Hylicinae

Viraktamath, C. A. & Yeshwanth, H. M., 2023, Leafhopper subfamily Hylicinae (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Cicadellidae) in the Indian subcontinent with description of new species, Zootaxa 5319 (4), pp. 451-500 : 455

Key to genera of Hylicinae of the Indian subcontinent

(Modified from Viraktamath & Webb 1991)

1. Crown distinctly longer than combined length of pronotum and exposed mesonotum, pronotum with straight sublateral carinae ( Fig. 3A, B )............................................................................... Nacolus Jacobi

- Crown about as long as or shorter than combined length of pronotum and exposed mesonotum ( Figs 1A, E , 2A , 3E , 4A ); pronotum without sublateral carinae ( Figs 4A, C , 5A, B ) (except in Hylica wherein carinae are oblique, Fig. 5E, H )....... 2

2. Crown median length shorter than distance between eyes ( Figs 1E , 5C ).......................................... 3

- Crown median length longer than distance between eyes...................................................... 4

3. Crown rounded in front, meta femora with distal setae 2+1+1+1 and borne on apical ridge-like extension; ocelli closer to posterior margin of eyes; anterior half of mesoscutellum not crested in profile ( Fig.1F )................... Balala Distant

- Crown triangular in front ( Fig. 5C ); meta femora with distal setae 2+1+1 and not borne on apical ridge-like extension; ocelli closer to anterior margins of eyes; anterior half of mesoscutellum crested in profile ( Fig. 5D ).......... Hemisudra Schmidt

4. Pronotum tuberculate ( Fig. 5E–H ); pregenital abdominal segments with dentate lateral margins ( Fig. 12C–E ).... Hylica Stål

- Pronotum smooth, not tuberculate ( Figs 1A , 2A , 3E , 4A , 6G , 7A ; pregenital abdominal segments with smooth lateral margin5

5. Crown longer than median length of pronotum ( Figs 1A , 2A , 3A , 4A )........................................... 6

- Crown shorter than median length of pronotum ( Figs 2E , 6G , 7A )............................................... 8

6. Crown distad of ocelli with one or more pairs of tubercles ( Figs 4A , 7G–J , 8A–H )), apices of forewings truncate ( Figs 4A , 14M ).................................................................................. Traiguma Distant

- Crown distad of ocelli without tubercles ( Figs1A, B , 2A, B , 5A, B ); apices of forewings rounded ( Figs 13D , 14D, 14J ).... 7

7. Crown with lateral margins carinate and reflexed almost at right angle ( Fig. 1A, B ); disc of crown concave Assiringia Distant

- Crown with lateral margins not carinate and reflexed; anterior projection of head with only a dorsal and ventral carinate ridges ( Figs 2A–C , 5A, B )...................................................................... Hatigoria Distant

8. Pronotum with lateral margins feebly carinate, mesoscutum with dorsomedian carina ( Figs 3E, F , 7C–E )...... Sudra Distant

- Pronotum with lateral margins strongly carinate and mesoscutum without dorsomedian carina ( Figs 2E, F , 6G, H , 7A, B )........................................................................................... Kalasha Distant

Figures

FIGURES 1A–H. Hylicinae genera Assiringia and Balala, habitus. A–D, Assiringia exhibita Distant, syntype male: A, dorsal view; B, lateral view; C, face, D, label data. E–H, Balala fulviventris (Walker), holotype male: E, dorsal view; F, lateral view; G, face, H, label data.

FIGURES 2A–H. Hylicinae genera Hatigoria and Kalasha, habitus.A–D, Hatigoria praeiens Distant, syntype male:A, dorsal view; B, lateral view; C, face, D, label data. E–H, Kalasha nativa Distant, holotype male: E, dorsal view; F, lateral view; G, face, H, label data.

FIGURES 3A–H. Hylicinae genera Nacolus and Sudra, habitus. A–D, Nacolus assamensis Distant, a junior synonym of Nacolus tuberculatus (Walker), syntype male: A, dorsal view; B, lateral view; C, face, D, label data. E–H, Sudra notanda Distant, topotype: E, dorsal view; F, lateral view; G, face, H, label data.

FIGURES 4A–D. Traiguma nasuta Distant, lectotype female, habitus. A, dorsal view; B, lateral view; C, face, D, label data.

FIGURES 5A–H. Species of Hylicinae, habitus, dorsal and lateral view.A–B, Hatigoria zhangi sp. nov., holotype male; C–D, Hemisudra indica sp. nov., holotype male; E–H, Hylica paradoxa Stål, male (EF) and female (GH) from Thailand.

FIGURES 6A–H. Species of Hylicinae, habitus, dorsal and lateral view. A–B, Hylica paradoxa Stål, female from Nepal; C–F Hylica scutealba Tang & Zhang, male (CD) and female (EF); G–H, Kalasha confusa sp. nov., holotype male.

FIGURES 7A–J. Species of Hylicinae, habitus, dorsal and lateral view. A–B, Kalasha manikya sp. nov., holotype male; C–D, Sudra manipurensis sp. nov., holotype male; E–F, Sudra notanda male from Thailand, G–J Traiguma nasuta Distant, males from Naduvattam (GH) and Thai shola (IJ).

FIGURES 8A–H. Species of Hylicinae, habitus, dorsal and lateral view. A–D, Traiguma nielsoni Viraktamath & Webb, paratype male (AB) and female (CD); E–H, Traiguma verticalis Distant, male (EF) and female (GH).

FIGURES 12A–L. Species of Hylicinae, male and female abdomen dorsal view. A, Hatigoria zhangi sp. nov.; B, Hemisudra indica sp. nov.; C–D, Hylica paradoxa Stål, male (C) and female (D); E, Hylica scutealba Tang & Zhang, male; F, Kalasha confusa sp. nov.; G, Nacolus tuberculatus (Walker); H, Sudra manipurensis sp. nov.; I, Sudra notanda Distant, male; J, Traiguma nasuta Distant, male; K, Traiguma nielsoni Viraktamath & Webb, male; L, Traiguma verticalis Distant, male.

FIGURES 13A–L. Forewings (A, D, G, J), hind wings (B, E, H, K) and magnified view of costal margin (C, F, I, L) of Hylicinae. A–C, Balala mekongia Tang & Zhang from Thailand; D–F, Hatigoria zhangi sp. nov.; G–I, Hemisudra indica sp. nov.; J–L, Hylica paradoxa Stål.

FIGURES 14A–O. Forewings (A, D, G, J, M), hind wings (B, E, H, K, N) and magnified view of costal margin (C, F, I, L, O) of Hylicinae. A–C, Hylica scutealba Tang & Zhang; D–F, Kalasha manikya sp. nov.; G–I, Nacolus tuberculatus (Walker); J–L, Sudra manipurensis sp. nov.; M–O, Traiguma verticalis Distant.