Himalayana kathmandu Grismado, 2014

Grismado, Cristian J., Deeleman, Christa, Piacentini, Luis N., Izquierdo, Matías A. & Ramírez, Martín J., 2014, Taxonomic Review Of The Goblin Spiders Of The Genus Dysderoides Fage And Their Himalayan Relatives Of The Genera Trilacuna Tong And Li And Himalayana, New Genus (Araneae: Oonopidae), Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2014 (387), pp. 1-108 : 73-77

Himalayana kathmandu Grismado , new species

Figures 53–65 , 72A–B

TYPES: Male holotype and two female paratypes from Nepal: Bagmati: Kathmandu District: above Gul Bhanjyang , leaf litter and moss in oak forest, 2600 m, Apr. 6, 1981, I. Löbl, A. Smetana ( MHNG PBI_OON 15268 ); one male and two female paratypes from Phulchauki at south of Kathmandu , leaf litter, 2500 m, May 10, 1981, I. Löbl, A. Smetana ( MHNG PBI_OON 15258 ) ; two female paratypes from Sheopuri Mt , Quercus semecarpifolia forest, 2300 m, June 25, 1988, Martens and Ausobsky ( SGN PBI _OON 15984) .

ETYMOLOGY: The specific name is a noun in apposition taken from the type locality.

DIAGNOSIS: H. kathmandu is the largest (> 2 mm total length) and most heavily sclerotized species of the genus, and can be further recognized by the following combination of characteres: males have elongated and gradually tapering copulatory bulb, enlarged palpal femur (figs. 65C–E, 72B) and lack thick setae on the epigastric area (fig. 65B); in females, the internal genitalia are very similar to those of H. martensi , but the lateral apodemes are longer (fig. 72A).

DESCRIPTION: Male (holotype, PBI_OON 15268). Total length 2.10. Cephalothorax: Carapace orange-brown, pars cephalica slightly elevated in lateral view, anteriorly narrowed to 0.49 times its maximum width or less, sides granulate; lateral margin rebordered; nonmarginal pars cephalica and thoracica setae lost (only their bases remain); marginal setae needlelike. Eyes all subequal, PME circular, PLE circular; posterior eye row recurved from both above and front; ALE separated by their radius to diameter, ALE–PLE separated by ALE radius to ALE diameter, PME touching for less than half their length. Sternum longer than wide, lateral margins unmodified, orange; setae densest laterally. Mouthparts: chelicerae orange; fangs directed medially. Endites orange. Abdomen: Dorsum soft portions not visible from above. Book lung covers elliptical. Pedicel tube short. Epigastric scutum not protruding, orange. Postepigastric scutum orange. Spinneret scutum with fringe of needlelike setae. Colulus present. Legs: Orange. Leg spination (all spines longer than segment width): leg I: tibiae v2-2-2-0, meta-tarsi v2-2-0; leg II: tibiae v2-2-2-0, metatarsi v2-2-0. Cuticle with elongated platelets less defined than in Trilacuna , and usually without pores (except on ventral coxae, fig. 60A– D). Trichobothria: tibia: each with three; metatarsus: each with one; opening longitudinally narrowed; hood covered by numerous low, closely spaced transverse ridges, differentiated from the distal plates mainly by being distinctly ridged, and by two lateral incomplete grooves; both are nearly at the same level; basal expansion of trichobothrial setae with annular ridges (fig. 61A–I); tarsal organs with two sensilla visible on palp and legs III–IV, three on legs I–II (fig. 61J–N). Genitalia: Epigastric region with sperm pore small, circular, unmodified. Palp: femur thickened; tibia nearly as long as patella; cymbium ovoid in dorsal view; bulb pale orange, distal part with a dorsal pointed, acute protrusion along the first third of the embolus (slightly curved in the SEM preparations, fig. 62); one dorsal retrolateral and one prolateral accompanying laminae with filiform projections, the latter mostly as a brush only; a bunch of aligned projections near the base of the of the prolateral lamina (fig. 62E). Embolus straight, tip curved to the prolateral side, with distal incised margin (fig. 62H–I).

Female (paratype, PBI_OON 15984). Total length 2.24. As in male except as noted.

Cephalothorax: Carapace orange. Eyes ALE, PME subequal, larger than PLE; PLE–PME separated by less than PME radius. Sternum orange. Palp without spines. Abdomen: Dorsal scutum strongly sclerotized, covering more than 3/4 of abdomen, orange. Epigastric scutum strongly sclerotized, orange. Postepigastric scutum strongly sclerotized, not fused to epigastric scutum, orange. Legs: Patella plus tibia I nearly as long as carapace. Leg spination (all spines longer than segment width): leg I: tibiae v2-2-2-2-0, metatarsi v2- 2-0; leg II: tibiae v2-2-2-0, metatarsi v2-2-0. Genitalia: Copulatoy opening small, marked on a darkened area between the ventral transverse plate (fig. 63H); lateral apodemes relatively long (fig. 72A), small rounded posterior receptacle and T-shaped anterior sclerite visible through the cuticle.

OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED: NEPAL: Bagmati: Kathmandu District: Phulcoki, 2700 m, Oct. 15, 1983, I. Löbl, A. Smetana, 4♀ ( MHNG PBI_OON 15377 ) ; Phulcoki, sifting leaf litter at base of oak trees, 2650 m, Oct. 14, 1983, I. Löbl, A. Smetana, 1♂ ( MHNG PBI_OON 15388 ); 2♀ ( MHNG PBI_OON 15388 ) ; Phulcoki, north face, humid forest, leaf litter at base of rocks, 2600 m, Oct. 16, 1983, I. Löbl, A. Smetana, 1♂ ( MHNG PBI_OON 15520 ) ; Phulcoki, north side, leaf litter, 2500 m, Apr. 28, 1984, to Apr. 29, 1984, I. Löbl, A. Smetana, 7♀ ( MHNG PBI_OON 15664 ); 1♂ ( MHNG PBI_OON 15664 ) ; above and below Chaubas, Rhododendron forest, 2500 m, Apr. 4, 1981, I. Löbl, A. Smetana, 1♂, 1♀ ( MACNAr 28841 , PBI_OON 15266 ) ; Burlung Bhanjyang, in grassland, 2600 m, Apr. 5, 1981, I. Löbl, A. Smetana, 2♂ ( MHNG PBI_ OON 15264 ); 1♀ ( MHNG PBI_OON 15264 ) ; Malemchi, 2800 m, Apr. 14, 1981, I. Löbl, A. Smetana, 1♀ ( MHNG PBI_OON 15263 ) ; Phulchauki, south of Kathmandu, 1700 m, May 10, 1981, I. Löbl, A. Smetana, 1♀ ( MHNG PBI_OON 15267 ) ; Tarke Ghyang, 2650 m, Apr. 19, 1981, I. Löbl, A. Smetana, 1♀ ( MHNG PBI_OON 15261 ) .

DISTRIBUTION: Nepal (Bagmati and Dhawalagiri), between 2300 and 2800 m above the sea level (except for a single record at 1700 m).

Figures

Fig. 53. Himalayana kathmandu, new species, female (PBI_OON 15388). A. Carapace, dorsal view. B. Cephalothorax and appendages, lateral view. C. Carapace, anterior view. D. Ocular area, dorsal view. E. Same, anterior view. F. Chelicerae, anterior view. G. Same, detail of right fang. H. Cephalothorax, ventral view.

Fig. 54. Himalayana kathmandu, new species, female (PBI_OON 15388). A. Sternum, ventral view. B. Endites and labium, ventral view. C. Chelicerae, ventral view. D. Same, detail showing retromarginal denticles. E. Left serrula, ventral view. F. Pedicel, dorsal view. G. Same, ventral view.

Fig. 55. Himalayana kathmandu, new species, female (PBI_OON 15388). A. Carapace margin, dorsal view. B. Sternum, texture of the cuticle. C. Coxa I, ventral view. D. Same, detail of platelets. E. Platelets on coxa IV, ventral view. F. Palpal tibia, dorsal view. G. Tibia I, prolateral view. H. Same, dorsal view. I. Tibia II, dorsal view. J. Tibia III, dorsal view. K. Tibia IV, dorsal view. L. Tarsus IV, dorsal view.

Fig. 56. Himalayana kathmandu, new species, female (PBI_OON 15388). Trichobothria. A. Palpal tibia. B. Tibia I. C. Tibia II. D. Tibia III. E. Tibia IV. F. Metatarsus I. G. Metatarsus II. H. Metatarsus III. I. Metatarsus IV.

Fig. 57. Himalayana kathmandu, new species, female (PBI_OON 15388). Tarsal morphology. A–E. Tarsal claws. A. Leg I, prolateral view. B. Leg II, prolateral view. C. Leg III, retrolateral view. D. Leg IV, retrolateral view. E. Same, dorsal view. F–J. Tarsal organs. F. Palp. G. Leg I. H. Leg II. I. Leg III. J. Leg IV.

Fig. 58. Himalayana kathmandu, new species, male (PBI_OON 15388). A. Carapace, dorsal view. B. Same, lateral view. C. Same, anterior view. D. Cephalothorax, ventral view. E. Chelicerae, anterior view. F. Ocular area, dorsal view. G. Same, anterior view. H. Same, lateral view.

Fig. 59. Himalayana kathmandu, new species, male (PBI_OON 15388). A. Labium, ventral view. B. Serrula. C. Left cheliceral fang, venom outlet. D. Abdomen, ventral view. E. Same, anterior view. F. Pedicel, ventral view. G. Epigastric region, ventral view. H. Same, detail of the sperm pore.

Fig. 60. Himalayana kathmandu, new species, male (PBI_OON 15388). Leg morphology. A. Coxa I, ventral view (arrow = platelet with pore). B. Same, detail of the platelets. C. Coxa III, ventral view (arrow = pore). D. Same, detail of pore. E. Leg IV, prolateral view. F. Same, detail of tibia. G. Same, detail of metatarsus. H. Same, detail of tarsus. I–L. Tarsal claws. I. Leg I, anterior view. J. Leg II, dorsal view. K. Leg III, retrolateral view. L. Leg IV, retrolateral view.

Fig. 61. Himalayana kathmandu, new species, male (PBI_OON 15388). A–I. Trichobothria. A. Palpal tibia. B. Tibia I. C. Tibia II. D. Tibia III. E. Tibia IV. F. Metatarsus I. G. Metatarsus II. H. Metatarsus III. I. Metatarsus IV. J–N. Tarsal organs. J. Palp. K. Leg I. L. Leg II. M. Leg III. N. Leg IV.

Fig. 62. Himalayana kathmandu, new species, male (PBI_OON 15388). Palpal morphology. A. Left palp, prolateral view (arrow = acute dorsal projection). B. Left copulatory bulb, retrolateral view. C. Right bulb, dorsal view. D. Left bulb, apical view. E. Same, detail of the embolus and accompanying laminae, prolateral view. F. Same, retrolateral view. G. Same, anterior view. H. Same, detail of the tip of the embolus, prolateral view. I. Same, closer view.

Fig. 63. Himalayana kathmandu, new species, female (PBI_OON 15984). A. Habitus, dorsal view. B. Same, ventral view. C. Same, lateral view. D. Carapace, dorsal view. E. Same, ventral view. F. Same, lateral view. G. Same, anterior view. H. Epigastric area, ventral view.

Fig. 64. Himalayana kathmandu, new species, male (PBI_OON 15268). A. Habitus, dorsal view. B. Same, ventral view. C. Same, lateral view. D. Carapace, dorsal view. E. Same, ventral view. F. Same, lateral view.

Fig. 65. Himalayana kathmandu, new species, male (PBI_OON 15268). A. Habitus, anterior view. B. Abdomen, ventral view. C. Left palp, retrolateral view. D. Same, dorsal view. E. Same, prolateral view.

Fig. 72. Himalayana spp. genitalia. A, B. Himalayana kathmandu, new species. A. Female (PBI_OON 15258), internal genitalia, dorsal view. AP = apodeme; AS = anterior sclerite; PR = posterior receptacle; TP = transverse plates; arrow = glandular field. B. Male (PBI_OON 15268), left palp, retrolateral view. Arrow = acute dorsal projection; GT = glandular tube). C, D. Himalayana martensi, new species. C. Female (PBI_OON 14923), internal genitalia, dorsal view. D. Male (PBI_OON 14923), left palp, prolateral view. E, F. Himalayana castanopsis, new species. E. female (PBI_OON 15747), internal genitalia, dorsal view. F. Male (PBI_OON 15978), left palp, prolateral view.