Charinus brasilianus Weygoldt, 1972

Miranda, Gustavo Silva de, Giupponi, Alessandro P. L., Prendini, Lorenzo & Scharff, Nikolaj, 2021, Systematic revision of the pantropical whip spider family Charinidae Quintero, 1986 (Arachnida, Amblypygi), European Journal of Taxonomy 772, pp. 1-409 : 98-100

Charinus brasilianus Weygoldt, 1972

Figs 8C–D , 43 , 48 ; Table 4

Charinus brasilianus Weygoldt, 1972b: 108–115 , figs 1–11, 22a.

Charinus brasilianus – Weygoldt 1972c: 100, fig. 7a–b; 1972d: 37–40, figs 8–9, 10a–b; 1975: 311; 1996a: 187, 189–190, figs 2, 13–14, 22, 40; 1999b: 52, fig. 6; 1999c: 107, figs 8–10; 2000a: 15, 17, 75, 98, figs 6–9, 15, 152–153, 212; 2000b figs 348, 4–5; 2006a: 239–240, 245–246, fig. 13. — Weygoldt et al. 1972: 209–246, figs 14d, 16b, 18c, 19. — Delle Cave 1986: 162, fig. II. — Proctor 1998: 160. — Harvey 2003: 4–5. — Baptista & Giupponi 2003: 80. — Haupt 2009: 18, fig. 4. — Miranda & Giupponi 2011: 66, fig. 13. — Jocqué & Giupponi 2012: 59. — Vasconcelos et al. 2013: 495, fig. 12. — Vasconcelos & Ferreira 2016: 185. — Miranda et al. 2016c: 19, 21, 29, 31.

Diagnosis

This species may be separated from C. monasticus sp. nov., C. taboa , C. troglobius , and C. una sp. nov. by the presence of well-developed median and lateral eyes. It differs from C. diamantinus sp. nov., C. euclidesi sp. nov., C. souzai , and C. sooretama sp. nov., in the lower number of teeth on the cheliceral claw: six teeth are present in C. brasilianus whereas more than six are present in the other species.

Etymology

Although unspecified, the species name is evidently an adjective referring to Brazil, the country in which the type locality is located.

Type material

Holotype BRAZIL • ♂; Espírito Santo, 10 km N of Vitoria; [20°11′08.74″ S, 40°16′05.53″ W]; “Berg links d. Strass u. Nova Almeida”; Weygoldt leg.; Oct. 1970; MNRJ 9014 .

Paratypes BRAZIL • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; MNRJ 9014 • 1 ♀, 3 juv. ♂♂, 3 ♂♂, 2 juv. [without gonopod]; same collection data as for holotype; SMF 25397 .

Additional material

BRAZIL • 1 ♀, 1 ♂; Espírito Santo, Santa Tereza, Nova Valssugana ; May 2005; T. Souza leg., MNRJ 9271 • 1 juv. ♀; Espírito Santo, Santa Tereza, Reserva Santa Lúcia ; 19°56′10″ S, 40°36′06″ W; 15–19 Oct. 2003; Almeida, Bapstista, Giupponi, Mendes and Pedroso leg.; MNRJ 9232 • 2 ♀♀, 3 ♂♂, 3 juv.; Espírito Santo, Aracruz, Parque Natural Municipal do Aricanga ; 19°49′07.21″ S, 40°19′47.57″ W; 17 Oct. 2005; MNRJ 9240 • 2 ♀♀, 1 juv. ♂; Espírito Santo, Aracruz , Aricanga ; MNRJ 9233 • 1 ♂; Espírito Santo, Aracruz, REFMU do Aricanga ; 14 Oct. 2005; Expedição ESFA leg.; MNRJ 9241 • 1 ♀, 4 ♂♂; Espírito Santo, Aracruz, Parque Natural Municipal David Victor Farina ; 19°55′55.67″ S, 40°07′39.22″ W; 15 Oct. 2005; A. Giupponi, A. Kury, V. Orrico, M. Milleri, R. Rodrigues and T. Souza leg.; MNRJ 9226 .

Supplementary description

CARAPACE. Frontal process large, triangular, not visible in dorsal view; median eyes and median ocular tubercle present ( Fig. 48A–B, G ); lateral eyes well developed, small seta posterior to each lateral ocular triad; lenses directed anteriorly and dorsally.

STERNUM. Tritosternum projected anteriorly into large blunt tubercle; medial platelet (tetrasternum) and third platelet (pentasternum) with one convex platelet, with pair of setae anteriorly and few small setae posteriorly ( Fig. 48H ); metasternum with clear division in anterior half, and with anterior seta in membranous region and seta in sclerotized area, where sulcus terminates; anterior margin with small elevation bearing longitudinal row of five large setae with longitudinal series of smaller setae anterior to them.

OPISTHOSOMA. Ventral sacs and ventral sac cover absent.

GENITALIA. Female genital operculum posterior margin straight, with few setae along margin and on surface; gonopods sucker-like, with wrinkled, folded cushion basally. Male gonopods with fimbriate LoL2, separated from LoL1 ( Fig. 8C–D ).

CHELICERAE. Prolateral surface of basal article with vertical row of three or four setae; claw with six or seven teeth.

PEDIPALPS. Femur with four (males) or five (females) dorsal spines and two prominent setiferous tubercles proximal to spine 1 ( Fig. 48C, E ); four or five ventral spines with one setiferous tubercle proximal to spine 1 and small spine displaced from primary series dorsal to spine 1 ( Fig. 48D, F ). Patella with five dorsal spines; spine distal to spine 1, about one-third length of spine 1 ( Fig. 48C, E ); three or four conspicuous ventral spines, decreasing in size, with small setiferous tubercles and spines forming secondary series between primary series of spines ( Fig. 48D, F ). Tibia with two dorsal spines; ventral spine situated in distal half, two-thirds length of proximal dorsal spine; two setae between spine and distal margin. Tarsus with two small curved spines, distal spine one-fifth length of tarsus, and proximal spine half length of distal spine. Ventral row of cleaning brush organ with 25–29 setae.

LEGS. Tibia of leg I with 23 or more articles (one specimen with 27 articles, another with 31); tarsus I with 41 or more articles (one specimen with 44 articles, another with 43); first (distal) article of tibia with two small trichobothria, second article with one, third article with two, and fourth article with one. Leg IV basitibia with four pseudo-articles, with trichobothrium situated at distal end of first half of last pseudo-article; distitibia trichobothrium bc situated closer to sbf than to bf; sc and sf series each with five trichobothria.

Measurements

See Table 4 .

Distribution

Populations of C. brasilianus were collected in several different municipalities, e.g., Aracruz, Aricanga, and Santa Teresa, in the vicinity of the type locality.

Natural history

This species occurs under stones and fallen tree trunks in tropical forest.

Figures

Fig. 8. Charinus Simon, 1892, male gonopods. A–B. Charinus acaraje Pinto-da-Rocha, Machado & Weygoldt, 2002 (MNRJ 9297), ventral view (A) and detail of dorsal lobe (LoD) and lateral lobe 1 (LoL1). C–D. Charinus brasilianus Weygoldt, 1972 (MNRJ 9226), posterior view (C) and detail of lateral lobes 1 and 2 (LoL1, 2), dorsal lobe (LoD) and lamina medialis (LaM) (D). E–H. Charinus carajas Giupponi & Miranda, 2016 (MZSP 29126), ventral view of gonopod (E), detail of sinistral side of gonopod (F), detail of LoL1 and LoD (G), and detail of LoL2 (H).

Fig. 43. Map plotting known distributions of species of Charinus Simon, 1892 in eastern South America, with inset for southeastern Brazil.

Fig. 48. Charinus brasilianus Weygoldt, 1972, general morphology (MNRJ 9271). A. Female habitus, dorsal view. B. Male habitus, dorsal view. C. Female pedipalp, dorsal view. D. Female pedipalp, ventral view. E. Male pedipalp, dorsal view. F. Male pedipalp, ventral view. G. Frontal process. H. Sternum, ventral view. Scale bars: A, C–F = 1 mm; B = 5 mm; G = 0.1 mm; H = 0.5 mm.