Antikuna majkusi Kaderka, Ferretti & Lüddecke, 2021

Kaderka, Radan, Ferretti, Nelson, Hüsser, Martin, Lüddecke, Tim & West, Rick, 2021, Antikuna, a new genus with seven new species from Peru (Araneae: Theraphosidae: Theraphosinae) and the highest altitude record for the family, Journal of Natural History 55 (21 - 22), pp. 1335-1402 : 1352-1370

Antikuna majkusi Kaderka, Ferretti & Lüddecke , sp. nov.

( Figures 19–26 and 49 , Tables 5 and 6)

Types: Male holotype ( MUSM ENT 0511141 , formerly RKCP 0786 ) from Peru, Ayacucho, Yauriviri , 3,836 m a .s .l., 2011, M . Černička col ., female paratype ( MUSM-ENT 0514013 , formerly RKCP 0785 ) from Peru, Ayacucho, Yauriviri , 3,836 m a .s .l., 2011, M . Černička col .

Etymology: The specific name is a patronym in honour to RNDr. Zdenek Majkus (1943– Table 4. Antikuna cyanofemur sp. nov. Female paratype (MUSM-ENT 0513029) from Waytapallana, Huancayo, Junín, Peru. Lengths of palpal and leg segments.

2018), an important Czech arachnologist, outstanding university teacher, and a member of Czech arachnological society.

Diagnosis: The males of Antikuna majkusi sp. nov. differ from all other congeners in having uniformly dark brown legs ( Figure 19 ), a spatulate retrolateral branch of tibial apophyses without spines and bipartite tegular protuberance of palpal bulb (a deep depression divides the protuberance in two parts) ( Figure 22 ). The females differ from all other congeners in having black legs and black abdomen dorsally covered with long reddish-brown setae, and in the shape of spermathecae ( Figure 26 ).

Distribution ( Figure 49 ): Known only from the type locality.

MALE (MUSM ENT 0511141, formerly RKCP 0786) ( Figures 19 – 23 ): Total length: 20.38, carapace length 8.75, width 8.83, chelicerae with 10 teeth on promargin. Cheliceral teeth pattern from basal end: right side: V-V-VVVVVVVv, 1 small and 9 big teeth. Left side: vV- V-V-VVVVVV, 1 small and 9 big teeth. Anterior eye row procurved, posterior eye row recurved. Eye sizes and interdistances ( Figure 21D ): AME 0.29 (circular), ALE 0.46 (oval), PME 0.33 (oval), PLE 0.35 (oval), AME-AME 0.23, AME-ALE 0.12, PME-PME 0.60, PME-PLE 0.13, ALE-PLE 0.23, AME-PME 0.10, OQ length 0.91, width 1.48. Ocular tubercle length 1.43, width 1.48, clypeus absent. Fovea transverse, straight, deep, width 1.31, 5.73 from anterior edge of carapace. Labium length 1.42, width 1.78, anterior third with 8 cuspules, maxillae with 94 – 97 cuspules in basal half. Apical half with spiniform setae. Sternum length 4.52, width 3.61, three pairs of sternal sigilla located near coxae III (length 0.23, 0.40 from edge of sternum), coxae II (length 0.16, 0.23 from edge of sternum) and coxae I (length 0.1, 0.21 from edge of sternum). Leg pattern: I>IV>II>III. Incrassate leg segments: slightly incrassate femur III. Maxillary and trochanteral stridulatory bristles absent.

Scopulae: All tarsi 100% densely scopulate, metatarsi I 100%, metatarsi II 70%, metatarsi III 50%, metatarsi IV 20% scopulate. Tarsal scopulae I undivided, tarsal scopulae II divided by a line of setae, tarsal scopulae III divided by a narrow longitudinal band of setae, tarsal scopulae IV divided by a wide longitudinal band of setae. Dorsal face of all tarsi and cymbium with two irregular longitudinal rows of very short claviform trichobothria. Denticulation pattern of paired tarsal claws on right legs (prolateral/retrolateral row): I 1/1, II 2/2, III 2/3, IV 4/3. Plumose setae on retrolateral face of femur IV absent.

Spination: femora I p 0-1-2, d 1-0-0, II p 0-1-1, d 1-0-0, III p 0-1-2, r 1-1-1, IV p 0-0-1, r 0-0-1 and femora of palps p 0-0-1; patellae I v 0-0-3 (a), II 0, III p 0-1-0, IV 0 and patellae of palps 0; tibiae I v 2-2-0, p 1-1-1, r 1-1-2, II v 2-1-3 (apical), p 2-1-1, r 2-1-1, III v 2-1-2 (apical), p 1-1-0, r 1-1-1, IV v 3-3-2 (apical), p 1-0-1, r 1-0-1 and tibiae of palps v 1-1-0, p 0-1-0; metatarsi I v 0-0-1 (apical), p 0-1-0, r 0-1-0, II v 0-1-4 (apical), p 1-1-1, r 2-1-1, III p 2-2-5 (a), p 1-1-1, r 2-1-1, IV v 3-2-2-3 (apical), p 1-1-1, r 1-1-0, tarsi I – IV and tarsi of palps 0.

Palpal organ as in Figure 22 , embolus short and tapering, retrolaterally curved, carrying four keels, PS, PI, A and SA keel. PS keel is subparallel with PI keel, PI keel terminates in a small semioval apical lobe. Except of this lobe, PS and PI keel are more developed in their basal halves reaching the tegulum. A keel is indistinct. SA keel terminates in a small tooth. Tegulum with short granulated apophysis, projecting anteriorly. Sperm pore is located between PI and A keel. Retrolateral lobe of cymbium without short spiniform setae. Prolateral cymbial lobe is distinctly larger than retrolateral one. Retrolateral face of palpal tibia without subapical process and without a field of short spiniform setae ( Figure 23 (a)). Two unequal subapical apophyses are present on tibia I ( Figure 23 (b)): a longer retrolateral tibial apophysis with a spatulate apex without spines, a shorter prolateral tibial apophysis with single, retrolateral spine, approximately of two-third of the length of prolateral tibial apophysis. Metatarsus I not sigmoidly curved and without basal or median protuberance on retrolateral face. When flexed, metatarsus I contacts both tibial apophysis.

Abdomen ( Figure 21 (c)): urticating setae of type III are located in central patch. Size of the patch: length 4.91, width 5.73. PLS: length 3.87, basal segment 1.64, middle segment 0.96, apical segment 1.27, all digitiform. PMS: 1.01.

Colouration and covering setae: dorsal view ( Figure 19 ): carapace, chelicerae, coxae and trochantera covered with golden pubescence, femora black with olive iridescence, patellae, tibiae, metatarsi black with golden pubescence, tarsi black. Apical ends of femora, patellae, tibiae and metatarsi with white rings. Patellae I, II and palpal patella with two equal longitudinal stripes covered with golden setae, patellae III, IV with two such unequal diagonal stripes. Abdomen black with long rufous setae. Ventral view: labium, sternum, maxillae dark reddish brown, legs and abdomen black, both covered with long pale setae. Spinnerets black.

FEMALE (MUSM-ENT 0514013, formerly RKCP 0785) ( Figure 24 ): Total length: 23.03, carapace length 10.51, width 9.79, chelicerae with 10 – 11 teeth on promargin. Cheliceral teeth pattern from basal end: right side: VVVVVVVVVV, 10 big teeth. Left side: vVVVVVVVVVv, 9 big and 2 small teeth. Anterior eye row procurved, posterior eye row recurved. Eye sizes and interdistances ( Figure 25 (d)): AME 0.29 (circular), ALE 0.47 (oval), PME 0.35 (drop-like), PLE 0.34 (oval), AME-AME 0.26, AME-ALE 0.12, PME-PME 0.68, PME- PLE 0.13, ALE-PLE 0.27, AME-PME 0.19, OQ length 1.014, width 1.586. Ocular tubercle: length 1.456, width 1.586, clypeus narrow, 0.130 long. Fovea transverse, procurved, width 1.63, 6.82 from anterior edge of carapace. Labium length 1.600, width 2.134, anterior third with 8 cuspules, maxillae with 130 – 131 cuspules in anterior basal third and short spiniform setae in apical half. Ventral maxilla roof-like with distinct longitudinal ridge. Labiosternal sigilla joined. Sternum length 4.95, width 4.32, with three visible pairs of sternal sigilla located near coxae III (length 0.43, 0.47 from edge of sternum), coxae II (length 0.29, 0.29 from edge of sternum) and coxae I. Leg pattern: IV>I> II>III. All leg segments uniform.

Scopulae: All tarsi 100% densely scopulate, metatarsi I 100%, metatarsi II 80%, metatarsi III 70%, metatarsi IV 25% scopulate. Tarsal scopulae I integral, tarsal scopulae II divided by a narrow longitudinal band of setae, in tarsi III–IV divided by a wide band of setae. Dorsal face of all tarsi and cymbium with two irregular longitudinal rows of very short claviform trichobothria. Denticulation pattern of paired tarsal claws on right legs (prolateral/retrolateral row): I 2/2, II 2/3, III 2/3, IV 4/3, all teeth very small. Plumose setae on retrolateral face of femur IV absent.

Spination: femora I, II and III p 0-0-1 and femora of palps p 0-0-1, patellae I – IV and patellae of palps 0, tibiae I 0, II p 0-1-1, III p 0-1-0, r 0-1-0, IV v 1-1-1, r 1-0-1 and tibiae of palps v 1-2-3 (apical), metatarsi I v 0-0-1 (apical), II v 0-2-4 (apical), III v 3-3-5 (apical), p 1-1-1, r 0-0-1, IV v 3-3-1-4 (apical), p 0-1-1, r 0-1-1, tarsi I – IV and tarsi of palps 0.

Spermathecae ( Figure 26 ): two separated seminal receptacles with distinct granulation.

Abdomen: urticating setae of type III are located in oval central patch. PLS: length 4.40, basal segment 1.93, middle segment 1.03, apical segment 1.44, all digitiform. PMS: 1.31.

Colouration and covering setae:dorsal view ( Figure 24 ): carapace dark brown covered with golden pubescen, legs black with long pale setae. Patellae I, II and palpal patella with two equal parallel longitudinal stripes covered with pale setae, patellae III, IV with two unequal diagonal stripes. Abdomen ( Figure 25 (c)) covered with short black setae, intermixed with long, pale setae, except oval central patch which is light brown. Length of central patch: 4.17, width 5.59. Ventral view: maxillae and labium reddish-brown, sternum and coxae grey, legs dark grey. Abdomen black, booklungs brown. Spinnerets black.

Figures

Figure 19. Antikuna majkusi sp. nov. from Peru, Ayacucho, Yauriviri, habitus of mature male holotype (MUSM ENT 0511141, formerly RKCP 0787). Scale bar = 10 mm. Photo by R. Kaderka.

Figure 20. Antikuna majkusi sp. nov. from Peru, Ayacucho, Yauriviri, habitus of immature male holotype (MUSM ENT 0511141, formerly RKCP 0787). Photo by R. Kaderka.

Figure 21. Antikuna majkusi sp. nov., male holotype (MUSM ENT 0511141, formerly RKCP 0787) from Peru, Ayacucho, Yauriviri. (a). Carapace, dorsal view. (b). Sternum, labium, maxillae and coxae, ventral view. (c). Abdomen, dorsal view. (d). Ocular tubercle, dorsal view. (e). Labium and left maxilla, ventral view. Scale bar = 1 mm. Photo by R. Kaderka.

Figure 22. Antikuna majkusi sp. nov., male holotype (MUSM ENT 0511141, formerly RKCP 0787) from Peru, Ayacucho, Yauriviri, morphology of right palpal bulb. (a). Prolateral view. (b). Retrolateral view. Scale bar = 1 mm. Photo by R. Kaderka.

Figure 23. Antikuna majkusi sp. nov., male holotype (MUSM ENT 0511141, formerly RKCP 0787) from Peru, Ayacucho, Yauriviri. (a). Left palpal tibia, retrolateral view. (b). Left tibia I, prolaterally ventral view. Scale bar = 1 mm. Photo by R. Kaderka.

Figure 24. Antikuna majkusi sp. nov. from Peru,Ayacucho, Yauriviri, habitus of mature female paratype (MUSM ENT 0514013, formerly RKCP 0785). Scale bar = 10 mm. Photo by R. Kaderka.

Figure 25. Antikuna majkusi sp. nov., female paratype (MUSM ENT 0514013, formerly RKCP 0785) from Peru, Ayacucho, Yauriviri. (a). Carapace, dorsal view. (b). Sternum, labium, maxillae and coxae, ventral view. (c). Abdomen, dorsal view. (d). Ocular tubercle, dorsal view. (e). Labium and left maxilla, ventral view. Scale bar = 1 mm. Photo by R. Kaderka.

Figure 26. (a–d). Antikuna majkusi sp. nov., female paratype (MUSM-ENT 0514013, formely RKCP 0785) from Peru, Ayacucho, Yauriviri. Spermathecae with two separated seminal receptacles. (a). Spermathecae of immature female dissected from exuvia, ventral view. (b). Spermathecae of female (car.8.82) dissected from exuvia,ventral view.(c, d). Spermathecae dissected from specimen in alcohol (car. 10.51). (c). Ventral view. (d). Dorsal view. Scale bar = 1 mm. Photo by R. Kaderka.

Figure 49. Distribution map of Antikuna gen. nov. in Peru. Prepared by M. Hüsser.