Scoloplos bathytatus, Blake, James A., 2017

Blake, James A., 2017, Polychaeta Orbiniidae from Antarctica, the Southern Ocean, the Abyssal Pacific Ocean, and off South America, Zootaxa 4218 (1), pp. 1-145 : 44-47

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.5281/zenodo.245827

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:9345C596-8656-4B5C-AD8C-2FACF4E9240C

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4901769

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/8F2387DD-063E-0923-FF31-FDCFFE34FE0F

treatment provided by

GgServerImporter

scientific name

Scoloplos bathytatus
status

sp. nov.

Scoloplos bathytatus View in CoL new species

Figure 22 View FIGURE 22 , 23 View FIGURE 23 A–F

Scoloplos (Leodamas) marginatus: Hartman 1967: 108 View in CoL (in part, Sta. 480). Not Ehlers 1897. Scoloplos (Leodamas) ohlini: Hartman 1978: 156 View in CoL . Not Ehlers, 1901.

Haploscoloplos kerguelensis: Hartman 1978: 156 View in CoL (in part, some found in Sta. 68-1). Not McIntosh 1885.

Material examined. Drake Passage, Eltanin Sta. 6-384, 25 Dec 1962, 57.03°S, 56.47°W, 3138–3426 m, 1 paratype (USNM 60685); R/V Polarstern, ANDEEP I, Sta. PS-61/042- 6, 3692 m. 28 Jan 2002, box core, (1, ZMH P-27783); Sta. PS-61/046- 3, 2888 m, (1, ZMH P-27784); Sta. PS-61/046-5, 30 Jan 2002, 2893.6 m, box core (1, ZMH P-27785); Sta. PS-61/114- 6, 2905 m (1, ZMH P-27786); Sta. PS-61/114- 8, 2905 m (1, ZMH P-27787; 1, SEM, JAB).—near South Orkney Islands, Eltanin Sta. 7-480, 15 Feb 1963, 58.13°S, 44.85°W GoogleMaps , 2800 m, 2 paratypes ( USNM 56464 View Materials ).—near South Georgia, Eltanin Sta. 9-720, 7 Sep 1963, 56.10°S, 34.02°W GoogleMaps , 2828–2873 m, holotype (USNM 60684).— Weddell Sea , Glacier Sta. 69- 22, 3111 m (3, USNM 46611 View Materials ); Glacier Sta. 68-1, 13 Mar 1969, 73°28.4′S, 30°26.9′W GoogleMaps , 650 m (8 paratypes, USNM 1013915); R/V Polarstern, ANDEEP III ANT XXII-3, R/V Polarstern, Sta. PS-67/078- 4, 2164 m (1, ZMH P-27788); Sta. PS-67/121- 12, 2657 m (1, SEM, JAB); Sta. PS-67/153- 4, 2079 m (1, SEM, JAB).

Description. A small species, mostly represented by posteriorly incomplete specimens; holotype 4 mm long, 0.5 mm wide for 20 setigers; paratype (USNM 60685) 7.5 mm long, 0.5 mm wide for 29 setigers; specimen from (ZMH P-27788) larger, complete in two parts, 13 mm long for about 57 setigers. Color in alcohol: light tan.

Body cylindrical throughout; thoracic region with 11–12 setigerous segments; peristomium and first 3–4 setigers swollen, partially inflated, with segmental boundaries somewhat obscured ( Figs. 22 View FIGURE 22 A, 23A–B); subsequent segments smooth, distinct from one another, with prominent dorsal intersegmental annulations apparent from between setigers 4 and 5; each annulation with medial swollen area, sometimes bearing black reticulated pigment ( Figs. 22 View FIGURE 22 A, 23A–B); ventral annulations apparent from setigers 13–14.

Prostomium elongated, pointed on anterior margin ( Figs. 22 View FIGURE 22 A, 23A–B); no eyespots; nuchal slits observed with SEM ( Fig. 23 View FIGURE 23 B–C); peristomium with one simple achaetous ring.

Setigers 1–2 lacking parapodial appendages, but with well-developed setal fascicles. Notopodia with minute postsetal lamellae from setiger 3 ( Fig. 22 View FIGURE 22 A), becoming longer, cirriform over subsequent segments ( Fig. 22 View FIGURE 22 B); thoracic neuropodia dorsoventrally elongated, with postsetal lamellae present from setiger 3–4 ( Fig. 22 View FIGURE 22 B); initially lamellae fingerlike, becoming triangular near end of thoracic region ( Fig. 22 View FIGURE 22 B); abdominal notopodia, elongate, fingerlike as in thoracic segments ( Fig. 23 View FIGURE 23 E); abdominal neuropodia elongated, flattened, expanded apically, with short ventral cirrus ( Fig. 23 View FIGURE 23 E); interramal cirri absent. Branchiae from setiger 9–10, continuing to end of fragments; each branchia broad basally, somewhat flattened ( Figs. 22 View FIGURE 22 A, 23E).

Thoracic notopodia with fascicles of crenulated capillaries ( Fig. 22 View FIGURE 22 E); with those of setigers 2–5 unusually long ( Fig. 22 View FIGURE 22 A); abdominal notopodia with 2–3 non-crenulated, smooth capillaries and 3–4 furcate setae ( Fig. 22 View FIGURE 22 C). In light microscopy, furcate setae appearing to have a web between two unequal tynes ( Fig. 22 View FIGURE 22 C); in SEM furcate setae observed with a curved array of 8–9 teeth, fused basally, and partly free at tips connecting and fused to tynes; both tynes with a distinct apical opening ( Fig. 23 View FIGURE 23 F). Thoracic neurosetae with 1–2 rows of uncini ( Fig. 22 View FIGURE 22 D) and 2–3 rows of long crenulated capillaries ( Fig. 22 View FIGURE 22 E); uncini blunt tipped, curved, bearing distinct ribs ( Figs. 22 View FIGURE 22 D, 23D); abdominal neuropodia with 2–3 embedded or partially protruding aciculae. Posterior end with two dorsolateral anal cirri (ZMH P-27788).

A juvenile from ANDEEP I Sta. PS-61, 046-5 (ZMH P-2785), 1.5 mm long, and with same expanded thorax and long capillary notosetae found in adults. Thorax with nine setigers, branchiae from setiger 8. Noto- and neuropodia first evident from setiger 3. Fascicles of thoracic noto- and neurosetae fewer than in adults, arranged in no more than two rows; 2–3 neuropodial uncini per fascicle, only found on setigers 3–5, these with distinct ribs along shaft forming shelves along one side, with tip of uncini surrounded by partial hyaline hood on shortest emerging setae; crenulated capillaries with individual facets rib-like, each with finely barbed or serrated border. Abdominal notopodia with narrow, fingerlike lamella, slightly enlarged and rounded apically; abdominal neuropodia expanded, with short ventral cirrus. Abdominal notosetae including 1–2 furcate setae and 3–4 long, minutely serrated capillaries; abdominal neurosetae smooth capillaries or with minute, barely discernible barbs.

Etymology. Bathytatus , Greek for deepest.

Remarks. Scoloplos bathytatus n. sp. is a small deep-sea species that differs from related forms in having a cylindrical body throughout, and unusually long capillary notosetae in anterior setigers. The intersegmental annulations are especially prominent in this species, as is the swollen and elongated anterior end. The closest relative to S. bathytatus n. sp. appears to be S. ehlersi Blake, 1985 , described from sediments near deep-sea hydrothermal vents at the Galápagos Rift off Ecuador. S. ehlersi superficially resembles S. bathytatus n. sp. in size and form, but differs significantly in having branchiae from setiger 21, an anterior abdominal segment, instead of setigers 9–10 ( Blake 1985).

Distribution. Off South America, in subantarctic areas from the Drake Passage to South Georgia, 2800–3463 m; Weddell Sea, 650–3111 m.

ZMH

Zoologisches Museum Hamburg

USNM

Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Annelida

Class

Polychaeta

Family

Orbiniidae

Genus

Scoloplos

Loc

Scoloplos bathytatus

Blake, James A. 2017
2017
Loc

Haploscoloplos kerguelensis:

Hartman 1978: 156
1978
Loc

Scoloplos (Leodamas) marginatus:

Hartman 1978: 156
Hartman 1967: 108
1967
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