Gonatopodinae Kieffer, 1906

Xu, Zaifu, Olmi, Massimo & He, Junhua, 2013, Dryinidae of the Oriental region (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea), Zootaxa 3614 (1), pp. 1-460 : 315-316

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.3614.1.1

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:E75E5224-20F1-431C-A7CB-9EE0D3F25118

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6498136

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/8860B757-8F74-FEFB-48A7-569BFA39FBDD

treatment provided by

Felipe

scientific name

Gonatopodinae Kieffer
status

 

VI. Subfamily Gonatopodinae Kieffer in Kieffer & Marshall, 1906

Gonatopodinae partim Kieffer in Kieffer & Marshall 1906: 499.

Gonatopodinae partim Kieffer 1907: 12.

Gonatopodini Kieffer 1914b: 67; Richards 1939: 188.

Dryinini partim Muesebeck & Walkley 1951: 1034.

Gonatopodinae Richards 1953: 51 ; Krombein 1979: 1244; Olmi 1984: 1050; Olmi 1993a: 195; Olmi 1993b: 77; Olmi 1994: 64; Olmi 1995b: 503; Olmi 1995d: 134; Olmi 1999a: 213; Olmi & Bechly 2001: 42; He & Xu 2002: 287; Engel 2005: 490; Olmi & Virla 2006: 408; Virla & Olmi 2008: 371

Type genus. Gonatopus Ljungh, 1810 View in CoL , designated by Olmi (1984).

Diagnosis. Female: usually apterous ( Plates 106B View PLATE 106 , 108C View PLATE 108 ); occasionally fully winged ( Plate 96A View PLATE 96 , 100A View PLATE 100 , 106A View PLATE 106 ); rarely micropterous (not present in the Oriental region) or brachypterous (present in Oriental region); ocelli present; occipital carina usually absent, rarely incomplete and only present behind and on sides of posterior ocelli; mandible with four teeth progressing larger from anterior one to posterior; palpal formula 2/1, 2/2, 3/2, 4/2, 4/3, 5/2, 5/3, 6/2, or 6/3; antennal segments 5–10 without tufts of long hairs; antenna with or without rhinaria; pronotal tubercle absent ( Plates 96B View PLATE 96 , 100B View PLATE 100 ); in winged females, metanotum very reduced; in macropterous species fore wing with stigmal vein and pterostigma ( Plates 96A, B View PLATE 96 , 100A View PLATE 100 , 106A View PLATE 106 ), pterostigma very narrow; in macropterous species fore wing with three cells enclosed by pigmented veins (costal, median and submedian) ( Plates 96A, B View PLATE 96 , 100A View PLATE 100 , 106A View PLATE 106 ); protarsus chelate ( Plates 96A, B View PLATE 96 , 106B View PLATE 106 , 108C View PLATE 108 ); chela with rudimentary claw ( Plates 93B View PLATE 93 , 107B View PLATE 107 ); protrochanter long and slender, more than twice as long as broad ( Plate 96B View PLATE 96 ); usually tibial spurs 1/0/1; rarely (in Neodryinus R. Perkins ) 1/0/2. Male: fully winged ( Plate 94 View PLATE 94 , 110A, B View PLATE 110 ); occipital carina usually absent, rarely incomplete and only present behind and on sides of posterior ocelli, rarely complete (in Echthrodelphax R. Perkins ); occiput usually concave ( Plate 121C View PLATE 121 ), occasionally straight; mandible with three teeth progressing larger from anterior one to posterior; palpal formula 2/1, 2/2, 3/2, 4/2, 4/3, 5/2, 5/3, 6/2, or 6/3; epicnemium visible, because lateral regions of prothorax not continuous with mesopleura (as in plate 2H); mesosternum fused with mesopleura and not distinct; fore wing with three cells enclosed by pigmented veins (costal, median and submedian) ( Plates 94A View PLATE 94 , 110A, B View PLATE 110 ); fore wing with stigmal vein and pterostigma (pterostigma always very narrow) ( Plates 94A View PLATE 94 , 110A, B View PLATE 110 ); dorsal process of paramere always present ( Plate 95B View PLATE 95 ), occasionally reduced ( Plates 117A View PLATE 117 , 122B View PLATE 122 ); tibial spurs 1/1/2.

Distribution. Worldwide.

Hosts. Cicadellidae (except Idiocerinae , Macropsinae , Typhlocybinae ), Tropiduchidae , Lophopidae , Ricaniidae , Acanaloniidae , Flatidae , Delphacidae , Issidae , Nogodinidae , Meenoplidae ( Guglielmino & Olmi, 1997, 2006, 2007).

World species. Five hundred and fifty three species are known, eighty one in the Oriental region, including one species incertae sedis.

World genera. Twelve genera are known, six in the Oriental region.

Remarks. The following six genera are not quoted from the Oriental region: Epigonatopus R. Perkins, 1905 (Australian) , Eucamptonyx R. Perkins, 1907 (Australian, Nearctic, Neotropical), Gynochelys Brues, 1906 (Afrotropical) , Pareucamptonyx Olmi, 1991 (Neotropical) , Pentagonatopus Olmi, 1984 (Australian, Nearctic), Trichogonatopus Kieffer, 1909 (Nearctic, Neotropical).

Key to the genera

Females

1. Females fully winged; rarely brachypterous ( Plates 96A, B View PLATE 96 , 100A View PLATE 100 , 106A View PLATE 106 )......................................... 2

- Females apterous ( Plates 106B View PLATE 106 , 108C View PLATE 108 ).................................................................... 5

2. Tibial spur formula 1/0/2............................................................ 1. Neodryinus R. Perkins

- Tibial spur formula 1/0/1............................................................................... 3

3. Notauli absent or hardly visible (then incomplete or complete).................................... 2. Adryinus Olmi

- Notauli clearly distinct and complete...................................................................... 4

4. Species small, with palpal formula variable from 3/2 to 4/2, or 5/2, rarely 5/3 or 6/3; segment 5 of protarsus with less than 15 medial lamellae ( Plates 100C View PLATE 100 , 102B, C View PLATE 102 )............................................ 3. Echthrodelphax R. Perkins

- Species large, with palpal formula 6/3; segment 5 of protarsus with more than 20 medial lamellae.................................................................................................... 5. Gonatopus Ljungh View in CoL partim

5. Palpal formula 2/1.............................................................4. Haplogonatopus R. Perkins

- Palpal formula different................................................................................ 6

6. Palpal formula 6/2................................................................... 6. Esagonatopus Olmi

- Palpal formula different.......................................................... 5. Gonatopus Ljungh View in CoL partim

Males (unknown in Adryinus Olmi )

1. Head with a distinct complete occipital carina ( Plate 101A View PLATE 101 )............................. 3. Echthrodelphax R. Perkins

- Head without occipital carina, or with an incomplete occipital carina (then carina only present behind ocellar triangle and shortly on sides of posterior ocelli)....................................................................... 2

2. Temple absent..................................................................... 1. Neodryinus R. Perkins

- Temple distinct ( Plate 110A View PLATE 110 )............................................................................ 3

3. Palpal formula 2/1.............................................................4. Haplogonatopus R. Perkins

- Palpal formula different................................................................................ 4

4. Palpal formula 6/2................................................................... 6. Esagonatopus Olmi

- Palpal formula different.......................................................... 5. Gonatopus Ljungh View in CoL partim

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Insecta

Order

Hymenoptera

Family

Dryinidae

Loc

Gonatopodinae Kieffer

Xu, Zaifu, Olmi, Massimo & He, Junhua 2013
2013
Loc

Gonatopodinae

Olmi, M. 1993: 195
Olmi, M. 1993: 77
Olmi, M. 1984: 1050
Krombein, K. V. 1979: 1244
Richards, O. W. 1953: 51
Olmi 1994: 64
Olmi 1995b: 503; Olmi 1995d: 134 ; Olmi 1999a: 213 ; Olmi & Bechly 2001: 42 ; He & Xu 2002: 287 ; Engel 2005: 490 ; Olmi & Virla 2006: 408;
Virla & Olmi 2008: 371
1953
Loc

Dryinini

Muesebeck, C. F. W. & Walkley, L. M. 1951: 1034
1951
Loc

Richards, O. W. 1939: 188
Kieffer, J. J. 1914: 67
1914
Loc

Gonatopodinae

Kieffer, J. J. 1907: 12
1907
Loc

Gonatopodinae

Kieffer, J. J. & Marshall, T. A. 1906: 499
1906
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