Glenognatha caparu, Cabra-García & Brescovit, 2016

Jimmy Cabra-García & Antonio D. Brescovit, 2016, Revision and phylogenetic analysis of the orb-weaving spider genus Glenognatha Simon, 1887 (Araneae, Tetragnathidae), Zootaxa 4069 (1), pp. 1-183 : 85-89

Glenognatha caparu new species

( Figs. 67–70 , 133 )

Types. Male holotype from Estación Biológica Caparu, Lago Taraira. Taraira, Vaupés, Colombia, [1º4´S, 69º29´W], elev. [128m], 11.iv.2004, J. Pinzón leg., deposited in ICN 5979 ; Paratypes: 2♂ 1♀ from the type locality, same data as the holotype, deposited in ICN 5980 ; 1♂ 1♀ from Igarapé forest of upper Rio Yaciba, [Amazonas], Venezuela, [1º14´N, 66º44´W], elev. [109m], 7.xii.1953, W. M. Beebe leg., deposited in AMNH ; 1 ♂ from Estação Científica Ferreira Penna , Melgaço, Pará, Brazil, 1º43´21.6´´S, 51º25´51.2´´W, elev. [40m], 1993– 2009?, A. B. Bonaldo leg., deposited in MPEG 19083 ; 1♂ from 15 km E Puerto Maldonado , Madre de Dios, Peru, 12º33´S, 69º3´W, elev. 200m, 10.vii.1989, D. Silva leg., deposited in MUSM 0 504904.

Etymology. The species epithet is a noun in apposition taken from the type locality.

Diagnosis. Males of G. caparu can be distinguished from all other Glenognatha species by the presence of small sharpened projections on the conductor lamina ( Figs. 69C , 71H ). Females resemble those of G. mendezi and G. lacteovittata in having a conspicuously enlarged Ret1 ( Fig. 68C ). They are distinguished from the former in having numerous gland ducts on the spermathecae ( Figs. 70C–D ) and from the latter in having well-developed spermathecae ( Figs. 70C–D ).

Male (holotype). Habitus as in Figures 67 A –D . Carapace yellow-brownish, darker along furrows. Sternum dark brown, with dusky bands oriented towards the median region. Abdomen spherical, dorsally with irregular pattern of two longitudinal black bands on sides and some dark patches on the postero-median region. Silver guanine spots scattered in the entire dorsal surface and the median lateral surfaces. Venter with a diffused dusky median band, darker around epigastric furrow and two lighter lateral bands with some silver guanine spots. Legs light yellow-brownish with distal parts of segments darker. Tracheal spiracle well-sclerotized. Total length 2.62. Cephalothorax 1.17 long, 0.85 wide, 0.62 high. Abdomen 1.60 long, 1.15 wide, 1.15 high. Sternum 0.52 long, 0.53 wide.

Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.09. ALE 0.08. PME 0.08. PLE 0.07. AME-AME 0.08, AME-ALE 0.12, PME-PME 0.09, PME-PLE 0.11, ALE-PLE 0.01. Clypeus height 1.66. Chelicerae with the same coloration of the cephalothorax. Three promarginal and four retromarginal teeth ( Figs. 68 A –C ) Anterior tooth present ( Figs. 68 A, C ). Cheliceral fang outgrowth well-developed ( Fig. 68 A ). Leg measurements: I: femur 1.45, patella 0.37, tibia 1.55, metatarsus 1.25, tarsus 0.65, total 5.27; II: 1.25, 0.35, 1.27, 1.20, 0.55, 4.62; III: 0.92, 0.25, 0.63, 0.70, 0.45, 2.96; IV: 1.27, 0.27, 1.02, 1.00, 0.47, 4.05. DTS 0.17. DTE 0.52. Palp as in Figures 69E–H . Conductor with rugose texture ( Figs. 69C , 71H ). Embolus straight with 180º curved tip ( Figs. 69D , 70F–I ).

Female (paratype AMNH). Habitus as in Figures 67E–H . Carapace brown, darker along furrows, with a median longitudinal dusky band. Sternum dark brown, darker on the edges. Abdomen spherical, strongly depigmentated, dorsally with dusky patches. Silver guanine spots absent. Venter with a diffused dusky median band, and two lighter bands on sides. Gonopore region and book lung covers lighter. Legs light yellow-brownish with distal parts of segments darker. Tracheal spiracle well-sclerotized. Total length 3.1. Cephalothorax 1.45 long, 0.97 wide, 0.70 high. Abdomen 1.67 long, 1.55 wide, 1.60 high. Sternum 0.65 long, 0.62 wide. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.09. ALE 0.08. PME 0.08. PLE 0.06. AME-AME 0.08, AME-ALE 0.13, PME-PME 0.10, PME-PLE 0.12, ALE-PLE 0.01. Clypeus height 2.22. Chelicerae slightly darker than the cephalothorax. Three promarginal and four retromarginal teeth ( Figs. 68 D-F). Ret1 enlarged ( Figs. 68 E-F). Leg measurements: I: femur 1.90, patella 0.40, tibia 1.90, metatarsus 1.72, tarsus 0.82, total 6.75; II: 1.93, 0.42, 1.65, 1.25, 0.75, 6.01; III: 1.17, 0.42, 0.77, 0.90, 0.47, 3.75; IV: 1.57, 0.32, 1.35, 1.15, 0.52, 4.92. DTS 0.30. DTE 0.50. Tracheal system as in Figures 70L–M . Spermathecae well-developed ( Figs. 70 A –E ). Uterus externus divided in three portions ( Fig. 70B ).

Variation. Male total length 2.0–2.7 (N = 10; average 2.4), cephalothorax length 1.0–1.2 (N = 10; average 1.1), femur I length 1.3–1.6 (N = 10; average 1.5). Female total length 2.3–3.1 (N = 5; average 2.6), cephalothorax length 1.0–1.4 (N = 5; average 1.2), femur I length 1.2–1.9 (N = 5; average 1.6).

Distribution. Known from Amazonian regions of Colombia, Bolivia, Peru, Brazil, Venezuela and Suriname ( Fig. 133 ).

Additional material examined (N = 16). PERU: Loreto: P.N. Pacaya-Samiria Pithecia , 5º6´S, 74º50´W, elev. 100m, 16.viii.1989, D. Silva leg., 1♂ 3♀ 6 immature ( MUSM 0504921 ) . Madre de Dios: Zona Reservada de Manu, Puesto de Vigilancia., Pakitsa , 11º58´S, 71º18´W, elev. [425m], 6.x.1987, D. Silva & J. Coddington leg., 1 ♀ ( USNM) . SURINAME: [Para] : Carolina Creek, 10km from Zanderij , [5º27´N, 55º12´W], elev. [27 m], B. Malkin leg., 1♂ ( AMNH) . BOLIVIA: Beni: Rio Benicito, Chacobo Indian Village , 12º30´S, 66ºW], elev. [156m], 10.31. vii.1960, B. Malkin leg., 1 ♀ ( AMNH) . BRAZIL: Amazonas: Barcelos, Terra Indigena Yanomani, [0º58´24.96´´S, 62º55´38.3´´W], elev. [31m], 21.x.2006, Nogueira & Braga-Neto leg., 1♂ ( INPA) . Rondônia: Guajará-Mirim, Parque Estadual Guajará, [10º48´41.98´´S, 66º18´41.36´´W], elev. [132m], 18.i—13.iv.1998, Lawne J. Vitte & T. C. Ávila-Pires leg., 1♂ 1♀ ( MCTP 11373 ) .

Figures

FIGURE 67. Glenognatha caparu new species from Colombia. A – D, male habitus (Holotype, ICN 5979). A, dorsal. B, lateral. C, ventral. D, frontal. E – H, female habitus from Venezuela (AMNH). E, dorsal. F, lateral. G, ventral. H, frontal. Scale bars, 200 µm. TS: posterior tracheal spiracle.

FIGURE 68. Glenognatha caparu new species from Colombia (Paratypes, ICN 5980). A – C, male left chelicerae. A, anterior. B, posterior. C, mesal. D – F, female left chelicerae. D, anterior. E, posterior. F, mesal. Scale bars, 100 µm. AT: anterior tooth. CFO: cheliceral fang outgrowth. Prt: promarginal tooth. Ret: retromarginal tooth.

FIGURE 69. Glenognatha caparu new species from Colombia. A – D, male left palp, schematic (Paratype, ICN 5980). A, ventral. B, conductor, ventral. C, conductor, dorsal. D, embolus, ventral. E – H, male left palp (Holotype, ICN 5979). E, ventral. F, dorsal. G, prolateral. H, retrolateral. Scale bars, 100 µm. C: conductor. CB: cymbium. CRa: conductor retrolateral apophysis. E: embolus. ED: ejaculatory duct. EMg: embolic medial groove. P: paracymbium. T: tegulum.

FIGURE 70. Glenognatha caparu new species. A – E, female genitalia. A, dorsal. B, ventral (arrow, uterus externus distal portion). C, lateral. D – E, spermathecae and copulatory duct. F – I, embolus and conductor. F, ventral. G, anteroventral. H, dorsal (arrow, sharpened projections). I, dorsoretrolateral. J, paracymbium. K, tarsal organ. L – M, female tracheal system. L, dorsal. M, median trunk. Scale bars, 20 µm (A – C, F – L), 10 µm (D – E, M). C: conductor. CD: copulatory duct. CRa: conductor retrolateral apophysis. E: embolus. EMg: embolic medial groove. LSD: long-stem ducts. LT: lateral trunk. MC: membranous chamber. MT: median trunk. PBP: paracymbium basal portion. PDP: paracymbium distal portion. S: spermathecae. T: tegulum. UE: uterus externus.

FIGURE 71. Glenognatha caaguara new species from Brazil. A – D, male habitus (MCTP 13771). A, dorsal. B, lateral. C, ventral. D, frontal. E – H, female habitus (MCTP 17493). E, dorsal. F, lateral. G, ventral. H, frontal. Scale bars, 200 µm. TS: posterior tracheal spiracle.

FIGURE 133. Distribution of G. caparu new species, G. camisea new species, G. januari new species and G. caaguara new species.