Glenognatha boraceia, Cabra-García & Brescovit, 2016

Jimmy Cabra-García & Antonio D. Brescovit, 2016, Revision and phylogenetic analysis of the orb-weaving spider genus Glenognatha Simon, 1887 (Araneae, Tetragnathidae), Zootaxa 4069 (1), pp. 1-183 : 21-25

Glenognatha boraceia new species

( Figs. 9–13 , 130 )

Types. Male holotype from Estação Biológica Boracéia , Salesópolis, São Paulo, Brazil, 23º39´20.6´´S, 45º53´28.6´´W, elev. [900m], 1.iv.2001, S.T.P. Amarante e Equipe leg., deposited in MZSP 41270 ; Paratypes: 4♂ 1♀ same data as the holotype, deposited in MZSP 42538 ; 1♂ from the type locality, 9.v.2003, G. R. S. Ruiz leg., deposited in IBSP 38325.

Etymology. The species epithet is a noun in apposition taken from the type locality.

Diagnosis. Males of Glenognatha boraceia resemble those of G. lacteovittata and G. florezi by the short distal portion of the paracymbium ( Fig. 11H ) and the embolic medial groove confined to the inner surface of the embolus ( Fig. 13B ). It can be distinguished from the two latter species by the absence of a prolaterally oriented distal fold on the conductor lamina ( Figs. 11B , 13 A ). Females resemble those of G. lacteovittata and G. florezi by the median projection of the uterus externus ( Fig. 12 A ); distinguished from the former by the presence of one posterior bulge on the cheliceral basal segment ( Figs. 9E , 10F ) and from the latter by the position of the posterior bulge, which is located at the level of Ret2 and Ret 3 in mesal view ( Fig. 10F ).

Male (holotype). Habitus as in Figures 9 A –C . Carapace yellow-brownish, darker along furrows. Sternum dusky yellow-brownish with darker edges. Abdomen oval, strongly depigmentated, dorsally with two diffused black patches at posterior region. Silver guanine spots absent. Ventrally with diffused black areas posterior to the tracheal spiracle. Legs light yellow-brownish. Total length 2.00. Cephalothorax 1.02 long, 0.80 wide, 0.62 high. Abdomen 1.00 long, 0.80 wide, 0.80 high. Sternum 0.50 long, 0.55 wide. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.07. ALE 0.06. PME 0.09. PLE 0.04. AME-AME 0.04, AME-ALE 0.06, PME-PME 0.10, PME-PLE 0.09, ALE- PLE 0.01. Clypeus height 2.67. Chelicerae divergent, with the same coloration of the cephalothorax. Three promarginal and four retromarginal teeth ( Figs. 10 A –C ). CFO present ( Fig. 10 A ). Leg measurements: I: femur 1.57, patella 0.30, tibia 1.55, metatarsus 1.32, tarsus 0.57, total 5.32; II: 1.45, 0.27, 1.50, 1.25, 0.55, 5.02; III: 0.95, 0.25, 0.75, 0.75, 0.42, 3.12; IV: 1.22, 0.27, 1.05, 0.97, 0.50, 4.02. DTS 0.11. DTE 0.55. Spinnerets as in Figures 13D–E . AG-FL triplet absent ( Fig. 13E ). Palp as in Figures 11E–H . Paracymbium with short distal portion ( Fig. 11H ). Conductor lamina sinuous without distal prolaterally oriented fold ( Figs. 11B , 13 A ). Embolus smooth without projections ( Figs. 13B–C ). Embolus medial groove limited to the inner surface, as seen in ventral view ( Figs. 11 A , 13 A ).

Female (paratype MZSP 41270). Coloration and general habitus as in male ( Figs. 9E–G ). Abdomen with scattered silver guanine spots dorsally along the median region and in the lateral surfaces. Venter with diffused greyish patches between the spinnerets and the tracheal spiracle. Total length 2.62. Cephalothorax 1.05 long, 0.80 wide, 0.70 high. Abdomen 1.47 long, 1.28 wide, 1.25 high. Sternum 0.5 long, 0.55 wide. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.07. ALE 0.05. PME 0.09. PLE 0.06. AME-AME 0.06, AME-ALE 0.05, PME-PME 0.11, PME-PLE 0.07, ALE-PLE 0.01. Clypeus height 2.10. Chelicerae with the same coloration of the cephalothorax, with three promarginal and four retromarginal teeth on left chelicera ( Figs. 10D–F ) and three teeth on each margin on right chelicera. Basal segment of the chelicerae with a distinct posterior bulge ( Figs. 9E , 10F ). Leg measurements: I: femur 1.50, patella 0.35, tibia 1.40, metatarsus 1.20, tarsus 0.55, total 5.00; II: 1.42, 0.32, 1.35, 1.15, 0.67, 4.92; III: 1.00, 0.25, 0.65, 0.77, 0.42, 3.10; IV: 1.27, 0.25, 1.05, 1.02, 0.47, 4.07. DTS 0.20. DTE 0.77. Tracheal system as Figures 12C–F . Genitalia without spermathecae ( Figs. 12 A –B ). UE with a median projection ( Fig. 12 A ).

Variation. Male total length 1.7–2.0 (N = 10; average 1.9), cephalothorax length 0.8–1.2 (N = 10; average 0.9), femur I length 1.3–1.6 (N = 10; average 1.5). Female total length 2.1–2.6 (N = 3; average 2.2), cephalothorax length 0.7–1.0 (N = 3; average 0.9), femur I length 1.3–1.5 (N = 3; average 1.4).

Distribution. Known only from the type locality in southeastern Brazil ( Fig. 130 ).

Additional material examined (N = 13). BRAZIL: São Paulo: Salesópolis, Estação Biológica Boracéia [23º39´S, 45º33´W], elev. [900m], 22–23.ii.1961, P. Biasi leg., 1♂ ( MZSP 11062 ) ; 1.ii.1961, K. Lenko leg., 1♂ (MZSP 11551); 23º39´5.8´´S, 45º33´44.6´´W, 1.iv.2001 (sweeping net), 1♀ (MZSP 39047); Trilha dos Pilões , 23º39´1.9´´S, 45º53´36´´W, 4.iv.2001, (sweeping net), 2♂ 1♀ ( MZSP 39043 ) ; 23º39´5.5´´S, 45º53´42.9´´W, 3– 6.iv.2001, 1♂ (MZSP 39046); 23º39´11´´S, 45º53´57´´W, 1.iv.2001, (sweeping net), 2♂ (MZSP 39044); 23º39´2.9´´S, 45º53´39´´W, 1.iv.2001, (sweeping net), 1 immature (MZSP 41464); 23º39´2.2´´S, 45º53´37´´W, 1– 3.iv.2001, 1 immature (MZSP 39045); 23º39´1.9´´S, 45º53´36´´W, 1.iv.2001, (sweeping net), 2♂ (MZSP 39048), all collected by S.T.P. Amarante e Equipe.

Figures

FIGURE 9. Glenognatha boraceia new species from Brazil. A – D, male habitus (MZSP 42538). A, dorsal. B, lateral. C, ventral. D, frontal. E – H, female habitus (MZSP 42538). E, dorsal (arrow, cheliceral bulge). F, lateral. G, ventral. H, frontal. Scale bars, 200 µm. TS: posterior tracheal spiracle.

FIGURE 10. Glenognatha boraceia new species from Brazil. A – C, male left chelicerae (MZSP 42538). A, anterior. B, posterior. C, mesal. D – F, female left chelicerae (MZSP 39047). D, anterior. E, posterior. F, mesal (arrow, cheliceral bulge). Scale bars, 100 µm. CFO: cheliceral fang outgrowth. Ret: retromarginal tooth.

FIGURE 11. Glenognatha boraceia new species from Brazil (MZSP 42538). A – D, male left palp, schematic. A, ventral. B, conductor, ventral. C, conductor, dorsal. D, embolus, ventral. E – H, male left palp. E, ventral. F, dorsal. G, prolateral. H, retrolateral. Scale bars, 100 µm. C: conductor. CB: cymbium. CRa: conductor retrolateral apophysis. E: embolus. ED: ejaculatory duct. P: paracymbium. T: tegulum. TO: tarsal organ.

FIGURE 12. Glenognatha boraceia new species from Brazil. A – B, female genitalia. A, dorsal. B, lateral. C – F, female tracheal system. C, dorsal. D, median trunk. E, lateral trunk. F, tracheal spiracle, posterior view. Scale bars, 20 µm (A – B), 100 µm (C), 10 µm (D – F). LT: lateral tracheae. MC: membranous chamber. MT: median trunks. TAG: tracheal atrium gland. UE: uterus externus.

FIGURE 13. Glenognatha boraceia new species from Brazil. A – C, male left palp. A, ventral. B, embolus and conductor, ventral. C, embolus and conductor, dorsal. D – E, male spinnerets. D, PMS. E, PLS. Scale bars 100 µm (A), 50 µm (B – C), 30 µm (D – E). AC: aciniform gland spigot. C: conductor. CB: cymbium. CRa: conductor retrolateral apophysis. E: embolus. EMg: embolic medial groove. mAP: minor ampullate gland spigot. P: paracymbium. T: tegulum.

FIGURE 130. Distribution of G. boraceia new species, G. lacteovittata and G. florezi new species.