lonchitis in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil.

FIGURE 3. A–E. Sida cordifolia. A. Flower. B.Adaxial surface of leaf. C. Abaxial surface of leaf. D. Branch with leaves and schizocarps. E. Branch with leaves, flowers buds and schizocarps. F–J. Sida dubia. F. Flower. G. Adaxial surface of leaf. H. Abaxial surface of leaf. I. Schizocarps and mericarps. J. Branch with leaves, flowers and buds. K–N. Sida glaziovii. K. Flower. L. Flowers, buds and leaves. M. Branch. N. Buds. Photographs by Martin Grings.

FIGURE 14. Mericarps. A. Sida anomala. B. Sida confusa. C. Sida farroupilhensis. D. Sida glaziovii. E. Sida cerradoensis. F. Sida cordifolia. G. Sida dubia. H. Sida linifolia. I. Sida lonchitis. J. Sida nemorensis. K. Sida paradoxa. L. Sida planicaulis. M. Sida potentilloides.N. Sida reitzii. O. Sida regnellii. P. Sida rhombifolia.Q. Sida riedelii. R. Sida rubifolia.S. Sida spinosa.T. Sida tuberculata. U. Sida urens. V. Sida viarum. Photographs by Martin Grings.